Question: If Reuven left his barrel in Reshus ha'Rabim, and Shimon came and put another next to it (Reuven's is stopping Shimon's from rolling) and Reuven comes to take his - if he will take it from here and put it here, he made a Bor!

Rather, he takes a stick and breaks it - or, should he pass over it, and if it breaks, it breaks?

Answer: We learn from the following [Beraisa]. If Levi's ox came upon Yehudah's ox to kill it, and Yehudah removed his ox from underneath, or the ox removed itself and Levi's ox fell and died, Yehudah is exempt. If [Yehudah] pushed it and it fell and died, he is liable.

Inference (R. Yosi): We learn from this that if one saw a water channel flooding and coming into his field - before the water enters his field, he may divert it to elsewhere. Once it entered his field, he may not divert it to elsewhere.

The king's appointee to collect a certain amount from the city - before the appointee comes, [the city leader] may tell [the king] 'Ploni did my work, Almoni did my work' (they are Aniyim; do not impose on them to give). Once the appointee came, he may not say so (for now all are obligated; exempting Ploni and Almoni will increase the amount that others must give.)

The king's appointee to assign how many soldiers will lodge in each house - before he comes, one may bribe him [not to quarter soldiers in his house]. Once he came, he may not. (We explained this like MAHARA FULDA.)

Question: If one left his rock in Reshus ha'Rabim, and another came and left his next to it, and someone came and tripped on one and got hurt on the other, who is liable - the first or the second?

Answer: We learn from the following [Beraisa]. If an ox pushed another ox and it fell into a pit, the ox's owner is liable, and the owner of the pit is exempt;

R. Nasan says, if [the ox that pushed] is Mu'ad, this one pays half and this one pays half. If it is Tam, the owner of the pit pays two portions [out of four, i.e. half] and the ox's owner pays a quarter (half of his share).

Note: The first Tana exempts Ba'al ha'Bor, for if not for the ox that pushed, it would not have fallen in. Also here, the owner of the first rock pays everything. R. Nasan holds that they are partners in the damage, and each pays half. 'Tam' does not apply to a pit.

(R. Chanina): The [Seifa of the] Beraisa should say that, the owner of the pit pays three portions [out of four] and the ox's owner pays a quarter. (What the victim cannot collect from one damager, he collects from the other.)

Question: If one left his rock in Reshus ha'Rabim, and the wind came and blew it to Reshus ha'Yachid, and another came and tripped on it, is [the owner] liable for his damage?

Question: If one left his rock in Reshus ha'Rabim, and another came and tripped on it and cast it to Reshus ha'Yachid, and another came and tripped on it, is [the owner] liable for damage [to the second? These questions are not resolved.]

(R. Yochanan): If one left his rock and load in Reshus ha'Rabim, and another came and tripped on them, and his flask was in his hand, whether he tripped on the rock and banged onto the ground, or he banged onto the rock and (i.e. because he) tripped on the ground, he is liable for damage to the person and exempt for damage to his flask.

Inference: R. Yochanan's teaching shows that a pit that is liable for damage, is exempt for Kelim.

Distinction: If it crashed [against the rock] in the way of crashing (e.g. while he was carrying it, and not through falling), he is liable [even] for damage to the flask.