(Mishnah): (If) on Yom Tov (one sees that it is about to rain on the fruits that he left drying on his roof), he may lower (the) fruit through a skylight;

One may cover fruits with utensils to save them from a leak;

This is also the law for jugs of wine and oil;

One may place a utensil under a leak on Shabbos.

(Gemara): The Mishnah refers to the same roof, but he may not lower the fruits through the skylight of a different roof.

(That statement is only applicable) when the roofs are of different heights, but if they are of the same height, he may lower the fruits even through the skylight of a different roof.

Beraisa: If there was a window there (in the walls surrounding the roof, but there was no skylight), he may lower [the fruits] through the window.

Rav Yirmiyah quoting Rav: One may spread a mat of reeds over (unbaked) bricks on Shabbos (to prevent them getting wet - even though he is moving the mat for the sake of a Muktzah item).

R. Shimon bei R. Yanai: I did not hear the following from my father - my sister told it to me in his name -

If an egg was laid on Yom Tov, one may place a utensil next to it to prevent it from rolling, but one may not overturn a utensil on top of it.

Shmuel: One may overturn a utensil on top of it.

R. Mana: As long as the utensil does not touch the actual egg.

Beraisa (R. Hoshiya): One may spread a sheet over a beehive in the summer to protect it from the sun and in the winter to protect it from the rain.

Question: If this Beraisa already teaches us that one may move a non-Muktzah item for the sake of a Muktzah one, why did Rav need to say (see (h) earlier), that one may spread a mat of reeds over bricks on Shabbos? And why did Shmuel need to say (see (k) earlier), that one may overturn a utensil on top of the egg? (Note: This entry and the one that follows explain the Gemara according to the understanding of Rav Chaim Kanievski.)

Answer: Rav and Shmuel taught (like our Mishnah) that one may only rest the non-Muktzah on top of the Muktzah. However, the Beraisa disagrees and permits even laying out the item underneath the Muktzah thereby annulling the use of the item when the Muktzah falls upon it.

R. Bisna quoting R. Yosa ben Chaninah: The teeth of keys for boats are Muktzah (and may not be moved).

There was a case of nets that were spread out, that were becoming burnt from the sun.

They asked Rav if they could move them and he answered that they may not be touched unless he planned before Shabbos that he wished to put them under his head to sleep (in which case they would become utensils that are used for a permitted use).

Beraisa: If there is a barrel of Tevel (untithed produce) that is crumbling, one may bring another utensil and place it underneath the barrel (to catch the falling produce).

When that utensil is full, it may not be moved (as Tevel is Muktzah).

R. Zeira: This shows that one may act to save Muktzah in an irregular way (as here, he merely puts the utensil underneath the falling produce, but without actually holding it underneath directly).

Question - Beraisa): If on Yom Tov, and certainly if on Shabbos, the liquids began flowing out of the utensils in which one presses grapes and olives, one may not receive the liquids in another utensil (even if done in an irregular way)...?

Answer (Rav Chisda): Even though both (the grape/olive juices and the fruits) are Tevel, one is Muktzah (juices that seeped out on Shabbos/ Yom Tov) and one is not Muktzah (as one could tithe the Tevel).

We learn from the Beraisa that follows that one may perform an act in an irregular way in order to save a Muktzah item...

Beraisa: If a candle became extinguished, one may save its oil.

Rejection (R. Yaakov bar Acha): The Beraisa follows the opinion of R. Shimon who said that an extinguished candle may be moved (so nothing can be proven from it).

R. Shmuel bar Rav Yitschak: He only disagrees with R. Shimon about moving it, but all agree that one may save it in this way. (Note: This entry follows the explanation of Rav Chaim Kanievski.)

Beraisa: One may place a utensil underneath a leak on Shabbos. When it becomes full, one may empty it and reuse it.

R. Chananya: They considered it like rivers and springs that flowed in from outside the Techum (that one's mind in on them and they are not Muktzah).

Support (Beraisa): If rivers and springs flowed in from outside of the Techum, one may take from them on Shabbos and certainly on Yom Tov.