[24a - 43 lines; 24b - 28 lines]
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We recommend using the textual changes suggested by the Bach, the Tzon Kodashim, the Vilna Ga'on and the marginal notes of the Vilna Shas. This section is devoted to any other important corrections that Acharonim have pointed out in the Gemara, Rashi and Tosfos.
[1] Gemara 24a [line 20]:
Should be corrected as suggested by Shitah Mekubetzes #10
[2] Gemara [line 23]:
Should be corrected as suggested by Shitah Mekubetzes #11
[3] Rashi 24a DH Lo Yimaneh ã"ä ìà éîðä:
The words "Af Al Gav d'Humam" àó òì âá ãäåîí
should be "Af Al Gav d'Nishchat" àó òì âá ãðùçè (as is found in Rashi to Bechoros 33a)
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1)[line 5]ìàçøéåú îéáòéà?L'ACHRAYUS MIBA'YA?- is there any question about an animal designated for Achrayus (as a substitute Korban in case the original Korban is lost)? That is, it is obvious that an animal designated for Achrayus is left to graze.
2)[line 27]îøâéìéïMARGILIN
When one skins an animal in order to make a water-sac, instead of peeling back the skin from the head to the feet he cuts the skin by the feet and proceeds to peel back the skin towards the head.
24b----------------------------------------24b
PEREK #5 KEITZAD MA'ARIMIM
3)[line 1]ëéöã îòøéîéï òì äáëåøKEITZAD MA'ARIMIN AL HA'BECHOR - how do we prevent the Kedushah of Bechor from taking effect on a firstborn animal? (BECHOR BEHEMAH TEHORAH: MA'ARIMIN AL HA'BECHOR)
(a)Every firstborn (Bechor) male of an ox, goat or sheep becomes Kadosh with the Kedushah of Bechor when it comes out of its mother's womb. Its owner must give the Bechor to a Kohen. (See Background to Temurah 7:8.)
(b)The Mishnah here describes a way to evade giving one's Bechor to a Kohen. By declaring the Bechor as Hekdesh before it is born, one thereby prevents the status of Bechor from taking effect (since the Kedushah of a Bechor takes effect only after it emerges from the womb, "Kadosh me'Rechem").
(c)If a male animal is then born, then it is has the Kedushah of a Korban Olah. If a female animal is born, then it has the Kedushah of a Korban Shelamim. If two males (twins) are born, then one of them must be brought as an Olah, and the other is sold as an Olah and the money received is Chulin (and has no Kedushah). (This is because he intended his Neder to apply only to one animal, but since twins were born, the status of Hekdesh takes effect on both of the twins. An animal that becomes Hekdesh and is fit to be offered on the Mizbe'ach must be brought on the Mizbe'ach, and thus he must sell the second animal to someone who will use it as a Korban Olah.)
(d)If the animal that is born is a Tumtum or an Androginus (see below, entry #4), Raban Shimon ben Gamliel rules that it does not become Kadosh at all — it does not have the Kedushah of an Olah, nor that of a Shelamim, nor that of a Bechor. This is because, according to Raban Shimon ben Gamliel, a Tumtum or Androginus is considered a separate gender unto itself, and it is not considered a male or a female.
4a)[line 11]èåîèåíTUMTUM- an animal whose genitals are hidden so that we do not know whether it is a male or female
b)[line 11]àðãøåâéðåñANDROGINUS- a hermaphrodite; an animal with both male and female reproductive organs