[41a - 27 lines; 41b - 42 lines]
1)[line 1]ôø éåí äëôåøéíPAR YOM HA'KIPURIM
See Background to Zevachim 39:6.
2)[line 2]îôø ëäï îùéçMI'PAR KOHEN MASHI'ACH (PAR KOHEN MASHI'ACH)
See Background to Horayos 6:11.
3)[line 3]ùòéø éåí äëôåøéíSE'IR YOM HA'KIPURIM
See Background to Zevachim 40:11.
4)[line 3]îùòéøé òáåãú ëåëáéíMI'SE'IREI AVODAS KOCHAVIM (SE'IREI AVODAS KOCHAVIM)
See Background to Zevachim 39:7.
5)[line 4]áäé÷ùB'HEKESH (HEKESH)
(a)One of the methods employed by Chazal when determining Halachah from the verses of the Torah is "Hekesh." A Hekesh entails comparing two subjects that are mentioned together in one verse or neighboring verses.
(b)A Hekesh is a powerful way of determining Halachah. When two subjects are compared through a Hekesh, all possible parallels are drawn between them, unless a different Derashah teaches us otherwise ("Ein Hekesh l'Mechetzah"). Additionally, Pirchos (logical differences) that would impede a Kal va'Chomer (see next entry) or a Gezeirah Shavah (see Background to Sanhedrin 87:5) do not stand in the way of learning one subject from another through a Hekesh ("Ein Meshivin Al ha'Hekesh").
(c)The Gemara here explains that the laws of the Sa'ir of Avodah Zarah are derived through a Hekesh with the Par Kohen Gadol.
6)[line 5]á÷ì åçåîøB'KAL VA'CHOMER (KAL VA'CHOMER)
(a)In the Introduction to the Sifra (the Halachic Midrash to Vayikra), Rebbi Yishmael lists thirteen methods that Chazal use for extracting the Halachah from the verses of the Torah. One of them is called a Kal va'Chomer (an argument a fortiori, also known as "Din" in the language of the Gemara), by which a Halachic inference is made from a Halachah of lesser consequence to a Halachah of greater consequence, or vice versa.
(b)Unlike a Gezeirah Shavah (see Background to Sanhedrin 87:5), the Kal va'Chomer inference need not be received as a tradition from one's teacher, since it is based upon logic. And unlike a Hekesh (see previous entry), it can be refuted based on logical grounds.
7)[line 7]ôø äòìí ãáø ùì öéáåøPAR HE'ELEM DAVAR SHEL TZIBUR
See Background to Horayos 2:1.
8)[line 8]éåúøúYOSERES- (a) the diaphragm (RASHI, RADAK); (b) a lobe of the liver (RAV HAI GA'ON) (Vayikra 3:3-4)
9)[line 8]ëìéåúKELAYOS- kidneys
41b----------------------------------------41b
10)[line 9]ùæòíSHE'ZA'AM- that he became enraged
11)[line 10]áñøçåðåB'SIRCHONO- [the king minimized the severity] of his [friend's] wrongdoing
12)[line 14]ôîìéàPAMALYA- his cabinet of confidants
13)[line 17]á÷åîõB'KOMETZ (KEMITZAH)
(a)When an individual who is not a Kohen offers a Korban Minchah (flour offering), a Kohen must take off a Kometz (handful), which is burned upon the Mizbe'ach.
(b)A Kometz is the amount that can be held by the middle three fingers when they are pressed upon the palm. The Kohen puts his hand in the dough or baked goods and removes one handful. He next wipes off the dough or baked goods that stick out, using his thumb and smallest finger, until only the Kometz remains.
(c)The remainder of the Minchah (the Sheyarei ha'Minchah) is eaten by male Kohanim.
(d)A Minchah that is brought by the Tzibur, a Minchah offered by a Kohen, and a Minchah that is brought together with an animal Korban (the Minchas Nesachim - see Background to Sotah 15:9) are entirely burned on the Mizbe'ach.
14)[line 17]áìáåðäB'LEVONAH- with frankincense
15)[line 42]áãîéí äðéúðéïB'DAMIM HA'NITANIN- with blood placed [on the outer Mizbe'ach]