1)

WHO HAS THE RIGHT TO REDEEM? (Yerushalmi Ma'aser Sheni Perek 4 Halachah 2 Daf 22a)

îùðä áòì äáéú àåîø áñìò åàçø àåîø áñìò áòì äáéú ÷åãí îôðé ùäåà îåñéó çåîù.

(a)

(Mishnah): If the owner offered a Sela and another person offered a Sela (to redeem Ma'aser Sheni), the owner has the right to redeem it, since he must add the extra fifth.

áòì äáéú àåîø áñìò åàçø àåîø áñìò åàéñø àú ùì ñìò åàéñø ÷åãí îôðé ùäåà îåñéó òì ä÷øï.

(b)

If the owner offered a Sela and another offered a Sela and an Issar, the other person has the right to redeem it since he is adding to the principal.

äôåãä îòùø ùðé ùìå îåñéó òìéå çîéùéúå áéï ùäåà ùìå åáéï ùðéúï ìå îúðä:

(c)

If one redeems his own Ma'aser Sheni, he must add a fifth, whether it's his (that he grew himself) or he received it as a gift.

âîøà åàéï çåîùå ùì æä îøåáä òì úåñôúå ùì æä.

(d)

(Gemara) Question: In the second case, isn't the extra fifth worth more than the extra Issar that the other one offered?

àîø øáé àáéï ùðééà äéà ùäåà éëåì ìäòøéí òìéå åìôåèøå îï äçåîù:

(e)

Answer (R. Avin): The owner could act shrewdly and exempt himself from paying the extra fifth (as will be explained in Halachah 3).

ùì ñìò åàéñø ÷åãí îôðé ùäåà îåñéó òì ä÷øï.

(f)

The Mishnah taught that the person who offered a Sela and an Issar redeems it, because he added to the principal.

øáé éò÷á áø àéãà áùí øáé ñéîéé ëì îòùø ùðé ùàéï á÷øðå ùåä ôøåèä àéðå îåñéó çåîù.

(g)

(R. Yaakov bar Ida citing R. Simai): Ma'aser Sheni that is not worth a Perutah does not require the fifth to be added (when it is redeemed).

[ãó ìå òîåã á (òåæ åäãø)] øáé éåñé áé øáé ñéîåï áùí ø''é ëì îòùø ùðé ùàéï áçåîùå ùåä ôøåèä àéðå îåñéó çåîù.

(h)

(R. Yosi bei R. Simon citing R. Yochanan): Any Ma'aser Sheni whose extra fifth is not worth a Perutah does not require it to be added.

äúéá øáé áà áø îîì [ãó ëá òîåã á] åäúðéðï çîù ôøåèåú äï. åðúðé ùù òì ãòúéä ãø' ñéîàé å÷øðå ùì îòùø ùðé áùåä ôøåèä åùáò òì ãòúéä ãø''é åçåîùå ùì îòùø ùðé ùåä ôøåèä.

(i)

Question (R. Ba bar Mamal): A Mishnah (in Maseches Bava Metzia) teaches that there are 5 laws relating to a Perutah. But according to R. Simai, there should be a 6th - that the principal of Ma'aser Sheni must be worth a Perutah (in order to require the extra fifth) and according to R. Yochanan, there should be a 7th - that the extra fifth itself must be worth a Perutah?

åòåã îï äãà ãà''ø (øáé) éåñé áùí øáé îðà áø úðçåí øáé àáäå áùí øáé éåçðï àéï ÷ø÷ò ð÷ðä áôçåú îùåä ôøåèä.

(j)

Another question: Let that Mishnah also teach the law of R. Abahu citing R. Yochanan, that land cannot be purchased for less than a Perutah?

2)

CONTRASTING HEKDESH WITH MAASER SHENI (Yerushalmi Ma'aser Sheni Perek 4 Halachah 2 Daf 22b)

)åòåã îï äãà([úðéà] îòùø ùðé ùàéï ãîéå éãåòéï ãéå ùéàîø äåà åçåîùå îçåìì òì äñìò äæä.

(a)

(Baraisa): If there is Ma'aser Sheni without a known value (as its value is minimal), it's enough to say that it and its extra fifth should be redeemed onto this Sela coin.

øáé éåñé áùí ø' ÷øéñôà ø' éåðä áùí ø' æòéøà áñìò ùì îòùø ùðé äéà îúðéúà àé àôùø ùìà éäà ùí çåìéï ëì ùäï.

(b)

Explanation (R. Yosi citing R. Krispa/ R. Yona citing R. Zeira): The Baraisa means that it's enough to use a coin that had already been used to redeem Ma'aser Sheni, as there will certainly be some 'space' remaining on that coin that is Chulin.

àîø øáé éåçðï ä÷ãù ùôãééå éåúø òì ãîéå úôñ àú äëì îòùø ùðé ùôãééå éåúø òì ãîéå ìà úôñ àú äëì.

(c)

(R. Yochanan): If Hekdesh was redeemed for more than it's worth, the Hekdesh fills up all of the money, but Ma'aser Sheni does not.

îä áéï ä÷ãù îä áéï îòùø ùðé.

(d)

Question: What's the difference?

àîø øáé àéîé ùëï àãí îöåé ìäéåú îøáä áä÷ãéùå.

(e)

Answer (R. Imi): It's the way of a person to give extra to Hekdesh.

[ãó ìæ òîåã à (òåæ åäãø)] øáé æòéøà áòé ÷åîé øáé àéîé ðáã÷ àåúå äàéù åàîø ìà ìëê ðúëååðúé.

(f)

Question (R. Zeira to R. Imi): If we would ask the person and he would say that he didn't intend to add, what is the law?

àîø ìéä ìëùéáãå÷.

(g)

Answer (R. Imi): If that's what he answers, the rest of the money isn't Hekdesh.

øáé éåðä áòé ëîàï ãàîø (àéðå) ëðëñéå áøí ëîàï ãàîø [àéðå] ëðëñéå (äåà) îä áéï ä÷ãù åîä áéï îòùø ùðé.

(h)

Question (R. Yona): According to the opinion that says that Ma'aser Sheni is considered the owner's, the difference between it and Hekdesh is understandable; but according to the opinion that it is not considered the owner's (but rather sanctified money), why is it different from Hekdesh?

àîø øáé éåñé ìà ëï ëáø àúîø èòîà ùëï àãí îöåé ìäéåú îøáä áä÷ãéùå.

(i)

(R. Yosi): Even according to that opinion, the reason still applies, that people give extra to Hekdesh.

àîø øáé éåçðï ä÷ãù ôãééå åìà äåñéó çåîù äøé æä ôãåé. îò''ù ùôãééå åìà äåñéó çåîù äøé æä àéðå ôãåé.

(j)

(R. Yochanan): If Hekdesh was redeemed without adding the fifth, the redemption still takes effect. If Ma'aser Sheni was redeemed without adding the fifth, the redemption does not take effect.

îä áéï ä÷ãù åîä áéï îòùø ùðé.

(k)

Question: What's the difference?

àîø øáé äéìà ä÷ãù éù ìå úåáòéï îòùø ùðé àéï ìå úåáòéï.

(l)

Answer (R. Hila): The treasurer will demand the payment (so he will certainly eventually add the fifth), but there's no claimant to demand it in the case of Ma'aser Sheni.

øáé éåðä áòé ëîàï ãàîø (àéðå) ëðëñéå. áøí ëîàï ãàîø [àéðå] ëðëñéå äåà. îä áéï ä÷ãù îä áéï îòùø ùðé.

(m)

Question (R. Yona): According to the opinion that says that Ma'aser Sheni is considered the owner's, there is a concern that he will not pay the fifth; but according to the opinion that it is not considered the owner's (but rather sanctified money), why is it different from Hekdesh? (He will certainly pay the fifth as he views it stringently!)

àîø øáé éåñé åìà ëáø àéúîø èòîà ä÷ãù éù ìå úåáòéï îòùø ùðé àéï ìå úåáòéï:

(n)

Answer (R. Yosi): Didn't we already learn that Hekdesh has a claimant (the treasurer) but Ma'aser Sheni does not have a claimant!

äôåãä îòùø ùðé ùìå îåñéó òìéå çîéùéúå áéï ùäåà ùìå áéï ùðéúï ìå áîúðä.

(o)

The Mishnah taught that if one redeems his own Ma'aser Sheni, he must add a fifth, whether it's his (that he grew himself) or he received it as a gift.

îúðéúà ãøáé îàéø [äéà] ãøáé îàéø àåîø àéï îúðä ëîëø.

(p)

The Mishnah follows R. Meir, who says that a gift is like a sale.

àîø øáé éåðä ãáøé äëì äéà úéôúø áôéøåú ùäï èáåìéï ìîòùø.

(q)

(R. Yona): No; it follows all opinions, as it's referring to produce that he received as a gift that had not yet had its Maaser separated.

[ãó ëâ òîåã à] åäúðéðï äôåãä ðèò øáòé ùìå îåñéó òìéå çîéùéúå àéú ìê îéîø áôéøåú ùäï èáåìéï (ìîòùø ùðé åäúðéðï) ìðèò øáòé.

(r)

Question: A later Mishnah teaches that if one redeems Netah Revai (the fruits of the 4th year of the life of a tree), he must add the extra fifth. Could that be referring to produce that had not had its Netah Revai separated?! (There's no such thing as separating Netah Revai!)

ìà ìðèò øáòé òöîå (áøí)[àåó] äëà îòùø äåé ñåôê îéîø:

1.

Rather, it must be referring to Netah Revai itself and so too here, it's actual Ma'aser Sheni; therefore, the previous answer must be said (that the Mishnah follows R. Meir).