Question (Mishnah): Anything that ferments or seasons, is Medame'a [regarding Terumah, and regarding Orlah or Kil'ai ha'Kerem, it forbids].

Note: 'Medame'a' connotes a mixture of Terumah and Chulin. Our text 'veha'Medame'a' is difficult, for the Gemara will prove that the Mishnah discusses any amount. Medame'a forbids only up to 100!

Beis Shamai say, it is even Metamei [the dough it ferments or the food that it seasons];

Beis Hillel say, always it is not Metamei until it is k'Beitzah (the size of an egg, the Shi'ur for Tum'as Oclim).

Dostai Ish Kefar Ismah was one of Shamai's Talmidim, and he said ' I asked Shamai ha'Zaken, and he said, always it is not Metamei until it is a k'Beitzah.'

Why did they say 'anything that ferments or seasons, is Medame'a? It is to be stringent Min b'Mino to be lenient and stringent Min b'Eino Mino;

How is this (to be stringent Min b'Mino)? Se'or of Terumah wheat that fell into a dough of wheat and there is enough to ferment, whether there is enough [Chulin for the Terumah] to be Batel in 101, or there is not enough for Bitul in 101, it is forbidden;

If there is not enough for Bitul in 101, whether there is enough to ferment or there is not enough to ferment, it is forbidden.

To be lenient and stringent Min b'Eino Mino - how is this? If beans [of Isur] were cooked with lentils [of Heter], and [the Isur] gives taste, whether there is a Shi'ur of Bitul of 101, or there is not a Shi'ur of Bitul of 101, it is forbidden;

If [the Isur] does not give taste, whether there is a Shi'ur of Bitul of 101, or there is not a Shi'ur of Bitul of 101, it is permitted.

(Gemara - R. Yosi citing Chilfai, and R. Yonah citing Reish Lakish): Beis Shamai make [the entire dough] like the apple [used to ferment it, therefore it is Tamei - R. SHLOMO SIRILIYO. We discuss an apple (and not sourdough, which is normally used), for our Mishnah discusses Min b'Eino Mino, like the case of seasoning. This is based on GRA, but he explained differently. - PF)]

(Mishnah): Dye water [poured into a Mikveh] disqualifies it if it is [at least] three Lugim (like the law of Mayim She'uvim, i.e. water that was in a Kli), but not through changing the appearance [of the Mikveh].

(Aba brei d'Rav Nachman): R. Meir disqualifies due to changing the appearance.

(R. Chunah citing R. Aba): R. Meir holds like Beis Shamai;

Just like Beis Shamai say, because it ferments, it is Metamei (even though it is not a Shi'ur), R. Meir holds that because it changes the appearance, it disqualifies (even without a Shi'ur. We explained this like GRA.)

Question: We find [that Beis Shamai are Metamei when he fermented with] something that has Isur and Tum'ah. If it has Tum'ah but not Isur, what is the law? (Perhaps only because it is like a Shi'ur for Isur, it is like a Shi'ur for Tum'ah!)

If one fermented from [a piece of the dough fermented through Isur] to another place (dough, and removed the piece), this is forbidden and this is forbidden.

If one increased [the first dough, so that the Terumah is not enough to ferment it] and was Mevatel [the Isur due to the Terumah], the primary (the first dough) became secondary (it is permitted), and the secondary became primary (it is forbidden, and if it ferments the first dough, it forbids it (TOLDOS YITZCHAK).

If Se'or of Terumah fell into a dough, and he removed it, and afterwards the dough fermented, it is permitted. (When it was removed, the Terumah in the dough was Batel, it is not recognized that Terumah fermented it - MAHARA FULDA.)

Question: Similarly, if a Terumah fig fell into 100, and he removed one of them, and afterwards the [Terumah fig] was recognized, is it permitted?!

Answer: There (regarding the dough), the Isur was not recognized. Here, the Isur was recognized.