[68a - 41 lines; 68b - 27 lines]
1)[line 2]כשחלה רבי אליעזרK'SHE'CHALAH REBBI ELIEZER- when Rebbi Eliezer became ill
2)[line 3]בקינוףKINUF- a four-post bed (Sukah 10a)
3)[line 4]בטרקליןTERAKLIN- the main room
4)[line 5]גער בו, ויצא בנזיפהGA'AR BO, V'YATZA BI'NEZIFAH- [Rebbi Eliezer] reprimanded him, and he left in disgrace
5)[line 6]אמר להן לחבריוAMAR LAHEN L'CHAVERAV- he (the son) said to [Rebbi Eliezer's] colleagues
6)[line 7]דעתו [מיושבת], ודעת אמו נטרפה!DA'ATO [MEYUSHEVES,] V'DA'AS IMO NITREFAH- his (Rebbi Eliezer's) reason [is functioning, but] that of his mother (the wife of Rebbi Eliezer) is disturbed! (Girsa of HAGAHOS HA'BACH)
7a)[line 8]היאך מניחין איסור סקילה...HEI'ACH MANICHIN ISUR SEKILAH...- how can they disregard a Shabbos prohibition punishable by Sekilah (e.g. lighting the candles)…
b)[line 9]... ועוסקין באיסור שבות?...V'OSEKIN B'ISUR SHEVUS?- ... and involve themselves with [preventing] a Shevus? (a mid'Rabanan Shabbos prohibition — see Background to Shabbos 94:26. Wearing of Tefilin on Shabbos, even into the Reshus ha'Rabim, is not a Melachah — RASHI.)
8)[line 10]וישבו לפניו מרחוק ארבע אמותYA'YESHVU L'FANAV ME'RACHOK ARBA AMOS- they sat before him at a distance of four Amos. The Gemara in Bava Metzia 59b records that Rebbi Eliezer was put in Nidui (banishment) by his colleagues after arguing forcefully against his colleagues regarding a Halachic matter and refusing to accept the opinion of the majority.
9)[line 13]תמיה אני אם ימותו מיתת עצמןTAMI'AH ANI IM YAMUSU MISAS ATZMAN- I would be astonished if they die a normal death
10a)[line 18]הרבה תורה למדתיHARBEH TORAH LAMADTI- I learned much Torah
b)[line 18]והרבה תורה לימדתיV'HARBEH TORAH LIMADTI- I taught much Torah
11a)[line 19]ולא חסרתי מרבותיV'LO CHASARTI ME'RABOSAI- I did not diminish [the gap between the extent of my knowledge and that] of my teachers (RASHI)
b)[line 20]אפילו ככלב המלקק מן היםAFILU K'KELEV HA'MELAKEK MIN HA'YAM- even as a dog laps up from the sea
12)[line 22]כמכחול בשפופרתK'MAKCHOL BI'SHEFOFERES- like a brush [removes from] inside the tube [of eye-shadow]
13)[line 23]בבהרת עזהBAHERES AZAH - an intensely white Baheres (TZARA'AS / NEGA'IM)
(a)Nig'ei Basar refer to a blemish of Tzara'as that affects normal skin. It appears as a white blotch of one of four bright shades of white, sometimes with some red mixed in. Because of the difference in the refraction of sunlight into the eye, a white blotch on the skin may appear as a depression in the skin. The names and colors of these four types of marks are 1. Baheres, which is the color of snow; 2. Se'es, which is the color of clean, white newborn lamb's wool; 3. Sapachas of Baheres, which is the color of the plaster used to whitewash the Beis ha'Mikdash; 4. Sapachas of Se'es, which is the color of the white membrane found on the inside of an egg.
(b)For a detailed description of the Halachos of a Metzora, a person afflicted with Tzara'as, see Bava Metzia 86:29. For a full discussion of the process by which a Metzora becomes Tahor, see Background to Kidushin 35:24.
14)[line 26]בנטיעת קשואיןNETI'AS KISHUIN- [the laws regarding] planting a field of gourds [using forbidden sorcery]
15)[line 29]למדני בנטיעת קשואיןLAMEDENI BI'NETI'AS KISHU'IN- teach me [what means of sorcery would be liable for] planting a field of gourds. The Gemara at the end of this Amud will ask why this demonstration was permissible.
16a)[line 32]הכדורKADUR- a ball [of leather, stuffed with rams' wool]
b)[line 32](והאמוס) [והאימום]IMUM- a shoe-maker's mold
c)[line 32]והקמיעKAME'A- an amulet
d)[line 32]וצרור המרגליותTZEROR HA'MARGALIYOS- a pouch of pearls (hung on an animal's neck for medicinal purposes —RASHI)
e)[line 32]ומשקולת קטנהMISHKOLES KETANAH- a small weight [wrapped to prevent scratches]
f)[line 33]מהו?MAHU?- what is their Halachah [regarding Tum'ah and Taharah]? A leather utensil is only susceptible to Tum'ah if it has a Beis Kibul, a receptacle. The utensils listed here are meant to be filled or stuffed permanently; the Chachamim were asking if these utensils are still deemed to have a Beis Kibul. Additionally, when such a utensil tears open (and can now contract Tum'ah even according to the Chachamim), it must be determined if the stuffing is an integral part of the utensil, or if it must be emptied out from the casing prior to immersion. Rebbi Eliezer and the Chachamim had already disputed these issues; the Chachamim were inquiring as to whether Rebbi Eliezer still held of his previous opinions.
17a)[line 33]טמאיןTEME'IN- they are susceptible to Tum'ah
b)[line 33]וטהרתן במה שהןV'TAHARASAN B'MAH SHE'HEN- and their purification may be as-is [i.e. even if torn open, see previous entry]
18)[line 33]מנעל שעל גבי (האמוס) [האמום]... טהורMIN'AL SHE'AL GABEI HA'IMUM... TAHOR- a shoe that [remains] on the shoe-maker's mold [but has otherwise been completed]... is Tahor (according to Rebbi Eliezer, for it still lacks Gemar Melachah)
19)[line 35]הותר הנדר, הותר הנדר!HUTAR HA'NEDER, HUTAR HA'NEDER!- the vow is annulled, the vow is annulled (i.e. the vow of banishment that had been pronounced upon him — see entry #8 above)
20)[line 36]היה מכה בבשרו עד שדמו שותת לארץHAYAH MAKEH BI'VESARO AD SHE'DAMO SHOSES LA'ARETZ- he was hitting himself until his blood trickled down to the ground (as to why this was permissible, see TOSFOS here and to Yevamos 13b DH d'Amar Rachmana)
21)[line 37]"[וֶאֱלִישָׁע רֹאֶה וְהוּא מְצַעֵק] אָבִי אָבִי רֶכֶב יִשְׂרָאֵל וּפָרָשָׁיו...""... AVI, AVI, RECHEV YISRAEL U'FARASHAV..."- "[And as Elisha beheld, he screamed out,] 'Father, Father, chariot and horsemen of Yisrael!...'" (Melachim II 2:12).
22)[line 37]הרבה מעות יש לי, ואין לי שולחני להרצותןHARBEH MA'OS YESH LI, V'EIN LI SHULCHANI L'HARTZOSAN- I have many coins, and I have no money-changer to evaluate them (i.e., I have many questions, and no one to whom to ask them)
23)[line 38]אלמא, מרבי אליעזר גמרה!ALMA, ME'REBBI ELIEZER GAMRAH!- [The Gemara now returns to its question from line 1:] this means that he (Rebbi Akiva) learned it from Rebbi Eliezer!
24)[line 39]ואסברה ניהליהASBERAH NIHALEI- he explained it to him
25)[line 40]להתלמד שאניL'HISLAMED SHA'ANI- to cause [a student] to understand is different
26)[line 40]"... לֹא תִלְמַד לַעֲשׂוֹת [כְּתוֹעֲבֹת הַגּוֹיִם הָהֵם... קֹסֵם קְסָמִים מְעוֹנֵן וּמְנַחֵשׁ וּמְכַשֵּׁף]""LO SILMAD LA'ASOS [K'SO'AVOS HA'GO'YIM HA'HEM...]"- "...Do not learn to act [like the abominations of those nations... one who uses divinations, a Me'onen, or a reader of omens, or a sorcerer]" (Devarim 18: 9-10).
68b----------------------------------------68b
PEREK #8 BEN SORER U'MOREH
27)[line 1]בן סורר ומורהBEN SORER U'MOREH - the "wayward and rebellious son"
(a)A boy can become a Ben Sorer u'Moreh (Devarim 21:18-21) from the time that he shows signs of puberty (when two hairs grow) until he reaches a further stage of development (approximately three months later). He must steal money from his father and buy 50 Dinars' weight of meat, eating it rare outside his father's property and in bad company. He must also drink half a log (5 oz.) of wine with the meal. It is therefore forbidden for a boy of this age to eat such a meal at any time (Sefer ha'Mitzvos, Lo Sa'aseh #195).
(b)A Ben Sorer u'Moreh is punished with Sekilah (stoning). Rebbi Yosi ha'Glili explains that since he is running after worldly pleasures, he will eventually deplete all of his father's possessions, and when there is nothing left, he will stand at a crossroads and steal from people. It is better to kill him when he is young and has few sins than to let him live and die a wicked man (Sanhedrin 72a).
(c)The Gemara (Sanhedrin 68b-72a) learns that there are additional conditions necessary to become a Ben Sorer u'Moreh, which are so numerous and intricate that according to one opinion (71a), it is unfeasible for this punishment ever to be executed.
28)[line 2]ועד שיקיף זקןAD SHE'YAKIF ZAKAN- until the "beard" encompasses
29)[line 3]שדברו חכמים בלשון נקיהDIBERU CHACHAMIM B'LASHON NEKIYAH- the Sages spoke using refined expression (see Pesachim 3a)
30)[line 4]"כִּי יִהְיֶה לְאִישׁ בֵּן [סוֹרֵר וּמוֹרֶה, אֵינֶנּוּ שֹׁמֵעַ בְּקוֹל אָבִיו וּבְקוֹל אִמּוֹ; וְיִסְּרוּ אֹתוֹ, וְלֹא יִשְׁמַע אֲלֵיהֶם]""KI YIHEYEH L'ISH BEN [SORER U'MOREH, EINENU SHOME'A B'KOL AVIV UV'KOL IMO; V'YISERU OSO, V'LO YISHMA ALEIHEM]"- "If a man should have a son [who is wayward and rebellious, he does not hearken to the voice of his father and his mother; and they chastise him, and he will not listen to them]" (Devarim 21:18). The Gemara will interpret this phrase as, "As a boy becomes a man."
31a)[line 10]על חטאו נהרג?AL CHET'O NEHERAG?- is he executed for his sin?
b)[line 10]על שם סופו נהרג!AL SHEM SOFO NEHERAG!- he is executed for what he will end up to be! (see 71b - 72a)
32)[line 14]בן הסמוך לגבורתו של אישBEN HA'SAMUCH LI'GEVURASO SHEL ISH- a boy who is close to the full potency (i.e. physical maturity) of a man
33)[line 16]עטרהATARAH- the "crown" of the male organ
34)[line 16]הקפת גיד, ולא הקפת ביציםHAKAFAS GID, V'LO HAKAFAS BEITZIM- [this means] the encompassing of the organ, and not of the testicles
35a)[line 17]קטן שהוליד...KATAN SHE'HOLID...- a minor who fathered a child...
b)[line 18]אין בנו נעשה בן סורר ומורה...EIN BENO NA'ASEH BEN SORER U'MOREH- ... that child may not [later] be deemed a Ben Sorer u'Moreh
36)[line 25]"וְאִם אֵין לָאִישׁ גּוֹאֵל [לְהָשִׁיב הָאָשָׁם אֵלָיו הָאָשָׁם הַמּוּשָׁב לַה' לַכֹּהֵן...]""V'IM EIN LA'ISH GO'EL..."- "And if the man has no relative [to whom to return the debt, then the debt being returned shall be for HaSh-m, for the Kohen...]" (Bamidbar 5:8).
37)[last line]בגזל הגרGEZEL HA'GER
If someone (a) steals or otherwise denies money from a Ger who has no descendants (and therefore no legal relatives) and (b) swears falsely to the Ger denying the theft, then (c) later, after the Ger dies, admits to the theft, he must return the value of the stolen object and the added fifth to the Kohanim.