(Mishnah - R. Yehudah): The area enclosed may be up to Beis Sa'atayim.

Chachamim: Beis Sa'atayim is the limit for [areas that are not Hukaf l'Dirah (surrounded for residential needs), such as] a garden or Karfef (an enclosed area without a roof);

However, if there was a Dir (a field where one grazes animals to fertilize it), Sahar (a Dir in the city) Rechavah (a Chatzer in back of houses) or Chatzer, even five Beis Korim or 10 Beis Korim are permitted. (These are Hukaf l'Dirah.)

One may distance as much as desired, on condition that he increases Pasim.

(Gemara) Question: Does the well count towards the Sa'atayim?

Answer: We learn from the following [Tosefta]. R. Shimon ben Elazar says, a well that is Sa'atayim, one may distance [the Pasim] from it only the head and majority of a cow. This shows that the well counts towards the Sa'atayim.

(Mishnah - R. Yehudah): If Reshus ha'Rabim passes through the Pasim, it must be diverted;

Chachamim say, there is no need for this.

Pasim permit a public well or pit, or a private well. However, for a private pit, one makes a [standard] Mechitzah 10 Tefachim [tall, all around]. R. Akiva says so;

R. Yehudah ben Bava says, we make Pasim only for a public well. For anything else, one erects a belt 10 Tefachim tall.

(Gemara) Question (R. Yochanan): R. Yehudah contradicts himself! A Mishnah (9:5) teaches that bridges [whose sides descend and make walls] Mefulashim, one may carry under them on Shabbos. R. Yehudah says so. Chachamim forbid.

Answer (R. Elazar): He does not contradict himself;

(R. Yirmeyah): R. Elazar holds like Rav Yehudah;

(Rav Yehudah): [R. Yehudah] permits carrying under bridges Mefulashim to a valley, but if they are Mefulashim to Reshus ha'Rabim, it is forbidden.

Question (R. Yosah): Everywhere [else], R. Elazar relies on R. Chiyah Ruba, [but here he opposes him]!

(R. Chiyah - Beraisa): How do we permit [Mavo'os Mefulashos to] Reshus ha'Rabim? R. Yehudah says, he puts a Lechi on this end and a Lechi on this end, or a Korah on this end and a Korah on this end. Chachamim say, he puts a Lechi or a Korah on this end, and makes Tzuras ha'Pesach on the other end.

Summation of Question: And here, R. Elazar says so [that R. Yehudah permits only to a valley, but not to Reshus ha'Rabim]?!

Answer: Here (R. Chiyah taught that R. Yehudah permits to Reshus ha'Rabim) when the breach is at most 10 [Amos]. Here (in our Mishnah), the breach is [more than 10, and at most] 13 [and a third Amos].

Question: The words of [the following] Rabanan are unlike this!

(R. Acha): R. Hoshayah asked [my] father "how much can the breach of a Mavuy be according to R. Yehudah [and a Lechi or Korah suffices]?''

And here, you say so [that R. Yehudah does not permit more than 10]?!

Answer (Rabanan of Kisarin): There (a breached Mavuy), Omed Merubah Al ha'Parutz. Here (Pasei Bira'os), Parutz Merubah Al ha'Omed.

Question: What is the difference between a public pit and a private pit?

Answer #1: A public pit has a Kol (publicity that the Pasim are to permit carrying there). A private pit has no Kol.

Objection: If so, even for [an individual's] well, we should forbid]!

Answer #2: A public pit, it is rare that its water dries up. A private pit, its water is prone to dry up [and he will carry even when there is no Heter - PNEI MOSHE].

(R. Yakov bar Acha citing Amram citing Rav Yehudah citing Shmuel): The Halachah follows R. Yehudah ben Bava.

Support (R. Yehudah, the father of R. Matanyah - Beraisa): We make Pasim for wells, and not for pits.

Question (Mishnah): However, for a private pit, one makes a Mechitzah 10 Tefachim tall. R. Akiva says so. (This implies that R. Akiva explains the first Tana. If so, presumably, the Halachah follows him!)

Answer: [No, R. Akiva argues with the first Tana, and adds that Pasim permit also] a public pit [as well as a public well, and also a private well. This implies that] according to [the first Tana,] we make Pasim only for a public well [like R. Yehudah ben Bava says. We explained this like MEICHAL HA'MAYIM.]