(Mishnah): If Beis Din ruled b'Shogeg, and the entire Tzibur sinned b'Shogeg, they bring a Par;

[If Beis Din was] Mezid, and the people sinned b'Shogeg, everyone who sinned brings a female lamb or goat;

[If Beis Din was] Shogeg, and the people were b'Mezid, they are exempt.

(Gemara) Question: Is this unlike Reish Lakish?

(R. Ami citing Reish Lakish): Our Mishnah (1:1) discusses someone like Shimon Ben Azai sitting in front of them. (He told them that they err, so they are Mezid. Their Hora'ah is considered Hora'ah for others. If so, why does our Mishnah say that others bring a female lamb or goat, as if there were no Hora'ah?)

(Mishnah): [If Beis Din was] Mezid, and the people sinned b'Shogeg...

Question: Is there Mezid and Shogeg for an individual regarding Hora'as Beis Din?! (Indeed, someone like Ben Azai could be Mezid, if he knows that they erred, but we cannot say so about the entire Tzibur! - MEICHAL HA'MAYIM.)

Answer #1 (Talmidim citing Reish Lakish): This is when the majority of the Tzibur did not accept [the Hora'ah] on themselves.

Answer #2 (R. Zeira citing Reish Lakish): This is when they rejected the Hora'ah.

Question: What is the difference between the opinions?

Answer: They accepted [the Hora'ah] and retracted and rejected it. According to the Talmidim, since they rejected, they are exempt. According to R. Zeira, since they accepted it from the beginning, they are liable.

(Mishnah - R. Meir): If Beis Din ruled mistakenly and the majority of Yisrael sinned, Beis Din brings a Par. If they transgressed idolatry, they bring a Par and a Sa'ir;

R. Yehudah says, 12 Shevatim bring 12 Parim. For idolatry, they bring 12 Parim and 12 Se'irim;

R. Shimon says, [they bring] 13 Parim, and for idolatry, 13 Parim and 13 Se'irim, a Par and a Sa'ir for each Shevet, and a Par and a Sa'ir for Beis Din.

(Gemara) Question: Who is our Tana, who requires the majority?

Answer: It is R. Meir, for he taught [about Pesach ha'Ba b'Tum'ah, and he holds the same about Hora'ah] "half of all the Shevatim (i.e. six complete Shevatim), or half of every Shevet, as long as it is the majority [of Yisrael];

R. Yehudah says, half of every Shevet, as long as it is the majority [of Yisrael];

If entire Shevatim sinned, all the Shevatim are drawn after the one Shevet.

R. Meir says, all the Shevatim are called Kahal.

R. Yehudah says, each Shevet is called Kahal.

Observation: R. Shimon holds like R. Yehudah. Just like R. Yehudah says that each Shevet is called Kahal, R. Shimon says that each Shevet is called Kahal.

What do they argue about? They argue about Greirah. R. Yehudah holds that one Shevet is Gorer all the Shevatim (draws them after it), and R. Shimon holds that one Shevet is not Gorer all the Shevatim.

[Even though R. Yehudah holds that one Shevet is Gorer all the Shevatim,] he agrees that Hora'ah must be from Lishkas ha'Gazis [it cannot be from the Beis Din of a Shevet].

Source (R. Yosi): He learns from Min ha'Makom Asher Yivchar Hash-m."

(R. Avun citing R. Binyamin bar Levi): A verse supports the one who says that each Shevet is called Kahal - "Goy v'Kahal Amim Yihyeh Mimcha", and [only] Binyamin was not born yet.

(R. Chiya bar Ba): Just like they argue here [about Hora'ah], they argue about Tum'ah;

(Beraisa): If the Tzibur was half-Tahor and half Tamei, Tehorim do the first (offer Pesach in Nisan), and Temei'im do [Pesach] Sheni. R. Meir says so;

R. Shimon says, the Tehorim do [Pesach Rishon in Taharah] by themselves, and the Temei'im do by themselves [in Tum'ah].

Chachamim (to R. Shimon): Pesach is not done half-way! Either all do bt5, or all [who can, i.e. the Tehorim] do b'Taharah.

Who said so [to R. Shimon]? It is like R. Yehudah;

(Beraisa): If one of the Chalos [of Shtei ha'Lechem] or one of the Sedarim (six loaves of Lechem ha'Panim) became Tamei, R. Yehudah says, both of them are burned, for a Korban Tzibur is not divided.

Chachamim say, the Tamei is in its Tum'ah, and the Tahor is eaten.

(R. Yosi bei R. Bun citing R. Yochanan): Who said so [to R. Shimon, regarding Pesach]? It is Chachamim, who hold like R. Yehudah.

(Mishnah): If Beis Din ruled and seven Shevatim or the majority [of each of them] sinned based on them, Beis Din brings a Par. For idolatry, they bring a Par and a Sa'ir. R. Meir says so;

R. Yehudah says, the seven Shevatim that sinned brings seven Parim, and [each of] the other Shevatim that did not sin brings a Par for them, for even the Shevatim that did not sin bring a Par for the sinners;

R. Shimon says, eight Parim are brought, and for idolatry, eight Parim and eight Se'irim - a Par and Se'ir for each Shevet [that sinned] brings one, and a Par and Se'ir for Beis Din.

(Gemara - Beraisa - R. Shimon ben Elazar citing [R. Meir]): If six Shevatim sinned and they are the majority [of Yisrael], or seven, even if they are not the majority, they are liable [to bring a bull].

(R. Lazar): They said only if six [sinned] and they are the majority, but if five sinned, even if they are the majority, they are exempt.

Support (R. Yosi bei R. Bun - Beraisa): [The Korban is brought for] half the Shevatim, as long as they are the majority of the population, and similarly half the population, as long as they are the majority of the Shevatim.

(R. Yosi bei R. Bun): A question about a Kohen Mashi'ach - [we say below (2:1) that he is exempt for following] Hora'as Beis Din ha'Gadol. [Does the same apply to] Hora'as Beis Din Katan? (NO'AM YERUSHALMI - this belongs after the next Mishnah, which discusses Hora'ah of the Beis Din of a Shevet.)