[5a - 46 lines; 5b - 37 lines]
1)[line 1]"מתן בסתר יכפה אף [ושחד בחק חמה עזה]""MATAN BA'SESER YICHPEH AF; [V'SHOCHAD BA'CHEK CHEMAH AZAH.]"- "An anonymous gift will cover up anger, [and an unseen bribe [will appease] strong wrath.]" (Mishlei 21:14)
2)[line 10]זמניןZIMNIN- sometimes
3)[line 12]מתמעטMISMA'ET- (a) looses his prestige (RASHI); (b) looses his Torah learning and/or his wealth (IYUN YAKOV, 1st explanation); (c) looses his health (IYUN YAKOV, 1st explanation)
4)[line 13]"רומו מעט ואיננו והומכו ככל יקפצון... וכראש שבולת ימלו""ROMU ME'AT V'EINENU, V'HUMECHU KA'KOL YIKAFTZUN, UCH'ROSH SHIBOLES YIMALU."- "They are exalted for a short time [when alive], but then they are gone. They are lowered down [in the earth]; they jump [from their place (i.e. they die)] as all [people do], and they are cut off like the top of a stalk of grain." (Iyov 24:24) - Rav Avira renders this verse as follows: "Those who are haughty shall shrink [to lowliness] and disappear. But if they do Teshuvah and abandon their haughtiness, they will merit to live for their total allotted years. If, however, they do not repent, they will be cut off like the top of a stalk of grain."
5)[line 16]כי סאסא דשיבלתאKI SASA D'SHIBOLTA- like the awns, or the "beard," of a grain-head, i.e. the slender bristles that extend from the top of a grain-head
6)[line 20]"כי כה אמר רם ונשא שכן עד וקדוש שמו מרום וקדוש אשכון ואת דכא ושפל רוח להחיות רוח שפלים ולהחיות לב נדכאים""KI CHO AMAR RAM V'NISA SHOCHEN AD V'KADOSH SHEMO, MAROM V'KADOSH ESHKON; V'ES DAKA U'SHEFAL RU'ACH L'HACHAYOS RU'ACH SHEFALIM UL'HACHAYOS LEV NIDKA'IM."- "For thus says the high and lofty One who inhabits eternity, whose name is Holy; I dwell on the high and holy place, yet also with him who is of a contrite and humble spirit, to revive the spirit of the humble, and to revive the heart of the contrite ones." (Yeshayah 57:15)
7a)[line 20]אתי דכאITI DAKA- the humble dwell [on high] with Me
b)[line 20]אני את דכאANI ES DAKA- I [dwell together] with the humble
8)[line 25]לגדעו כאשירהL'GAD'O KA'ASHEIRAH- to cut him down like an Asheirah, a tree that has been worshipped as an Avodah Zarah. (Asheirah was a popular fertility goddess in the Near East. She is identified with Astarte (Ashtaros) and Aphrodite.) An Asheirah must be cut down and destroyed. No benefit can be derived from it.
9)[line 26]אין עפרו ננערEIN AFARO NIN'AR- his dust will not be stirred up [to live once again at the time of Techiyas ha'Mesim (the revival of the dead)]
10)[line 29]מיללתMEYALELES- wails, grieves
11)[line 29]"[כי רם ה' ושפל יראה] וגבה ממרחק יידע""[KI RAM HASH-M, V'SHAFAL YIR'EH;] V'GAVO'AH ME'MERCHAK YEYEDA."- "[Because, though HaSh-m is exalted, He notes the lowly;] but the arrogant He chastises from afar." (Tehilim 138:6) - Rav Elazar renders the end of this verse as follows: "but long before an arrogant person is punished, the Shechinah (HaSh-m's Divine Presence) is grieving and broken over his haughtiness."
12)[line 34]"מלשני בסתר רעהו אותו אצמית גבה עינים ורחב לבב אותו לא אוכל""MELASHNI VA'SESER RE'EHU, OSO ATZMIS; GEVAH EINAYIM U'RCHAV LEVAV, OSO LO UCHAL."- "He who slanders his neighbor in secret, him will I cut down; one with haughty eyes and an expansive heart, him I cannot bear." (Tehilim 101:5) - Rav Chisda, and some say Mar Ukba, renders the end of this verse as follows: "one with haughty eyes and an expansive heart, with him I cannot live."
13)[line 37]אפילו רוח קימעא עוכרתוAFILU RU'ACH KIM'A OCHARTO- even a slight mishap (lit. a light wind) will destroy him (lit. will make him cloudy)
14)[line 37]"והרשעים כים נגרש [כי השקט לא יוכל ויגרשו מימיו רפש וטיט]""VEHA'RESHA'IM KA'YAM NIGRASH; [KI HASHKET LO YUCHAL, VA'YIGRESHU MEIMAV REFESH VA'TIT]"- "But the wicked are like the troubled sea [that cannot rest, whose waters cast up mire and dirt.]" (Yeshayah 57:20)
15)[line 39]אחד משמונה בשמיניתECHAD MI'SHEMONEH BI'SHEMINIS- one eighth of one eighth, i.e. a very small amount [of self-pride]
16a)[line 40]בשמתא דאית ביה ובשמתא דלית ביהB'SHAMTA D'IS BEI; B'SHAMTA D'LEIS BEI- [A Torah sage] who has in him [self-pride] should be excommunicated; [a Torah sage] who does not have in him [the previously-mentioned small amount of self-pride] should [also] be excommunicated
b)[line 40]בשמתאSHAMTA (NIDUY - excommunication)
(a)The minimum period of Niduy is thirty days in Eretz Yisrael or seven days in Bavel and elsewhere. If the Menudeh does not repent from his ways he is put into Niduy for a second thirty-day period. If he still does not repent, he is then put into Cherem. The laws of Cherem are much more stringent.
(b)No one may come within four Amos of the Menudeh, except for his wife and family. He is not permitted to eat or drink with other people, nor is he included in a Zimun or any other Mitzvah that requires a quorum of ten men. He may not wash his clothes, shave or take a haircut, or wear shoes. Learning and teaching Torah, however, are permitted, as well as engaging in work. The last two are not permitted to a Muchram, who must learn by himself and engage in work to the minimum that will provide him daily sustenance. People may speak with the Menudeh or the Muchram unless Beis Din specifically prohibits it.
(c)Even if the period of Cherem or Niduy has ended, a person remains in Niduy or Cherem until he is permitted by three commoners or by an expert sage. (SHULCHAN ARUCH Yoreh De'ah 334:27 and REMA ibid. 334:24)
17)[line 41]מי זוטרMI ZUTAR- Is it little (i.e. of no significance)...?
18)[line 43]"והיה מדי חדש בחדשו [ומדי שבת בשבתו] יבא כל בשר להשתחות [לפני אמר ה']""V'HAYAH MIDEI CHODESH B'CHODSHO [U'MIDEI SHABBOS B'SHABATO], YAVO CHOL BASAR L'HISHTACHAVOS [LEFANAI AMAR HASH-M.]"- "And it shall come to pass, that at every new moon, [and on every Shabbos,] shall all flesh come to [worship and] prostrate themselves [before me, says HaSh-m.]" (Yeshayah 66:23)
19)[line 45]אד''ם א''פר ד''ם מ''רהADa"M; EFER, DAM, MARAH- the word "Adam" is comprised of the first letters of the words for ashes, blood, and bile
20)[line 45]בש''ר ב''ושה ס''רוחה ר''מהBaSa"R; BUSHAH, SERUCHAH, RIMAH- the word "Basar" (flesh) is comprised of the first letters of the words for shame, filth, and [food for] worms
21)[line 45]שאולSHE'OL- the depths; Gehinom
22)[last line]נפחתNIFCHAS- (a) loses his prestige (RASHI); (b) loses his wealth (IYUN YAKOV)
5b----------------------------------------5b
23)[line 1]"זאת התורה... ולשאת ולספחת""[ZOS HA'TORAH...] VELA'SE'ES VELA'SAPACHAS [VELA'BEHARES.]"- lit. "This is the law... for the Se'es, the Sapachas, and for the Baheres." (Vayikra 14:54-56) - The names and colors of four types of marks that make a person a Metzora are 1. Baheres, which is the color of snow; 2. Se'es, which is the color of clean, white newborn lamb's wool; 3. Sapachas of Baheres, which is the color of the plaster used to whitewash the Beis ha'Mikdash; 4. Sapachas of Se'es, which is the color of the white membrane found on the inside of an egg.
24)[line 1]ואין שאת אלא לשון גבוהV'EIN SE'ES ELA LESHON GAVO'AH- and the word "Se'es" has the connotation of something uplifted
25)[line 3]טפילהTEFEILAH- subordinate
26)[line 4]"[ואמר] ספחני נא אל אחת הכהונות לאכל פת לחם""[... V'AMAR] SEFACHENI NA EL ACHAS HA'KEHUNOS LE'ECHOL PAS LACHEM."- "[And it shall come to pass that everyone that is left in your house shall come and crouch to him for a piece of silver and a loaf of bread, and shall say:] Put me please into one of the priests' offices, so that I may eat a piece of bread. " (Shmuel I 2:36) - This verse was said to Eli the high priest.
27)[line 12]ונדכהV'NIDKEH- and he was humbled, afflicted
28)[line 13]כל השם אורחותיוKOL HA'SHAM ORCHOSAV- he who evaluates the paths of his life
29)[line 14]בישועתו של הקדש ברוך הואBI'YSHU'ASO SHEL HA'KADOSH BARUCH HU- (a) the salvation [of Benei Yisrael by] HaSh-m (RITVA to Moed Katan 5a, 1st explanation); (b) the salvation of HaSh-m. Since HaSh-m includes Himself, kiv'Yachol, in the suffering of Klal Yisrael, as it states, "Imo Anochi v'Tzarah" (Tehilim 91:15), the salvation of Yisrael also brings with it the salvation of HaSh-m, as it states, "u'Lechah li'Yshu'asah Lanu" (Tehilim 80:3) (RITVA ibid., 2nd explanation)
30)[line 15]"ושם דרך אראנו בישע אלהים""... V'SAM DERECH AR'ENU B'YESHA ELO-KIM."- "[Whoever offers praise glorifies Me;] and to one who orders his way aright I will show the salvation of HaSh-m." (Tehilim 50:23)
31)[line 34]דלא ליסתריה לביתיהD'LO LISTEREI L'VEISEI- in order that he not destroy his household.