Chachamim says that in Yehudah they would do Melachah on Erev Pesach until noon and in Galil they would not do so even the entire day.

During the night of the 14th, Beis Shammai says that it is prohibited and Beis Hillel permit it until daybreak.

We can deduce from the Mishnah that the daytime of the 14th is prohibited. What is the source for this? R. Elazar quoting R. Hoshia says that the Pasuk states, "it is Pesach for Hashem'' (even the day of sacrificing the Korban Pesach).

( R. Yaakov bar Acha quoting R. Yochanan/R. Illa quoting R. Elazar): (Coming to resolve why the earlier Mishnah refers to a custom to refrain from melacha on Erev Pesach but this Mishnah refers to a prohibition to do so) - these Mishnayos were taught by two different people.

(R. Zeira): There are in fact three opinions - one says it is prohibited, one says it is permitted and one says it is the custom to refrain.

(Mishnah - R. Meir): Any melacha started before the 14th may be completed on the 14th, but one may not start melacha on the 14th even if it can be completed that day.

(Chachamim): Three types of workers may do melacha on Erev Pesach - tailors, barbers and launderers.

(R. Yosi ben R. Yehuda): Even shoemakers.

(Gemara): The Mishnah only permits completing melacha if it is needed for the festival; but one may not start a melacha on the 14th, even if it is needed for the festival.

Explanation of Chachamim: The Chachamim said that three types of workers may do melacha on Erev Pesach - tailors, as a non-professional may sew on Chol HaMoed; barbers, as Nazirim and Metzoraim may have their hair cut during the festival; launderers, as those that purify themselves launder during the festival.

Explanation of R. Yosi ben R.Yehuda: He says that even shoemakers may do melacha as those that travel to Yerushalayim fix their shoes and sandals during the festival.

However the Rabanan (Chachamim) disagree as the people are rich and ride to Yerushalayim on animals.

(Mishnah): One can seat hens on eggs (for brooding) on the 14th.

If a [brooding] hen escaped, one may return it to its place and if it died, one can seat another hen in its place.

One may sweep under the legs of an animal on the 14th; and during the festival, one may (only) move it to the sides. One may take and bring back vessels from a craftsman, even if they are not needed for the festival.

Inference (Gemara): However, to put eggs under hens on the festival (Chol HaMoed) is prohibited.

(Beraisa): One may not mount a [male onto a female] animal on the festival, but one may lead a she-donkey to the pen (of the male). R. Yehudah says that a she-donkey who is "demanding'' (desirous of relations with) a male, one may mount [the male onto it], to prevent it from cooling down (and dying). However, for other animals, one may only lead them to the pen. One may blood-let a person or an animal on the festival, and one does not hold back from healing a person or an animal on the festival.

(The Mishnah had taught): If a [brooding] hen escaped, one may return it to its place - this applies when they returned it within three days of its rebelling.

(The Mishnah had taught): If it died, one may seat another hen in its place - this applies when the first hen had already sat on the egg for three days (as the egg will go to waste if the hen is not replaced, since it is no longer edible).

Support (R. Mana): Our Mishnah supports this - the 13th, the 14th and the 15th have already passed, since he sat the hen there on the 14th and the hen escaped on Chol HaMoed which is the third day (as the Gemara views part of a day as a full day).

Rejection (R. Abun): Perhaps the Mishnah refers to when the hen began sitting there on the 14th of its own accord, so nothing can be learned from here.

(Beraisa): Manure in an alley may be moved to the side; if in a barn or a courtyard, he may take it out to the garbage dump.

Explanation of Beraisa (R. Ba): It is referring to a small courtyard, but in a large courtyard, he should move it to the side. But as for a barn, whether it is large or small, he may take it out to the garbage dump. R. Ba explained that it may be removed since the manure quickly becomes disgusting in the barn.