(Mishnah): We may eat Arai from a dough until she kneads, if it is of wheat, or does Timtum (makes it one mass) if it is of barley. If she kneaded [dough] of wheat, or did Timtum [dough] of barley, one who eats from it is Chayav Misah [bi'Ydei Shamayim].

Once she put the water, she may separate Chalah, as long as there are not five Reva'im of flour [that did not mix with the water].

(Gemara - Mishnah): We may eat Arai from a dough...

(R. Chagai): We learned only Arai, but Kavin (to split the dough into smaller doughs, each less than the Shi'ur of Chalah) is forbidden, for this is like one who schemes to exempt it from Chalah. (It is a large amount to eat, but slightly less than the Shi'ur of Chalah.)

Rebuttal (R. Yosi): If this is the reason, you cannot learn from here at all [to forbid]. Even if he takes two or three cakes from it, since it is something not Gamur (its processing was not finished - GILYONEI HA'SHAS), it is permitted;

(R. Yosi citing R. Ze'ira citing R. Lazar): [If one took from the winepress in a flask to drink,] even what is in the flask is not Tevel, for he will return [the wine remaining after he drinks] to something not Gamur!

The following [Mishnah is the source to forbid making it Kavin]. One who cannot make his dough in Taharah, he makes it Kavin (BEIS YOSEF);

Inference: This is because he cannot [make it b'Taharah], but if he can no. This teaches that one may not make his dough Kavin (unless there is Ones. This is unlike taking from the winepress, for here it looks more like scheming. We explained this like GILYONEI HA'SHAS.)

For all other matters [than wheat and barley], you follow Timtum. (After that, it is Tevel.)

Question: If one made a dough of wheat and barley, what do you follow - kneading or Timtum? (We explained this like GRA.)

(R. Hoshayah's Beraisa): [The Chiyuv of] Chalah is like Gavlul (kneading a little - GILYONEI HA'SHAS).

(R. Lazar citing R. Hoshayah): It is after she makes Gavlulin Gavlulin (small pieces).

Question (Mishnah): After kneading of wheat, or Timtum of barley. Does [R. Hoshayah] argue [with our Mishnah?! We explained this like SHA'AREI TORAS ERETZ YISRAEL.]

Answer: (No.) Here (R. Hoshayah) is l'Halachah (mid'Rabanan), Here (our Mishnah) is Torah law.

(Beraisa - R. Yehudah ben Beseira): It is obligated from when it is made cakes (after it is fully kneaded).

Question: What is R. Yehudah ben Beseira's reason?

Answer: "Ki'Serumas Goren Ken Tarimu Osah'' - just like Terumas Goren (Terumah Gedolah) is from Gamur (after final processing), also this (Chalah) is from Gamur. (RASHBA (Piskei Chalah Sha'ar 4) - also R. Yehudah ben Beseira learns from "Reishis Arisoseichem'' that the Chiyuv begins once water is put on the flour. It was enacted to separate immediately for a Tahor dough, and after kneading if it is Tamei. Chachamim hold that in both cases, the primary separation is only after kneading.)

Question: If so, it should be [obligated in Chalah only] after it is baked!

Answer (R. Matanyah): It is equated to Terumas Goren only for the Melachah of making a dough.

(R. Yosi citing Reish Lakish): [Our Mishnah says that once she put the water, she may separate Chalah. It] is like R. Akiva;

(Mishnah): If one takes Chalah from a Kav, R. Akiva says, it is Chalah (even though a full Shi'ur was not kneaded. Also here, he allows separating before the full Shi'ur was kneaded.) Chachamim say, it is not Chalah.

Rebuttal: R. Akiva said only that b'Di'eved [it is Chalah]. Did he say l'Chatchilah [that one may separate from a Kav]?! Here we discuss l'Chatchilah [separating once she put the water]!