1)

SHI'URIM TO FORBID A MIXTURE (Yerushalmi Orlah Perek 1 Halachah 3 Daf 6a)

áøéëä ùðôñ÷ä.

(a)

(Mishnah): If the Breichah was cut off... (if they increased one part in 200, they are forbidden).

àîø øáé éåãï ìà ñåó ãáø áøéëä àìà àôéìå àéìï

(b)

(R. Yudan): This is not only a Breichah. Rather, even a tree [that was uprooted and replanted, if the fruits increased one part in 200, they are forbidden];

ãàîø øáé éñé áùí øáé éåçðï áöì ùò÷øå åùúìå ëéåï ùäùøéù îòùø ìôé ëåìå [ö"ì åëïî àîø - ôðé îùä] øáé çééä áùí øáé éåçðï áöì ùò÷øå åùúìå ëéåï ùäùøéù îòùø ìôé ëåìå

1.

(R. Yosi citing R. Yochanan): If an onion was uprooted and replanted, once it took root, Ma'aser is according to all of it. Also R. Chiyah citing R. Yochanan said that if an onion was uprooted and replanted, once it took root, Ma'aser is according to all of it;

ãìà úéñáåø îéîø àåó äëà ëï.

2.

Do not say that also here it is so (the fruits are forbidden immediately, even before they increase one part in 200. R. Yudan teaches that this is not so.)

çéìôéé ùàì ìøáé éåçðï åìøáé ùîòåï [ö"ì áï ì÷éù - ôðé îùä] úáì îäå ùéàñø áéåúø îîàúéí.

(c)

Question (Chilfai, to R. Yochanan and Reish Lakish): Do seasonings forbid [the food] more than 200 times [their own volume? Even though 'Tevel' is spelled with a Tes, it is as if it is with a Tov.]

à"ì àéï úáì áéåúø îîàúéí.

(d)

Answer (R. Yochanan and Reish Lakish): Seasonings do not [forbid] more than 200.

åäúðéðï ëì äîçîõ åäîúáì (åäîãîò) [ö"ì îãîò - âéøñú äøîá"í áîùðä á:ã].

(e)

Question (Mishnah): Anything that ferments or seasons, is Medame'a [regarding Terumah, and regarding Orlah or Kil'ai ha'Kerem, it forbids].

1.

Note: 'Medame'a' connotes a mixture of Terumah and Chulin. Our text 'veha'Medame'a' is difficult, for the Gemara will prove that the Mishnah discusses any amount. Medame'a forbids only up to 100! In one place in Nazir (6:9), the text says 'Medame'a' (without 'veha'), like the Rambam's text of the Mishnah (Orlah 2:4). The Mishnah means 'anything that ferments or seasons - it is Medame'a regarding Terumah (forbids to Zarim, if the fermenting agent or seasoning is Terumah), and regarding [a fermenting agent or seasoning of] Orlah or Kil'ai ha'Kerem, it forbids.

àéï úéîø ìîàä îàúéí

2.

Suggestion: [It means that] it forbids up to 100 (regarding Terumah) and 200 (regarding Orlah and Kil'ai ha'Kerem).

[ãó å òîåã á] [ãó éà òîåã á (òåæ åäãø)] àôéìå ìà çéîõ àôéìå ìà úéáì

3.

Rejection: Even if it did not ferment, and even if it did not season, it forbids up to 100 and 200!

àìà áòðáéí àðï ÷ééîéï.

(f)

Answer: Rather, [Chilfai's question and the answer] discusses grapes (which do not have such a potent taste. The Mishnah teaches that potent seasonings forbid more than 200.)

øáé éåñé áùí øáé éåçðï áùìà öî÷å àáì àí öî÷å éù úáì áéåúø îîàúéí.

(g)

Limitation (R. Yosi citing R. Yochanan): This is when [the grapes] did not become raisins, but if they became raisins, their seasoning is [potent, and forbids] more than 200.

øáé çééä áùí øáé éåçðï áùìà áéùìå àáì àí áéùìå éù úáì áéåúø îîàúéí.

(h)

Limitation (R. Chiyah citing R. Yochanan): This is when [the grapes] did not ripen, but if they ripened, their seasoning is [potent, and forbids] more than 200.

ø' éåñé áùí ø' éäåùò áï ìåé áùí ø' ôãéä ðåúðé èòîéí àçã [ö"ì îîàä - äøáä îôøùéí].

(i)

(R. Yosi citing R. Yehoshua ben Levi citing Bar Padiyah): All Nosenei Ta'am (matters that give taste, forbid only if they are at least) one part in 100 [of the mixture].

[ö"ì øáé çééä áùí øáé äåùòéä áï ìåé áùí áø ôãééä ëì ðåúðé èòîéí àçã - äøáä îôøùéí] îùùéí

(j)

(R. Chiyah citing R. Yehoshua ben Levi citing Bar Padiyah): All Nosenei Ta'am [forbid only if they are at least] one part in 60.

à"ø ùîåàì áø øá éöç÷ ìøáé çééà áø áà äà øáé éåñé ôìéâ [òìê] åîúðéúà ôìéâà òì úøéëåï. ëì äîçîõ åäîúáì (åäîãîò) [ö"ì îãîò áúøåîä åáòøìä åáëìàé äëøí àåñø - âéøñú äøîá"í áîùðä á:ã]

(k)

Question (R. Shmuel bar Rav Yitzchak, to R. Chiya bar Ba): R. Yosi argues with you, and a Mishnah argues with both of you! Anything that ferments or seasons, it is Medame'a regarding Terumah, and regarding Orlah or Kil'ai ha'Kerem, it forbids;

àéï úéîø ìîàä îàúéí àôéìå ìà çéîõ àôéìå ìà úéáì àìà áéåúø àðï ÷ééîéï.

1.

If you will say that it forbids up to 100 and 200, even if it did not ferment, and even if it did not season, [it forbids 100 and 200]! Rather, it forbids even more!

àîø øáé éøîéä úéôúø áùø ááùø.

(l)

Answer (R. Yirmeyah): [Bar Padyei] discusses [a mixture of forbidden] meat with meat. (However, seasonings can forbid more than 60 or 100.)

àîø øáé éåñé äéà áùø ááùø äéà ùàø ëì äàéñåøéï

(m)

(R. Yosi): Meat with meat and all other Isurim are the same. (If they are not made to give taste, they forbid until 60 or 100.)

ãàîø øáé àáäå áùí øáé éåçðï ëì äàéñåøéï îùòøéï àåúï (ëéìå ëï) [ö"ì ëàìå äï áöì å÷ôìåè - ø' ùîùåï úøåîåú ä:è]

1.

(R. Avahu citing R. Yochanan): All Isurim [that fell into Heter Min b'Mino, we are stringent, and] we estimate as if an onion or leek [the size of the Isur fell into the Heter. If it would give taste, the mixture is forbidden.]

îéé ëãåï [ãó éá òîåã à (òåæ åäãø)] ääï àîø ðåúðé èòîéí àçã îîàä åääï àîø ðåúðé èòîéí àçã îùùéí.

(n)

Question: Why [do they argue] - some say that Nosenei Ta'am [forbid only up to] one part in 100, and some say that Nosenei Ta'am [forbid only up to] one part in 60?

îàï ãàîø ðåúðé èòîéí àçã îùùéí àú òåùä àú äæøåò àçã îùùéí áàéì. åîàï ãàîø àçã îîàä àú òåùä àú äæøåò àçã îîàä áàéì.

(o)

Answer: (Both of them learn from Eil Nazir.) The one who says that Nosenei Ta'am [forbid up to] one part in 60, you consider the Zero'a one part in 60 of the ram. The one who says one part in 100, you consider the Zero'a one part in 100 of the ram. (This is the source. Yisraelim may eat the ram, for the Zero'a was too small to give taste to it);

îàï ãàîø àçã îîàä àú îåöéà äòöîåú îäæøåò åî"ã àçã îùùéí àéï àú îåöéà àú äòöîåú îï äæøåò.

1.

The one who says one part in 100, you remove the bones from the Zero'a (for they do not give taste; the meat of the Zero'a is one part in 100 of the ram). The one who says one part in 60, you do not remove the bones from the Zero'a.

åëùí ùàú îåöéà àú äòöîåú îï äæøåò ëê äåöéàí îï äàéì.

2.

Question: [According to the first opinion,] just like you remove the bones from the Zero'a (for they do not give taste, for the same reason) you should remove the bones from the ram [and calculate based on only the meat]!

ìéú éëéì ãúðé àéï èéðåôú ùì úøåîä îöèøôú òí äúøåîä ìàñåø àú äçåìéï àáì èéðåôú ùì çåìéï îöèøôú òí äçåìéï ìäòìåú àú äúøåîä.

3.

Answer: You cannot say so, for it was taught that the waste of Terumah (e.g. bran) does not join to with Terumah to forbid Chulin, but the waste of Chulin joins with Chulin to be Mevatel Terumah.

øá áéáé áòé èéðåôú ùì úøåîä îäå ùúöèøó òí äçåìéï ìäòìåú àú äúøåîä.

(p)

Question (Rav Bivi): Does waste of Terumah join with Chulin to be Mevatel Terumah?

îï îä ãàîø øá çåðà ÷ìéôé àéñåø îöèøôú ìäéúø äãà àîøä èéðåôú ùì úøåîä îöèøôú òí äçåìéï ìäòìåú àú äúøåîä.

(q)

Answer: Since Rav Chuna said that peels of Isur join to permit, this shows that the waste of Terumah joins with Chulin to be Mevatel Terumah.

úðé øáé çééä ëì îä ùàñøúé ìê áî÷åí àçø äúøúé ìê ëàï.

(r)

(R. Chiyah - Beraisa): All that I forbade to you elsewhere, I permitted to you here;

ìôé ùáëì î÷åí îàä àñåø îàä åòåã îåúø áøí äëà àôéìå îàä îåúø

1.

Everywhere [else], 100 [times as much mixture as Isur] is forbidden, and more than 100 is permitted. Here, even 100 is permitted.

(åúåá - ø"ù ñéøéìéå, äâø"à îåç÷å) àí äåñéó áîàúéí àñåø.

(s)

(Mishnah): If [the fruits] increased one part in 200, they are forbidden.

[ãó éá òîåã á (òåæ åäãø)] ãáéú ø' éðàé îùòøéï ëäãéï éøáåæä

(t)

People of R. Yanai's academy estimated [the increase] via (an herb called) Yarvuzah.

ëéöã äåà éåãò

(u)

Question: How does he know [the increase via Yarvuzah]?

øá áéáé áùí ø' çðéðà ìå÷è àçã åîðéç (àçã - äâø"à îåç÷å) îä ùæä ôåçú æä îåñéó:

(v)

Answer (Rav Bivi citing R. Chanina): He detaches one [Yarvuzah] and leaves it. What this [detached Yarvuzah] decreases, [in this time] this (the fruits) increases. (We explained this like HA'GAON RAV C. KANIEVSKY, SHLITA.)