LEWD TALK OF THE MEN
(Rav Yehudah): Men of Yerushalayim would haughtily discuss their sexual affairs [through allusions]:
'Did you eat well kneaded bread, or poorly kneaded bread (was she Be'ulah, or a virgin)?'
'Did you drink white wine, or black (what color was she)?'
'Did you recline on a wide bed, or a thin bed (was she fat or thin)?'
'Did you eat with good company, or bad (was she attractive)?'
(Rav Chisda): All of these refer to Zenus.
(Rachbah): There used to be cinnamon trees in Yerushalayim, they would give a nice smell when burned - they were hidden after the Churban, only [wood the size of] a barley seed remains, in the treasury of the queen Tzimtzemai.
CARRYING WEAPONS OF WAR
(Mishnah): A man may not go out with a sword, bow, shield, Alah (club) or spear; if he did, he is Chayav Chatas;
R. Eliezer says, these are Tachshitim for him;
Chachamim say, they are a disgrace - "V'Chitsu Charvosam l'Itim...Lo Yisa Goy El Goy Cherev v'Lo Yilmedu Od Milchamah".
A Biris is Tahor, one may go out with it; Kevalim are Teme'im, one may not go out with them (these will be explained).
(Gemara): Alah is a club.
(Mishnah - R. Eliezer): These are Tachshitim for him;
Version #1 (Beraisa - Chachamim): If they are Tachshitim, why will they be Batul in the time of Moshi'ach?
R. Eliezer: They will not be needed - "Lo Yisa Goy El Goy Cherev".
Question: [If they are Tachshitim, even if they are unnecessary] they should be permitted, for Noy!
Answer (Abaye): This is like a Ner in daylight (since it is useless, it is not Noy).
The Beraisa is unlike Shmuel: (Rashash - the Beraisa is not considered a question against him, for the text could be errant (R. Chiya and R. Oshaya did not authenticate it), or because Shmuel's teaching does not affect Halachah.)
(Shmuel): The only difference between this world and Yemos ha'Moshi'ach is that the kingdoms will cease to rule over Yisrael - "Ki Lo Yechdal Evyon mi'Kerev ha'Aretz".
The Beraisa supports R. Chiya bar Aba:
(R. Chiya bar Aba): Nevi'im prophesized about Yemos ha'Moshi'ach, but not about the world to come - "Ayin Lo Ra'asah Elokim Zulasecha Ya'aseh li'Mchakeh Lo".
Version #2 (Beraisa - Chachamim): If they are Tachshitim, why will they be Batul in the time of Moshi'ach?
R. Eliezer: They will not be Batul then ("Lo Yisa Goy..." refers to the world to come).
The Beraisa is like Shmuel, it is unlike R. Chiya bar Aba.
Question (Abaye): What is R. Eliezer's source that they are Tachshitim?
Answer (Rav Dimi): "Chagor Charbecha Al Yarech Gibor Hodcha va'Hadarecha".
Question (Rav Kahana): The verse refers to words of Torah!
Answer (Mar brei d'Rav Huna): The simple meaning of the verse is [always] true [as well].
HOW CHACHAMIM SHOULD LEARN
Rav Kahana: I learned all of Shas (oral Torah) by the age of 18, yet I did not know that the simple meaning of the verse is [always] true (even if it is a metaphor or Shirah (Maharitz Chiyus) or parable (Anaf Yosef)).
Question: What do we learn from this?
Answer: One should first learn (memorize teachings from his Rebbi), and later understand them [fully].
(R. Yirmeyah): If two Chachamim sharpen each other in Halachah, Hash-m prospers them - "V'Hadarcha Tzelach - we read this 'V'Chidadcha' ('Hei' and 'Ches' are interchangeable, also 'Reish' and 'Dalet'.)
Moreover, they will become great - "Tzelaf Rechav".
Suggestion: Perhaps this is even if they learn Lo Lishmah!
Rejection: "Al Devar Emes".
Suggestion: Perhaps this is even if he gets haughty!
Rejection: "V'Anvah Tzedek".
If they do so, they merit Torah which was given by Hash-m's right hand - "V'Sorcha Nora'os Yeminecha".
(Rav Nachman bar Yitzchak): They merit things which were said regarding the right ['hand'] of Torah:
(Rabah bar Rav Shila) Question: "Orech Yamim bi'Minah bi'Smolah Osher v'Chavod" - does the right [hand] of Torah only give length of days, but not wealth and honor?!
Answer: Those who are Maimin (meticulous, like the skilled right hand; alternatively, Lishmah) regarding Torah get length of days, all the more so wealth and honor;
Those who are Masmilin (lethargic; alternatively, Lo Lishmah) regarding Torah get wealth and honor, but not length of days.
(R. Yirmeyah): If two Chachamim learn Halachah together gently, Hash-m listens to them - "Az Nidberu Yir'ei Hash-m...";
'Dibur' means gently - "Yadber Amim Tachtenu".
Question: What does it mean "Ul'Choshvei Shemo"?
Answer (R. Ami): Even if he intended to do a Mitzvah and was Ne'enas (unable to), the Torah considers it as if he did it.
(R. Chanina bar Idi): Anyone who does a Mitzvah the way it was commanded will not hear bad tidings - "Shomer Mitzvah Lo Yeda Davar Ra".
(Rav Asi): Even if Hash-m had made a harsh decree on him, He will tear it up - it says "Ba'Asher Devar Melech Shilton u'Mi Yomar Lo Mah Ta'aseh", and then "Shomer Mitzvah Lo Yeda Davar Ra".
(R. Ami): If two Chachamim hearken to each other in Halachah, Hash-m listens to them - "Ha'Yosheves ba'Ganim Chaverim Makshivim l'Kolech Hashmi'ini";
If they do not hearken to each other, the Shechinah departs from Yisrael - "Berach Dodi..."
(R. Aba): If two Chachamim gather together to learn Halachah, Hash-m loves them - "V'Diglo Alai Ahavah".
(Rava): This is only if they already learned some of the matter from a Rebbi, and they do not have a Rebbi here.
WHAT TO APPROACH AND WHAT TO AVOID
(R. Aba): One who lends money is greater than one who gives Tzedakah [because the receiver is less embarrassed]; best of all is one who invests money [and the receiver does business with it, and they split the profits].
(R. Aba): If a Chacham takes vengeance like a snake, cling to him; (Anaf Yosef (Yoma 23A) - he avenges the insult to Torah without personal benefit, like a snake kills and does not eat; Maharsha - he takes a small vengeance for a great offense - "Hu Yeshufcha Rosh v'Ata Teshufenu Akev");
Do not live near an ignoramus [who tries to go beyond the letter of the law, to be a] Chasid (he can make great mistakes).
(Rav Kahana): One who raises an evil dog in his house inhibits Chesed from his household (the poor are afraid to come) - "La'Mas me'Re'ehu Chased", in Yevanis 'Lamas' means dog.
(Rav Nachman bar Yitzchak): He casts Yir'as Shamayim off himself - "V'Yir'as Shakai Ya'azov".
A pregnant woman entered a man's house to [borrow his oven] to bake bread; his dog barked at her - the fetus was uprooted from its place.
The man: Don't worry, his incisors and claws were removed!
The woman: That does not help - the fetus was already uprooted (aborted).
Question (Rav Huna): How do we explain "Semach Bachur b'Yaldusecha vi'Tivcha Libcha bi'Mei Vechurosecha v'Halech b'Darchei Libcha uv'Mar'ei Einecha v'Da Ki Al Kol Elah Yevi'acha Elokim ba'Mishpat"?
Answer #1 (Rav Huna): The Reisha (until 'v'Da') is the enticement of the Yetzer ha'Ra [to indulge in every desire] - afterwards are the words of the Yetzer Tov [that one will be judged for everything];
Answer #2 (Reish Lakish): The Reisha discusses Divrei Torah (one should learn whatever he desires) - afterwards it discusses good deeds (Rashi - one will be judged about how well he fulfilled what he learned; Maharsha - he is also judged about his learning - "V'Halech..." discusses deeds, "... Yevi'acha Elokim ba'Mishpat" applies to learning and deeds).
BIRIS AND KEVALIM
(Mishnah): A Biris is Tahor...
(Rav Yehudah): This is a bracelet.
Question (Rav Yosef - Mishnah): A Biris is Tahor, one may go out with it;
A bracelet is Tamei (it is listed among Kelim taken from [the war with] Midyan!
Answer: Rav Yehudah means, Biris corresponds to a bracelet (but it is worn on the leg to hold up socks).
(Ravin): Biris is a single [leg bracelet], Kevalim are a pair.
(Rav Huna): Both of these are pairs - one connects them by a chain to make them Kevalim. (R. Yirmeyah was dozing during this dialogue.)
Question: Does the chain make them a Kli [to Mekabel Tum'ah]?!
Suggestion: Perhaps they are Mekabel Tum'ah on account of R. Shmuel's teaching (because they make noise)!
Question (R. Shmuel bar Nachmani): What is the source that a metal Kli that makes noise is Mekabel Tum'ah?
Answer: "Kol Davar Asher Yavo ba'Esh..." - even Dibur is included.
Rejection: That is when the noise accomplishes something - here, it serves no purpose!
Answer: Kevalim serve a purpose!
(Rabah bar bar Chanah): There was a family in Yerushalayim, the women used to take large steps, causing their Besulim to fall out. They made Kevalim for them to limit the size of their steps - this solved the problem.
R. Yirmeyah woke up and approved of this answer, for R. Yochanan also said so.
TUM'AH OF ARIG AND TACHSHITIM
(Rav Dimi citing R. Yochanan): Arig (a woven garment) of any size is Tamei (Mekabel Tum'ah) - we learn from the Tzitz.
Objection: (Abaye): The Tzitz was not woven!
(Beraisa): The Tzitz was a golden plate two fingers wide; it went [across the forehead] from ear to ear;
'Kodesh la'Shem' was written on it in two lines - 'Hashem' was written on top [on the right], 'Kodesh' and the letter 'Lamed' were written on bottom [on the left. R. Tam, cited by Rishonim - 'Kodesh' and 'Lamed' were on top on the left, 'Hashem' was on bottom, on the left].
R. Eliezer b'Rebbi Yosi says, I saw it in the treasure-house of Romi - 'Kodesh la'Shem' was written in one line. (Rambam - Chachamim agree that it is Kosher in one line; Me'iri - Chachamim did not accept R. Eliezer's testimony.)
(Rav Dimi): I erred - rather, R. Yochanan taught that a Tachshit of any size is Tamei - we learn from the Tzitz;
Arig of any size is Tamei - we learn from "O Beged".
(Beraisa): Arig or a Tachshit of any size is Tamei;
Version #1 (Rashi): Something half-Arig and half-Tachshit of any size is Tamei;
Version #2 (Tosfos ha'Rosh): Arig or Tachshit to any degree (it is barely decorative) is Tamei; (end of Version #2)
Sak (sackcloth, made out of goat's hair) has an advantage over Beged (fabric) - it is Tamei on account of Arig (this will be explained).
(Rava): Arig of any size is Tamei - we learn from "O Veged";
A Tachshit of any size is Tamei - we learn from the Tzitz;
Arig and Tachshit of any size is Tamei - we learn from "Kol Kli Ma'aseh".
Question (a Chacham): The verse refers to Kelim taken from Midyan (Tosfos - it does not discuss Tum'ah at all)!
Answer (Rava): Indeed, we learn about Tum'ah from a Gezerah Shavah "Kli-Kli".