[29a - 44 lines; 29b - 20 lines]
1)[line 2]מרהטי בגמראMERAHATEI B'GEMARA- they would quickly review the rulings [of Rav Chisda]
2a)[line 3]מאני משתיאMANEI MISHTEYA- vessels [that had been used] for drinking (i.e., dirty cups)
b)[line 4]מאני מיכלאMANEI MEICHLA- a) dirty plates (RASHI); b) pots, pans, kneading troughs, spits, etc. used in the preparation of the meal (TOSFOS DH Mana)
3a)[line 5]חצבאCHATZBA- an earthenware pail
b)[line 5]שחילSHACHIL- a wooden pail
4)[line 6]שרגאSHERAGA- (O.F. croisel - lamp) an earthenware oil lamp
5)[line 7]הא בסוכה קטנהHA B'SUKAH KETANAH- a) [one may not keep a lamp] in a minimum sized seven-square-Tefach Sukah [since it will not leave room for him to maneuver] (RASHI, BA'AL HA'ME'OR); b) [one may not keep a lamp] in a small Sukah [since it may burn the Sukah down] (TOSFOS DH v'Amri, RAN)
6)[line 9]גריסיןGERISIN- pounded beans
7)[line 10]נשב זיקאNASHAV ZIKA- the wind blew
8)[line 10]ציבותאTZIV'VASA- small twigs [from the Sechach onto the food]
9)[line 11]פנו לי מאניPANU LI MANI- clear my utensils
10)[line 13]אנינא דעתאיANINA DA'ATAI- for I am finicky [and cannot eat food upon which twigs fell]
11)[line 15]ירדYARAD- he went down [to his house from his Sukah on his roof]
12a)[line 18]שיאורSHE'YE'OR (with an Aleph)- it becomes light
b)[line 18]שיעורSHE'YE'OR (with an Ayin)- he awakens
13)[line 20]תרתי?TARTI?- both [when the sky lightens (which implies Netz ha'Chamah) and Amud ha'Shachar (which is an earlier time)]?
14)[line 22]מי שפך למי?MI SHAFACH L'MI?- who poured upon whom? There are two possible ways to understand the parable in our Mishnah. One is that the master, disgusted with the service provided by his servant, poured the water out from the pitcher held by the servant. In that case, the rain on Sukos parallels the pouring of the water from the pitcher. Another possibility, however, is that the poor quality of the service in the parable is demonstrated through that which the servant spilled the water. In that case, the spilling of the water in the parable parallels the poor performance of Klal Yisrael in their fulfillment of the Mitzvah of Sukah. The point of the parable remains the same; namely, that rain on Sukos demonstrates Hash-m's displeasure with us. Our Gemara, however, wishes to understand the parable.
15)[line 23]אי אפשי בשמושךIY EFSHI B'SHIMUSHECH- I do not desire your service
16)[line 24]שהחמה לוקהSHEHA'CHAMAH LOKAH- that there is a solar eclipse (see Insights)
17)[line 25]פנסPANAS- (O.F. lanterne) a glass lantern
18)[line 26]טולTOL- remove
19)[line 27]מאורותME'OROS- the moon or stars
20)[line 27]שונאיהם של ישראלSON'EIHEM SHEL YISRAEL- lit. the enemies of Yisrael. This is a euphemism used for Klal Yisrael when the reference holds a negative connotation.
21)[line 27]מלומדין במכותיהןMELUMADIN B'MAKOSEIHEN- they are used to being stricken
22)[line 28]סופרSOFER- a teacher of children
23)[line 28]רצועהRETZU'A- a strap
24)[line 30]מוניןMONIN- calculate [their calendar]
25)[line 31]במזרחB'MIZRACH- in the eastern [half of the sky, as it rises]
26)[line 32]פניוPANAV- the face of the sun
27)[line 33]שקSAK- material woven from goats' hair [which is black in color]
28)[line 33]חיצי רעבCHITZEI RA'AV- hunger pangs [which blacken one's face]
29)[line 34]בכניסתוB'CHENISASO- as it sets
30)[line 35]אלהיהELOHEHA- its representative angel
31)[line 37]"כֹּה אָמַר ה', 'אֶל-דֶּרֶךְ הַגּוֹיִם אַל-תִּלְמָדוּ, וּמֵאֹתוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם אַל-תֵּחָתּוּ, כִּי-יֵחַתּוּ הַגּוֹיִם מֵהֵמָּה'.""KO AMAR HASH-M, 'EL DERECH HA'GOYIM AL TILMADU, UME'OSOS HA'SHAMAYIM AL TECHATU, KI YECHATU HA'GOYIM ME'HEMAH'"- "Thus said Hash-m, 'Do not learn from the ways of the nations, and do not fear the signs of the Heavens, for the nations fear them" (Yirmeyahu 10:2). Our Gemara explains that only when Klal Yisrael do not follow the example of the nations have they nothing to fear from heavenly portents.
32a)[line 40]נערה המאורסהNA'ARAH HA'ME'ORASAH- a girl within six months of reaching physical maturity who has undergone Erusin (betrothal; see Background to 24:15) but not Nisu'in (marriage)
b)[line 40]שצעקה בעיר ואין מושיע להSHE'TZA'AKAH BA'IR V'EIN MOSHI'A LAH- who cried out [when sexually accosted] in an inhabited area, and was not saved (see Devarim 22:23-27 and Background to Pesachim 25:5)
33)[line 41]משכב זכורMISHKAV ZACHOR- male homosexuality
34)[line 42](פלסתר) [פלסטר]PELASTER- forged documents
35)[line 43]מגדלי בהמה דקה בא"יMEGADLEI BEHEMAH DAKAH B'ERETZ YISRAEL- those who raise sheep and goats in Eretz Yisrael. Because it is impossible to prevent these flocks from grazing upon the land of others, thus destroying settled areas, Ezra ha'Sofer prohibited this in Eretz Yisrael (Bava Kama 82a).
36)[line 43]קוצצי אילנות טובותKOTZETZEI ILANOS TOVOS- those who chop down fruit trees
37)[last line]בעלי בתיםBA'ALEI BATIM- wealthy individuals
38)[last line]משהי שטרות פרועיםMASH'HEI SHETAROS PERU'IM- creditors who retain promissory notes for debts that have already been paid [in order to a) collect on the debt a second time (RASHI); b) threaten to collect on the debt a second time unless the creditor concedes on a different dispute (MAHARSHA)]
29b----------------------------------------29b
39)[line 1]שהיה ספק בידם למחותSHE'HAYAH SIPEK B'YADAM LIMCHOS- that which they would have been able to [successfully] protest [other's transgression of sins, as their affluence translates into influence]
40)[line 2]פוסקיםPOSKIM- they pledge
41)[line 4]יוצאין לטמיוןYOTZ'IN L'TIMYON- a) dwindle and vanish (RASHI); b) go to the treasury of the government (ARUCH)
42a)[line 4]כובשי שכר שכירKOVSHEI SECHAR SACHIR- deferring payment of a laborer's wages [requiring him to return many times before he is paid]
b)[line 5]עושקי שכר שכירOSHKEI SECHAR SACHIR- withholding payment of a laborer's wages altogether
43)[line 5]שפורקין עול מעל צואריהןSHE'PORKIM OL ME'AL TZAVAREIHEM- that which they throw off the yoke of responsibility from their necks
44)[line 6]גסות הרוחGASUS HA'RU'ACH- haughtiness
45)[line 8]"וַעֲנָוִים יִירְשׁוּ-אָרֶץ, וְהִתְעַנְּגוּ עַל-רֹב שָׁלוֹם.""VA'ANAVIM YIRESHU ARETZ, V'HIS'ANGU AL ROV SHALOM"- "But the humble shall inherit the earth, and take pleasure in an abundance of peace" (Tehilim 37:11).
PEREK #3 LULAV HA'GAZUL
46)[line 10]אשירהASHEIRAH- a tree that had been worshipped as an Avodah Zarah. (Asheirah was a popular fertility goddess in the Near East. She is identified with Astarte (Ashteros) and Aphrodite.)
47)[line 11]עיר הנדחתIR HA'NIDACHAS
(a)If an entire city has strayed (Nidach) to the extent that most of its inhabitants practice idolatry, it must be eradicated. All those who worshipped idols are put to death, while the buildings of the city are razed and its possessions burned (Devarim 13:13-19). Those righteous individuals who did not sin are allowed to remain alive, but they must leave the city bereft of all that they owned.
48)[line 11]נקטם ראשוNIKTAM ROSHO- if a) the tip of the Teyomes — the central double leaf — is broken off (first opinion of TOSFOS and the ROSH); b) the tips of most of its upper leaves are broken off (2nd opinion of TOSFOS); c) the tips of most of all its leaves are broken off (2nd opinion of ROSH)
49)[line 12]נפרצו עליוNIFRETZU ALAV- if a) its leaves are detached [and tied back on] (RASHI); b) [most of] its double leaves are split in half along their common edge (TOSFOS, ROSH)
50)[line 12]נפרדוNIFREDU- fan outward [from the spine of the Lulav]
51)[line 13]יאגדנוYE'AGDENU- bind them
52)[line 13]ציני הר הברזלTZINEI HAR HA'BARZEL- Lulav branches [with very short leaves that grow on palm trees indigenous to] rocky mountains
53)[line 15]כדי לנענע בוKEDEI L'NA'ANE'A BO- [plus an additional Tefach] through which it is possible to shake it
54)[line 15]קא פסיק ותניKA PASIK V'TANI- our Mishnah unequivocally states [that the Lulavim discussed are invalid]
55)[line 16]יום טוב שניYOM TOV SHENI- the second (or, for that matter, any of the remaining days) of Sukos
56)[line 17]הדר בעינןHADAR BA'INAN- it must be beautiful (see Insights)
57)[line 19]"[וּלְקַחְתֶּם] לָכֶם [בַּיּוֹם הָרִאשׁוֹן פְּרִי עֵץ הָדָר, כַּפֹּת תְּמָרִים, וַעֲנַף עֵץ-עָבֹת, וְעַרְבֵי-נָחַל ...]""[U'LKACHTEM] LACHEM [BA'YOM HA'RISHON PRI ETZ HADAR, KAPOS TEMARIM, VA'ANAF ETZ AVOS, V'ARVEI NACHAL ...]"- "[And you shall take] for yourselves [on the first day (of Sukos) the fruit of a citron tree, branches of date palms, a twig of a braided tree, and brook willows]" (Vayikra 23:40). (see Background to 27:18)