(Mishnah): The Zekenim of Beis Din handed him over to the elder Kohanim. They brought him up to the upper story of Beis Avtinas. They imposed an oath on him, and went away;

They said to him "Ishi Kohen Gadol - we are Sheluchim of Beis Din, and you are our Shali'ach and a Shali'ach of Beis Din. We put an oath on you in [the name of] the One who made His name dwell in this House that you will not deviate from all that we told you.'' He separates and cries, and they separate and cry.

(Gemara): This was on top of Sha'ar ha'Mayim, and close to his Lishkah (Palhedrin). He separates and cries, that he was suspected. They separate and cry that they needed to do so.

Why do they put an oath on him? It is due to the Baisusin, who said that he burns [the Ketores] outside, and enters it inside.

A case occurred in which one burned outside and entered it inside. When he left, he said to his father "even though you expounded so all your days, you did not do so until [I] did so!''

[His father] said to him "even though we expounded so all our days, we did like Chachamim wanted. I will be astounded if [you] live long in this world!'' They said that it was only a small number of days until he died.

Some say that his nose spewed out worms, and like the form of a round foot in his forehead (an angel bashed his head).

Opinion #1: Some want to say that the same [Tzeduki in the episode] of Parah [Adumah; R. Yochanan ben Zakai made him a Tevul Yom, and he did not want to burn it like this, so he blemished it] is the one [who spilled the water on his feet, for he denied the Mitzvah of Nisuch ha'Mayim] of Sukos, is the one [who deviated in the Avodah] of Yom Kipur.

Opinion #2: R. Simai did not say so. Rather, either the same [Tzeduki] was of Parah and Sukah, and of Yom Kipur was someone else, or of Parah and Yom Kipur was one, and of Sukah was someone else.

The one who said that it was only a small number of days until he died, [he can say that] he did all three;

The one who said that his nose spewed out worms, and like the form of a round foot was in his forehead (he died right away), he holds that the opinion that either Parah and Sukah were one, and Yom Kipur was one, or Parah and Yom Kipur was one, and of Sukah was someone else. (In the case of Sukos, they stoned him with Esrogim and he died, so we cannot say that he died on Yom Kipur.)

The Azarah screamed about them [like it screamed about Beis Eli] "leave from here Bnei Eli!'' You were Metamei Beis Elokeinu!''

That day (that they stoned the Kohen with Esrogim), the corner of the Mizbe'ach became dented, and they put a clump of salt on it lest it appear dented, for any Mizbe'ach lacking a corner (a cubic Amah), Sovev or Yesod is Pasul. (This was not Machshir the Mizbe'ach. It merely avoided disgrace.)

Question (to R. Avahu): It says "v'Chol Adam Lo Yihyeh b'Ohel Mo'ed b'Vo'o Lechaper ba'Kodesh Ad Tzeiso'' - even those about whom it says "u'Dmus Pneihem Pnei Adam'' (i.e. angels) will not be in the Ohel Mo'ed! (How could an angel bash his head?)

Answer (R. Avahu): This is when he enters properly. (The Tzeduki did not, so angels could be there.)

It is written "v'Hevi mi'Beis la'Paroches v'Nasan Es ha'Ketores Al ha'Esh Lifnei Hashem'' - he may not prepare [the Ketores] outside and enter inside;

The Tzedukim say that he prepares outside and enters. If in front of people we do so (prepare outside), all the more so in front of Hash-m!

Chachamim: It already says "v'Nasan Es ha'Ketores Al ha'Esh Lifnei Hashem'' - he puts only inside.

Question: If so, why does it say "Ki be'Anan Era'eh Al ha'Kapores''?

Answer: This teaches that he puts Ma'aleh Ashan (to make the smoke go straight up).

Question: What is the source [that it is Me'akev - PNEI MOSHE] that he puts Ma'aleh Ashan?

Answer: "V'Chisah Anan ha'Ketores Es ha'Kapores Asher Al ha'Aron v'Lo Yamus'' - if he did not put Ma'aleh Ashan, or he lacked one of the ingredients, he is Chayav Misah.

(R. Elazar b'Ribi Shimon): "V'Lo Yamus'' is the punishment. "Ki be'Anan Era'eh Al ha'Kapores'' is the warning.

Suggestion: Perhaps the warning and punishment were said before the death of Aharon's sons (and this is why they died)!

Rejection: "Acharei Mos Shnei Bnei Aharon.''

Suggestion: Perhaps "Acharei Mos Shnei Bnei Aharon'' teaches that both of them were said after Aharon's two sons died!

Rejection: It says "Ki be'Anan Era'eh Al ha'Kapores.'' How do we resolve both of them? The warning was said before Aharon's two sons died, and the punishment was said after Aharon's two sons died.

(R. Ze'ira): It is not written 'Ki be'Anan Nir'eisi', rather, "Era'eh'' - this teaches that Hash-m does not punish unless He warns [first].

(Mishnah): If he was a Chacham, he expounds. If not, Chachamim expound in front of him. If he normally reads (Mikra), he reads. If not, they read in front of him.

Question: What do they read in front of him? In Iyov, Ezra and Divrei ha'Yamim;

Zecharyah ben Kevutal says, many times I read in front of him in Daniel. (Mishnayos Kahati citing R. Enterman... - often the Kohen Gadol was an Am ha'Aretz, and he was not so fluent in Leshon ha'Kodesh. Most of the first half of Sefer Daniel is in Arame'ic, which was spoken more in Eretz Yisrael in Bayis Sheni, at least before the Greek domination began.)

(Gemara - Beraisa): [We read] in Mishlei and Tehilim, for their explanations avert sleep.

Question (Kahana, to Rav): What is the text - Kevutar or Kevutal?

Answer: Rav was praying [Shemoneh Esre - PNEI MOSHE], and he showed to him with his middle finger the form of a Reish [to show that the text is] Kevutar. (ALEI TAMAR - he was distracted, and could not have Kavanah. Then, one may gesture to remove the distraction -Mishnah Berurah 104:1.)

(Mishnah): If [the Kohen Gadol] wanted to sleep, young Kohanim snap their fingers in front of him, and say "Ishi Kohen Gadol - stand and put one [foot] on the ground! They engage him until the time for Shechitah comes.

(Gemara - Rav Huna): [They snap] the middle finger on the mouth [to make noise to prevent sleep].

(R. Yochanan): [They snap] the middle finger on the hand.

Question: A Beraisa argues with R. Yochanan! [It says] on the mouth, and not on a lyre or harp!

Answer: The song that is [proper to be] said with the middle finger, he says with the mouth, and not on a lyre or harp.