(Mishnah): He snatched [with both hands from] in the box, and lifted out two lots. On one was written "la'Shem'', and on one was written "la'Azazel''. The Segan was on his right, and the Av Beis Din on his left.

If the lot "la'Shem'' came up in his right hand, the Segan says "Ishi Kohen Gadol, lift your right hand!'' If it came up in his left hand, the Av Beis Din says "Ishi Kohen Gadol, lift your left hand!''

He put them on the two goats, and says "la'Shem Chatas.'' R. Yishmael says, he did not need to say "Chatas'', only "la'Shem''.

They answer after him "Baruch Shem Kevod Malchuso l'Olam va'Ed.''

(Gemara): Not only a box, rather, [he may snatch the lots] even from a basket. Why did they say [to use] a box? It is to publicize the matter (it was not used for anything else in the Mikdash).

Question: He should bring two threads, one black and one white, and tie them [on the two goats], and say "this is for Hash-m, and this is for Azazel''! (Why did they need lots with writing?)

Answer: "Goral Echad la'Shem'' - it must be evident that it is for Hash-m. "V'Goral Echad la'Azazel'' - it must be evident that it is for Azazel. (Threads are not so evident.)

Question: He should bring two stones, one black and one white, and put on [the two goats], and say "this is for Hash-m, and this is for Azazel''!

Answer: "Goral Echad la'Shem'' - it must be evident that [they are lotteries, and this one] is for Hash-m. "V'Goral Echad la'Azazel'' - it must be evident that [this one] is for Azazel.

Question: He should write on them "this is for Hashem'', and "this is for Azazel''! (We explained like PNEI MOSHE.)

Answer: "Goral Echad la'Shem'' - it must permanently prove about itself that it is for Hash-m. "V'Goral Echad la'Azazel'' - it must permanently prove about itself that it is for Azazel. This shows that the lots were engraved. (Ink is prone to get erased.)

Support (Beraisa): Eretz Yisrael was divided through [a lottery] with two boxes. The lots [of the portions] were in one, and the names of the Shevatim in the other. Two young Kohanim were standing there. What this one lifts [from the portions], and this one lifts [from the Shevatim, that Shevet] acquired [that portion].

Eretz Yisrael was divided through three matters - through lotteries, through Urim v'Tumim and through money.

Source: "Va'Yashlech Lahem Yehoshua Goral Lifnei Hashem'' - Goral is the lotteries. Lifnei Hash-m are the Urim v'Tumim. "Bein Rav la'Me'at'' is money (people who received more valuable land paid compensation to others).

(R. Avin): Had Hash-m not given grace of every place in the eyes of those who dwell there, Eretz Yisrael would never be divided (people would not consent to it).

Support (Beraisa): Three matters have grace - a woman in the eyes of her husband, a place in the eyes of those who dwell there, and a sale item in the eyes of its buyer.

(R. Aba brei d'R. Papi citing R. Yehoshua of Sichnin citing Levi): Also in the future Hash-m will do so - "v'Nasati Lachem Lev Chadash... v'Nasati Lachem Lev Basar...'' - he is Boser (despises) his friend's portion.

If he touched [held one lot in each hand] when they are below (before lifting them out of the box) and [the lots] became mixed, the goats are unlike the Mitzvah (the lottery was invalid). If after he raised them [out of the box] they became mixed, the goats are like the Mitzvah (the lottery was valid. We now explain how to proceed in this case - MEICHAL HA'MAYIM);

When in (i.e. after) his raising they became mixed, he [takes one from the mixture in each hand without looking, and] says "if the lot of Hash-m will come up in my right hand, this [goat] on my right should be Kodesh. If the lot of Hash-m will come up in my left hand, this [goat] on my left should be Kodesh.'' (He now fixes the goats through a lottery. The lot that comes to his right hand need not be the one that his right hand took out of the box.)

Even if he said "if the lot of Hash-m will come up in my right hand, this [goat] on my left should be Kodesh. If the lot of Hash-m will come up in my left hand, this [goat] on my right should be Kodesh'' (it is valid);

However, if he said "whether the lot of Hash-m will come up in my right hand, or the lot of Hash-m will come up in my left hand, only this [goat] on my left should be Kodesh'', it is not Kodesh, for what fixed (determined) it? The mouth (and the Torah said that the lottery must fix it).