1)

IS BI'AH RISHONAH ALLOWED ON SHABBOS AND YOM TOV? [line 2]

(a)

A case occurred in which R. Ami permitted Bi'ah Rishonah on Shabbos.

(b)

Question (Rabanan): A Kesuvah was not written!

(c)

Answer (R. Ami): She should seize movable objects (for a security until he writes a Kesuvah).

(d)

Version #1: Rav Zvid permitted Bi'ah Rishonah on Shabbos.

(e)

Version #2: Rav Zvid himself had Bi'ah Rishonah on Shabbos.

(f)

Rav Yehudah permitted Bi'ah Rishonah on Yom Tov.

(g)

(Rav Papi): He permits even on Shabbos. The case he ruled about just happened to be on Yom Tov.

(h)

(Rav Papa): He permits only Yom Tov, but not Shabbos.

(i)

Question (Rav Papi): Do you hold that mi'Toch (since) wounding is permitted when needed (for food, i.e. Shechitah), it is also permitted when not needed?

1.

If so, it should be permitted to burn incense on Yom Tov! (Since one may burn for the needs of food, it should be allowed even when not needed!)

(j)

Answer (Rav Papa): "What every person will eat" - the Torah allows only what is common to all (most) people.

(k)

Question (Rav Acha brei d'Rava): If so, one may not slaughter a deer on Yom Tov, since not all people eat deer!

(l)

Answer (Rav Ashi): Anything that all people enjoy is allowed. All enjoy deer (just not everyone can afford it).

(m)

(Rav Yakov bar Idi): R. Yochanan was Moreh (ruled) that one may not have Bi'ah Rishonah on Shabbos.

(n)

Question: Is Hora'ah an appropriate term for an Isur?

(o)

Answer: Yes! A Mishnah says that Beis Hillel were Moreh (to Hilni ha'Malkah) to observe seven more years of Nezirus.

1.

(Beraisa - Rebbi): If the majority of the spinal cord was cut (the animal is Tereifah);

2.

R. Yakov says, even if it is punctured it is Tereifah.

3.

Rebbi was Moreh like R. Yakov.

4.

(Rav Huna): The Halachah does not follow R. Yakov.

(p)

(Rav Nachman bar Yitzchak): R. Yochanan forbade Bi'ah Rishonah on Shabbos.

(q)

The Halachah is, Bi'ah Rishonah is allowed on Shabbos.

2)

THE DAYS OF BIRKAS CHASANIM [line 33]

(a)

(Rav Huna): Both a virgin and a widow require a Berachah.

(b)

Contradiction: Rav Huna said that a widow does not require a Berachah!

(c)

Answer: For a Bachur (one who was not married before), we must bless, but not for a widower who marries a widow.

(d)

Objection: A Beraisa learns from Boaz and Rus, a widower and a widow, that we need 10 men for Birkas Chasanim!

(e)

Answer: Rav Huna meant that a widow does not need seven days of Berachah; one day is required.

(f)

Question (Beraisa): Chachamim deliberated how to help Benos Yisrael, so a Chasan will rejoice three days (with a widow).

1.

If he is a Bachur, seven days are required. If he is a widower, only one is required!

(g)

Answer #1: A widower requires one day of Berachah and three days of Simchah;

(h)

Answer #2: A Bachur requires seven days of Berachah and three days of Simchah.

7b----------------------------------------7b

(i)

Question (Beraisa): We bless seven days for a virgin, and one day for a widow.

1.

Assumption: This applies even to a Bachur who married a widow!

(j)

Answer: No, it applies only to a widower.

(k)

Question: If you hold that for a Bachur we bless seven days, it should say that we bless seven days for a virgin or for a Bachur who married a widow, and one day for a widow (who marries a widower)!

(l)

Answer: The Tana taught a clear-cut law, that every virgin has seven days of Berachah, and every widow has no less than one.

3)

A MINYAN IS NEEDED FOR BIRKAS CHASANIM [line 8]

(a)

Question (Rav Nachman): What is the source that we need 10 for Birkas Chasanim?

(b)

Answer #1 (Rav Nachman): We learn from "He (Boaz) took 10 elders".

(c)

Answer #2 (R. Avahu): We learn from "In the congregations bless Hash-m from the source of Yisrael".

1.

Rav Nachman uses this latter verse to teach that even fetuses sang at the splitting of the Red Sea.

2.

R. Avahu disagrees, for if so, the verse should have said 'from the womb'.

(d)

R. Avahu learns from the former verse that Boaz assembled 10 to teach that the Torah forbids male converts from Amon and Mo'av to marry Yisraelim, but permits female converts;

1.

He holds that if 10 were for a Berachah, elders would not be required.

(e)

Question (Rav Nachman): If he gathered them to expound, he would not need 10!

(f)

Answer: He needed 10 to publicize the law;

1.

Shmuel gathered 10 people to teach that if one acquires on behalf of a fetus, the acquisition is valid.

2.

The Halachah does not follow Shmuel.

4)

WHERE WE MAKE THE BERACHOS OF CHASANIM AND KIDUSHIN [line 28]

(a)

(Beraisa): We make Birkas Chasanim at the time of Chupah;

(b)

R. Yehudah says, we make it even at the time of Kidushin.

(c)

(Abaye): This applies in Yehudah, where the Chasan and Kalah are secluded (during Eirusin (engagement).

(d)

(Beraisa): We make Birkas Chasanim at the Chupah, and the Berachah of Kidushin at the Kidushin.

(e)

Question: What is the Berachah of Kidushin?

(f)

Answer #1 (Rava bar Rav Ada): It is "... Who commanded us about incest, and forbade to us Arusos (girls during Eirusin), and permitted Nesu'os through Chupah and Kidushin".

(g)

Answer #2 (Rav Acha brei d'Rava): We Chosem (end the Berachah with a Berachah) "Baruch Atah Hash-m, who sanctifies Yisrael through Chupah and Kidushin."

1.

Rava bar Rav Ada says we do not Chosem, just like we do not Chosem the Berachos over foods and Mitzvos.

2.

Rav Acha says that we Chosem, just like we Chosem the Berachah of Kidush.

(h)

(Beraisa): We make Birkas Chasanim all seven days with 10 people.

(i)

(Rav Yehudah): This is when there are new people at the meal.