(a)During the first week of Avelus, says the Beraisa, an Avel may not leave his house. Which two changes take effect during the second week, when he goes to Shul?
(b)From the fourth week and onwards, he is like everybody else. What is his Din during the third week?
(c)According to Rebbi Yehudah, Chazal would not have needed to instruct an Avel not to leave his house during the first week, since people are visiting him all the time. In that case, what did they say?
1)
(a)During the first week of Avelus, says the Beraisa, an Avel may not leave his house. During the second week, when he goes to Shul - he changes his place and does not speak.
(b)From the fourth week and onwards, he is like everybody else. During the third week - he may return to his place in Shul, but is still not allowed to speak.
(c)According to Rebbi Yehudah, Chazal would not have needed to instruct an Avel not to leave his house during the first week, since people are visiting him all the time. What they really said, according to him - is what the Tana Kama said about the first, second, third weeks, but applied to the second third and fourth weeks respectively. According to Rebbi Yehudah, it is from the fifth week that the Avel is like everybody else.
2)
(a)For how long is a Bachur whose father or mother died forbidden to marry?
(b)According to the Tana Kama in the Beraisa, an Avel whose wife dies is forbidden to re-marry until after three Yamim-Tovim have passed. What does Rebbi Yehudah say?
(c)In the event that he has no children, he is permitted to re-marry straightaway, in order to fulfill the Mitzvah of 'Pru u'Revu'. What did Yosef ha'Kohen say to his deceased wife's sister immediately after his wife's burial?
(d)When did he actually marry her?
2)
(a)A Bachur whose father or mother died is forbidden to marry - until after the Sheloshim.
(b)According to the Tana Kama in the Beraisa, an Avel whose wife dies is forbidden to re-marry until after three Yamim Tovim have passed. According to Rebbi Yehudah - until after the second Yom Tov.
(c)In the event that he has no children, he is permitted to re-marry straightaway, in order to fulfill the Mitzvah of 'Pru u'Revu'. Immediately after his wife's burial, Yosef ha'Kohen asked his deceased wife's sister to come and look after her sister's children (i.e. to marry him).
(d)He actually married her - thirty days later.
3)
(a)The Tana Kama of the Beraisa forbids ironing, irrespective of whether the clothes are old or new. What does Rebbi say?
(b)Rebbi Elazar b'Rebbi Shimon is even more lenient. What does he say?
(c)When Abaye was an Avel, he went out during the Sheloshim with an old ironed coat (because he held like Rebbi). What did Rava do when he was an Avel? Like whom did he hold?
3)
(a)The Tana Kama of the Beraisa forbids ironing, irrespective of whether the clothes are old or new. Rebbi restricts the prohibition to new clothes.
(b)Rebbi Elazar b'Rebbi Shimon is even more lenient restricting the prohibition to - new clothes that are also white.
(c)When Abaye was an Avel, he went out during the Sheloshim with an old-ironed coat (like Rebbi). When Rava was an Avel - he went out with a new red shirt (like Rebbi Elazar b'Rebbi Shimon).
23b----------------------------------------23b
4)
(a)The Bnei Yehudah and the Bnei Galil argue over whether 'Yesh Avelus b'Shabbos' (i.e. things that are normally performed discreetly - see Tosfos DH 'Yesh') or not. How does the one prove that it does ...
1. ... from the fact that the Tana of our Mishnah says 'Shabbos Oleh'.
2. ... not?
(b)How does the ...
1. ... latter then explain the Tana's statement 'Oleh'?
2. ... former explain the statement 'Einah Mafsekes'?
4)
(a)The Bnei Yehudah and the Bnei Galil argue over whether 'Yesh Avelus b'Shabbos' (i.e. things that are normally performed discreetly - see Tosfos DH 'Yesh') or not. The one proves that it does ...
1. ... from the fact that the Tana of our Mishnah says 'Shabbos Oleh' - which means that Shabbos counts in the Shiv'ah, which is only possible if some of the Halachos apply on it.
2. ... not - from the fact that he says 'Einah Mafsekes', which would be obvious if some of the Dinim were applicable.
(b)The ...
1. ... latter opinion explains - that the Tana says 'Oleh' in the Reisha, only because he wants to add 'Einan Olin' (but not because he wants to teach us anything). And by the same token, the ...
2. ... former opinion explains - that the Tana says 'Einah Mafsekes' in the Reisha, only because he wants to say 'Mafsikin' in the Seifa.
5)
(a)In connection with the previous Machlokes, we cite another Beraisa, where the Tana Kama obligates an Onen on Shabbos to recite after-meal blessing and to participate in the Mezuman. How does Rebbi Yochanan interpret Raban Gamliel's statement there: 'Mitoch she'Nischayev b'Eilu, Nischayev b'Chulan'? What does 'b'Chulan' come to include?
(b)How do we initially interpret their Machlokes?
(c)We refute this suggestion however. Why might ...
1. ... the Tana Kama concede that (even though an Onen is forbidden to indulge in Tashmish ha'Mitah) an Avel is permitted?
2. ... Raban Gamliel concede that he is forbidden?
5)
(a)In connection with the previous Machlokes, we cite another Beraisa, where the Tana Kama obligates an Onen on Shabbos to Bentch and to participate in the Mezuman. Rebbi Yochanan explains that when Raban Gamliel says 'Mitoch she'Nischayev b'Eilu, Nischayev b'Chulan' - he is coming to include Tashmish ha'Mitah.
(b)We therefore suggest - that the Tana Kama holds 'Yesh Avelus b'Shabbos', and Raban Gamliel holds 'Ein Avelus b'Shabbos' (duplicating the Machlokes between the Bnei Yehudah and the Bnei Galil).
(c)We refute this suggestion however, in that ...
1. ... the Tana Kama may well concede that an Avel is permitted to indulge in Tashmish ha'Mitah - because his Mes is not lying in front of him (like he is in the case of an Onen); whereas ...
2. ... Raban Gamliel may well concede that he is forbidden to do so - because whereas, in the case of an Onen, Avelus has not yet come into effect, in the case of an Avel, it has.
6)
(a)The same Beraisa discusses other aspects of Aninus. Where, according to the Tana, should an Onen eat?
(b)What should he do if there is ...
1. ... no other room in the house to go?
2. ... no other house for him to go?
3. ... nothing with which to make a Mechitzah?
(c)What should he not ...
1. ... do whilst eating?
2. ... eat?
(d)Does he ...
1. ... recite a Berachah before or after eating?
2. ... participate in 'Mezuman'?
3. ... recite Keri'as Shema, Daven or put on Tefilin?
4. ... perform any other Mitzvas Aseh?
6)
(a)The same Beraisa discusses other aspects of Aninus. The Tana requires him to eat in another room (not in the room where the Mes is lying).
(b)If there is ...
1. ... no other room in the house for him to go - then he should eat in the house of a friend.
2. ... no other house for him to go - then he should out up a Mechitzah between him and the Mes.
3. ... nothing with which to make a Mechitzah - then he just turns round and eats.
(c)He should not ...
1. ... recline whilst eating.
2. ... eat meat or drink wine.
(d)He is forbidden to ...
1. ... recite a Berachah before or after eating.
2. ... participate in 'Mezuman'.
3. ... recite K'ri'as Shema, Daven or put on Tefilin.
