1)

(a)According to ...

1. ... Rav, the Berachah of Sukah precedes that of Zman, - because the obligation of the day comes first.

2. ... Rabah bar bar Chanah, Zman precedes Sukah - because it is more common than Sukah (seeing as it is applicable on all the Yamim-Tovim).

(b)According to ...

1. ... Beis Shamai, Kidush precedes 'Borei Pri ha'Gafen' - because a. it is the day that causes the wine to be brought, and b. the day enters before the wine.

2. ... Beis Hillel, 'Borei Pri ha'Gafen' precedes Kidush - because a. it is the wine that causes Kidush to be recited, and b. wine is more common than Kidush.

(c)We initially suggest that Rav holds like Beis Shamai, and Rabah bar bar Chanah, like Beis Hillel - because Rav gives precedence to the Berachah over the day to that of wine even though it is more common (like Beis Shamai), whereas Rabah bar bar Chanah gives precedence to the wine, because it is more common (like Beis Hillel).

(d)We conclude however that it is possible for ...

1. ... Rav to hold like Beis Hillel - because, in his opinion, Beis Hillel's main reason is because it is the wine that causes Kidush to be recited (which is not the case by Sukah and Zman).

2. ... Rabah bar bar Chanah to hold like Beis Shamai - because in his opinion, Beis Shamai's main reason is the fact that the day causes the wine to be brought (whereas by Sukah, one would recite Zman over the day, even in the market-place, if he had no Sukah).

2)

(a)This leaves us with a Kashya on Rav from our Mishnah, where, by the distribution of the loaves, they would say to the Kohanim 'Heilech Matzah, Heilech Chametz' - giving Matzah precedence over Chametz (despite the fact that Chametz is the main obligation of the day), because it is more common!?

(b)Rav answers - that this is a Machlokes Tana'im in a Beraisa that he quotes. In fact, he explains, the Tana of our Mishnah follows the opinion of the Tana Kama of the Beraisa, whereas he follows the opinion of Aba Shaul in the Beraisa, according to whom they would say to the Kohen 'Heilech Chametz, Heilech Matzah'!

3)

(a)The Tana of our Mishnah states that the group whose turn it was to serve in the Beis Hamikdash brought 'Temidim, Nedarim and Nedavos, and the other Korbenos Tzibur, and they brought everything'.

1. 'The other Korbenos Tzibur' - comes to include the 'Par He'elam Davar shel Tzibur' and the goats of Avodah-Zarah.

2. 'And they brought everything' - comes to include the Kayitz ha'Mizbe'ach (Olos Nedavah that they would bring on the Mizbe'ach, particularly during the long summer days, when no other Korbanos were being brought on the Mizbe'ach throughout the day).

4)

(a)When the first day of Yom-Tov falls immediately after Shabbos, or when Shabbos falls immediately after Shemini Atzeres, the Tana rules that all the Kohanim receive an equal portion of Lechem ha'Panim - as a sort of compensation for their trouble, because in the former case they have no choice but to arrive before Shabbos, in order to be there for Yom-Tov; and in the latter case, they have no choice but to remain behind until Sunday.

(b)When the first day of Yom-Tov falls on Monday (in which case, they could arrive on Sunday) yet some Kohanim choose to arrive before Shabbos, or when the eighth day falls on Thursday (and they could leave on Friday), but some Kohanim choose to remain over Shabbos - the Kohanim who arrive early or who leave late, receive two loaves.

(c)On a regular Shabbos ...

1. ... according to the Tana Kama - the incoming group receive six loaves and so do the outgoing one.

2. ... according to Rebbi Yehudah - the incoming group receive seven loaves and the outgoing one, five.

5)

(a)The fact that the incoming group distributed their portion in the north, whereas the outgoing group distributed theirs in the south - indicates that the incoming group is more important.

(b)The North of the Azarah is more important than the south - because that is where Kodshei Kodshim are Shechted.

(c)The Chachamim penalized Bilgah in three regards: 1 They always distributed their portion of Lechem ha'Panim in the south - 2. Their ring was permanently fixed to the ground, so that it could not be turned to encircle the head of the animal during Shechitah, in order to keep it still, and they had to use the ring belonging to one of the other groups); 3. Their window (the opening in the wall of the room on the north of the Heichal where Bilgah would place their Shechitah-knives) was permanently blocked, and they were forced to use somebody else's window.

6)

(a)The words 'bein mi'Lefaneha, bein mi'Le'acharehah' (in the Mishnah 'Yom-Tov ha'Samuch l'Shabbos bein mi'Lefaneha, bein mi'Le'acharehah')cannot be understand literally - because then the Tana would be talking about Shabbos that falls in the middle of Yom-Tov, when all the group divide the Lechem ha'Panim equally, unconditionally (as we learned in the previous Mishnah).

7)

(a)Rebbi Yitzchak explains that, according to Rebbi Yehudah, the incoming group of Kohanim received two extra loaves of the Lechem ha'Panim - for closing the gates (since it was really the outgoing group, who opened them in the morning, who ought to have closed them).

(b)The outgoing group of Kohanim cannot point out to the incoming group that it is will be to their advantage to divide the Lechem ha'Panim equally, so that, in the following week they will be the outgoing group who will receive six loaves instead of only five - because 'a person prefers a small fresh pumpkin now to a large fully-grown one later ('a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush').

(c)According to Rav Yehudah, the Musaf is distributed equally among the two groups of Kohanim serving in the Beis Hamikdash that Shabbos (just like the Lechem ha'Panim).

8)

(a)On a regular Shabbos ...

1. ... the Tamid shel Shachar and the Musaf - is brought by the outgoing group of Kohanim ...

2. ... the Tamid shel Bein ha'Arbayim - by the incoming group.

(b)Even if the Musaf is divided among the two groups of Kohanim (like Rav Yehudah holds), this Tana does not say so - because he is not concerned with the distribution.

(c)Even though it is the outgoing group that brings the Musaf, the incoming group is able to partake of it - because they also participate in the Avodah, by constantly turning over the flesh with large forks, as it burns on the Mizbe'ach.

(d)We do not query this from our Mishnah, which mentions the division of the Lechem ha'Panim but not of the Musaf (like we queried it from the Beraisa)- because we could answer that the Tana only mentions the division of the Lechem ha'Panim on Shabbos there, because it discusses their division on Yom-Tov.

9)

(a)The Tana of the Beraisa d'Bei Shmuel repeats the Halachos that we just learned, adding that four Kohanim arrange the Lechem ha'Panim, two from each of the two groups.

(b)The two bowls of frankincense - are emptied on to the Mizbe'ach, at which point the Kohanim are permitted to eat the Lechem ha'Panim.

(c)The Beraisa ends with the words 've'Cholkin b'Lechem ha'Panim'- from which we see that this Tana is concerned with the distribution yet he does not say anything about the Musaf being distributed equally among the two groups. This is a conclusive proof that it is only the members of the outgoing group (who actually brought the Musaf, as we learned earlier) who received a portion, and not those of the incoming one (as Rav Yehudah maintains).

10)

(a)Chazal penalized the entire group of Bilgah, because of what Miriam bas Bilgah did ...

1. ... before the Greeks entered the Heichal - i.e. she converted out of the faith and married a Greek officer.

2. ... after the Greeks entered the Heichal - i.e. she kicked the Mizbe'ach and announced: 'Wolf, wolf (because a wolf tends to tear up its prey, and because the Zohar refers to the Mizbe'ach as a wolf [see also the Berachah of Binyamin in Vayechi], how long will you continue to devour the money of Yisrael and not help them when they are oppressed'?

(b)Alternatively, Chazal penalized Bilgah - because the entire group once arrived late for the Avodah.

(c)Yesheivav - the group that preceded them, continued to serve until Bilgah arrived.

(d)The fact that, after penalizing Bilgah, the Chachamim gave Yesheivav the right to distribute the Lechem ha'Pamin on the north side of the Azarah was unusual - because, due to the principle 'Woe to a Rasha, woe to his neighbor', the neighbor of a Rasha does not normally benefit from the Rasha's suffering.

11)

(a)Even though it was Miriam bas Bilgah who sinned, Chazal nevertheless saw fit to punish ...

1. ... her father - because a child who talks the way that she did, must have heard derogatory statements concerning the Avodah coming from the mouth of her parents.

2. ... all the members of that group - because of the principle (that we just quoted) 'Woe to a Rasha, woe to his neighbor'!

(b)We learn this principle from a house that has the signs of Tzara'as. The bricks concerned must be removed, even when the next-door neighbor shares the same wall; he too, is forced to suffer because he is the neighbor of a Rasha.

(c)And if a person must suffer because of his neighbor's evil deeds, then how much more so will he share in the reward of his good ones, because we have a principle that the reward for good deeds outweighs the punishment for bad ones. Hence the principle 'Tov la'Tzadik, Tov li'Shecheino'.