Explanation: This is why they said Hallel ha'Gadol before eating and drinking (for they often get drunk).

Our custom: We say [Hallel ha'Gadol, i.e. Tehilim 136 Hodu la'Shem Ki Tov..., on Shabbos] in Pesukei d'Zimra in Shacharis.

This is only in Pesukei d'Zimra before Tefilah. At the time of Tefilah (Tif'eres Yisrael - when it is said after we requested and we were answered), we say it only amidst satiation and a full stomach.

Explanation: This refers to Chanukah. We do not find another Yom Tov with Hallel without a Korban Musaf.

Note: Tosfos connotes that Musaf itself overrides the Ma'amad of Shacharis. However, this is unlike both Tana'im in a Beraisa (28b)! We must say that Tosfos explains why we did not say "every day that has Hallel and Musaf", rather, we needed to teach the law of days with only Hallel but not Musaf.

Explanation: On a day when they offer Musaf, there is no Ne'ilah, for they are occupied with Musaf, and they have no time to say Ne'ilah.

Note: Our text of the Mishnah says Ein b'Ne'ilah, which connotes that there is Tefilas Ne'ilah, but there is no Ma'amad then. Tosfos' text is "Ein Bo Ne'ilah", which connotes that that day, we omit the Tefilah. See also the next Tosfos.

Explanation: Until Minchah they are occupied with Korban Etzim. However, there is Ne'ilah, for they did not delay so long until the time of Ne'ilah, for Ben Azai said [in the name of...]

Note: Tosfos' text says "Ein Bo Minchah", i.e. Tefilas Minchah. On 28a, the Gemara says that Korban Etzim is not Docheh Minchah because Minchah is mid'Oraisa. Tosfos did not say that even though the Ma'amad is mid'Rabanan, the Tefilah it accompanies is mid'Oraisa. I.e. he holds that Musaf overrides Tefilas Minchah. Also Meleches Shlomo on the Mishnah (4:4) says so.

Explanation: [They decreed] even on a fast day, when there is no intoxication.

Question: Here the Gemara connotes that intoxication applies at Minchah. In Shabbos (10a), we explicitly say that intoxication does not apply at Minchah!

Answer: We say there that intoxication does not apply at Minchah, i.e. regarding Ma'ariv intoxication of Minchah is no problem. Intoxication is more common in Ma'ariv than in Minchah!

Really, intoxication applies at Minchah, [more than] regarding Shacharis and Musaf [which Rabanan did not decree about].

Reference: We explained this in Rosh Hashanah (15b DH v'Chi).

Consequence: Therefore, the custom is not to say Birkas Kohanim at Minchah on Yom Kipur, because we pray Minchah early.

Distinction: However, at Minchah on other fasts there is Birkas Kohanim. In any case, in Ne'ilah on Yom Kipur there is Birkas Kohanim.