(Mishnah - R. Eliezer): One may take a splinter to pick his teeth and gather from the courtyard to light a fire with it, as everything in the courtyard is considered prepared for us.

Chachamim: One may gather from what is in front of him in the house and light it.

(Gemara): Over which case is their dispute? To make a pile of firewood in front of him - according to R. Eliezer it is permitted; according to Rabbanan it is prohibited.

One may not start a fire from firewood, stones or water (by putting water in a glass container (when the sun is strong, the water can produce a spark and ignite a fire).

One may not heat roof planks in order to use them to roast on.

Another law of R. Eliezer: A person may stand next to drying fruits on Erev Shabbos during Sheviis and verbally designate them before Yom Tov. (Since they are Shemita produce, they are exempt from tithes.)

Chachamim: He may designate only by first marking them and then declaring that he wishes to use them on Yom Tov.

(Gemara - the Mishnah taught): One may not heat roof planks in order to use them to roast on.

One Beraisa reads that one may heat roof planks and one reads that one may not.

Rav Chisda: The text that says that it is permitted refers to planks that were already checked that the heat would not ruin them; the text that says that it is prohibited refers to planks that were not checked. (If the heat does ruin them, it means that he toiled unnecessarily.)

The Mishnah taught: Another law of R. Eliezer - A person may stand next to drying fruits on Erev Shabbos during Sheviis and verbally designate them before Yom Tov. (Since they are Shemita produce, they are exempt from tithes.)

Question: The opinion of R. Eliezer has been switched, as the Mishnah taught (earlier) - Beis Shamai says that one may not take (birds) if he shook (designated) them before Yom Tov. Is R. Eliezer not a student of Bei Shamai?

Answer: It is stringency that they made for a living creature (that it is a more severe type of Muktzah).

The Mishnah taught: He may designate only by first marking them and then declaring that he wishes to use them on Yom Tov.

Question: The opinion of Chachamim has been switched as the Mishnah (earlier) taught that Beis Hillel says - he should declare that I am taking from this and this. Here, the Chachamim require marking them; certainly, there is more reason to be stringent there as they are living creatures?!