1)

LEWD TALK OF THE MEN

(a)

(Rav Yehudah): Men of Yerushalayim would haughtily discuss their sexual affairs [through allusions]:

1.

'Did you eat well kneaded bread, or poorly kneaded bread (was she Be'ulah, or a virgin)?'

2.

'Did you drink white wine, or black (what color was she)?'

3.

'Did you recline on a wide bed, or a thin bed (was she fat or thin)?'

4.

'Did you eat with good company, or bad (was she attractive)?'

(b)

(Rav Chisda): All of these refer to Zenus.

(c)

(Rachbah): There used to be cinnamon trees in Yerushalayim, they would give a nice smell when burned - they were hidden after the Churban, only [wood the size of] a barley seed remains, in the treasury of the queen Tzimtzemai.

2)

CARRYING WEAPONS OF WAR

(a)

(Mishnah): A man may not go out with a sword, bow, shield, Alah (club) or spear; if he did, he is Chayav Chatas;

(b)

R. Eliezer says, these are Tachshitim for him;

(c)

Chachamim say, they are a disgrace - "V'Chitsu Charvosam l'Itim...Lo Yisa Goy El Goy Cherev v'Lo Yilmedu Od Milchamah".

(d)

A Biris is Tahor, one may go out with it; Kevalim are Teme'im, one may not go out with them (these will be explained).

(e)

(Gemara): Alah is a club.

(f)

(Mishnah - R. Eliezer): These are Tachshitim for him;

(g)

Version #1 (Beraisa - Chachamim): If they are Tachshitim, why will they be Batul in the time of Moshi'ach?

(h)

R. Eliezer: They will not be needed - "Lo Yisa Goy El Goy Cherev".

(i)

Question: [If they are Tachshitim, even if they are unnecessary] they should be permitted, for Noy!

(j)

Answer (Abaye): This is like a Ner in daylight (since it is useless, it is not Noy).

(k)

The Beraisa is unlike Shmuel: (Rashash - the Beraisa is not considered a question against him, for the text could be errant (R. Chiya and R. Oshaya did not authenticate it), or because Shmuel's teaching does not affect Halachah.)

1.

(Shmuel): The only difference between this world and Yemos ha'Moshi'ach is that the kingdoms will cease to rule over Yisrael - "Ki Lo Yechdal Evyon mi'Kerev ha'Aretz".

(l)

The Beraisa supports R. Chiya bar Aba:

1.

(R. Chiya bar Aba): Nevi'im prophesized about Yemos ha'Moshi'ach, but not about the world to come - "Ayin Lo Ra'asah Elokim Zulasecha Ya'aseh li'Mchakeh Lo".

(m)

Version #2 (Beraisa - Chachamim): If they are Tachshitim, why will they be Batul in the time of Moshi'ach?

(n)

R. Eliezer: They will not be Batul then ("Lo Yisa Goy..." refers to the world to come).

(o)

The Beraisa is like Shmuel, it is unlike R. Chiya bar Aba.

(p)

Question (Abaye): What is R. Eliezer's source that they are Tachshitim?

(q)

Answer (Rav Dimi): "Chagor Charbecha Al Yarech Gibor Hodcha va'Hadarecha".

(r)

Question (Rav Kahana): The verse refers to words of Torah!

(s)

Answer (Mar brei d'Rav Huna): The simple meaning of the verse is [always] true [as well].

3)

HOW CHACHAMIM SHOULD LEARN

(a)

Rav Kahana: I learned all of Shas (oral Torah) by the age of 18, yet I did not know that the simple meaning of the verse is [always] true (even if it is a metaphor or Shirah (Maharitz Chiyus) or parable (Anaf Yosef)).

(b)

Question: What do we learn from this?

(c)

Answer: One should first learn (memorize teachings from his Rebbi), and later understand them [fully].

(d)

(R. Yirmeyah): If two Chachamim sharpen each other in Halachah, Hash-m prospers them - "V'Hadarcha Tzelach - we read this 'V'Chidadcha' ('Hei' and 'Ches' are interchangeable, also 'Reish' and 'Dalet'.)

1.

Moreover, they will become great - "Tzelaf Rechav".

(e)

Suggestion: Perhaps this is even if they learn Lo Lishmah!

(f)

Rejection: "Al Devar Emes".

(g)

Suggestion: Perhaps this is even if he gets haughty!

(h)

Rejection: "V'Anvah Tzedek".

(i)

If they do so, they merit Torah which was given by Hash-m's right hand - "V'Sorcha Nora'os Yeminecha".

(j)

(Rav Nachman bar Yitzchak): They merit things which were said regarding the right ['hand'] of Torah:

1.

(Rabah bar Rav Shila) Question: "Orech Yamim bi'Minah bi'Smolah Osher v'Chavod" - does the right [hand] of Torah only give length of days, but not wealth and honor?!

2.

Answer: Those who are Maimin (meticulous, like the skilled right hand; alternatively, Lishmah) regarding Torah get length of days, all the more so wealth and honor;

i.

Those who are Masmilin (lethargic; alternatively, Lo Lishmah) regarding Torah get wealth and honor, but not length of days.

(k)

(R. Yirmeyah): If two Chachamim learn Halachah together gently, Hash-m listens to them - "Az Nidberu Yir'ei Hash-m...";

1.

'Dibur' means gently - "Yadber Amim Tachtenu".

(l)

Question: What does it mean "Ul'Choshvei Shemo"?

(m)

Answer (R. Ami): Even if he intended to do a Mitzvah and was Ne'enas (unable to), the Torah considers it as if he did it.

(n)

(R. Chanina bar Idi): Anyone who does a Mitzvah the way it was commanded will not hear bad tidings - "Shomer Mitzvah Lo Yeda Davar Ra".

(o)

(Rav Asi): Even if Hash-m had made a harsh decree on him, He will tear it up - it says "Ba'Asher Devar Melech Shilton u'Mi Yomar Lo Mah Ta'aseh", and then "Shomer Mitzvah Lo Yeda Davar Ra".

(p)

(R. Ami): If two Chachamim hearken to each other in Halachah, Hash-m listens to them - "Ha'Yosheves ba'Ganim Chaverim Makshivim l'Kolech Hashmi'ini";

1.

If they do not hearken to each other, the Shechinah departs from Yisrael - "Berach Dodi..."

2.

(R. Aba): If two Chachamim gather together to learn Halachah, Hash-m loves them - "V'Diglo Alai Ahavah".

(q)

(Rava): This is only if they already learned some of the matter from a Rebbi, and they do not have a Rebbi here.

4)

WHAT TO APPROACH AND WHAT TO AVOID

(a)

(R. Aba): One who lends money is greater than one who gives Tzedakah [because the receiver is less embarrassed]; best of all is one who invests money [and the receiver does business with it, and they split the profits].

(b)

(R. Aba): If a Chacham takes vengeance like a snake, cling to him; (Anaf Yosef (Yoma 23A) - he avenges the insult to Torah without personal benefit, like a snake kills and does not eat; Maharsha - he takes a small vengeance for a great offense - "Hu Yeshufcha Rosh v'Ata Teshufenu Akev");

1.

Do not live near an ignoramus [who tries to go beyond the letter of the law, to be a] Chasid (he can make great mistakes).

(c)

(Rav Kahana): One who raises an evil dog in his house inhibits Chesed from his household (the poor are afraid to come) - "La'Mas me'Re'ehu Chased", in Yevanis 'Lamas' means dog.

63b----------------------------------------63b

(d)

(Rav Nachman bar Yitzchak): He casts Yir'as Shamayim off himself - "V'Yir'as Shakai Ya'azov".

(e)

A pregnant woman entered a man's house to [borrow his oven] to bake bread; his dog barked at her - the fetus was uprooted from its place.

1.

The man: Don't worry, his incisors and claws were removed!

2.

The woman: That does not help - the fetus was already uprooted (aborted).

(f)

Question (Rav Huna): How do we explain "Semach Bachur b'Yaldusecha vi'Tivcha Libcha bi'Mei Vechurosecha v'Halech b'Darchei Libcha uv'Mar'ei Einecha v'Da Ki Al Kol Elah Yevi'acha Elokim ba'Mishpat"?

(g)

Answer #1 (Rav Huna): The Reisha (until 'v'Da') is the enticement of the Yetzer ha'Ra [to indulge in every desire] - afterwards are the words of the Yetzer Tov [that one will be judged for everything];

(h)

Answer #2 (Reish Lakish): The Reisha discusses Divrei Torah (one should learn whatever he desires) - afterwards it discusses good deeds (Rashi - one will be judged about how well he fulfilled what he learned; Maharsha - he is also judged about his learning - "V'Halech..." discusses deeds, "... Yevi'acha Elokim ba'Mishpat" applies to learning and deeds).

5)

BIRIS AND KEVALIM

(a)

(Mishnah): A Biris is Tahor...

(b)

(Rav Yehudah): This is a bracelet.

(c)

Question (Rav Yosef - Mishnah): A Biris is Tahor, one may go out with it;

1.

A bracelet is Tamei (it is listed among Kelim taken from [the war with] Midyan!

(d)

Answer: Rav Yehudah means, Biris corresponds to a bracelet (but it is worn on the leg to hold up socks).

(e)

(Ravin): Biris is a single [leg bracelet], Kevalim are a pair.

(f)

(Rav Huna): Both of these are pairs - one connects them by a chain to make them Kevalim. (R. Yirmeyah was dozing during this dialogue.)

(g)

Question: Does the chain make them a Kli [to Mekabel Tum'ah]?!

1.

Suggestion: Perhaps they are Mekabel Tum'ah on account of R. Shmuel's teaching (because they make noise)!

2.

Question (R. Shmuel bar Nachmani): What is the source that a metal Kli that makes noise is Mekabel Tum'ah?

3.

Answer: "Kol Davar Asher Yavo ba'Esh..." - even Dibur is included.

(h)

Rejection: That is when the noise accomplishes something - here, it serves no purpose!

(i)

Answer: Kevalim serve a purpose!

1.

(Rabah bar bar Chanah): There was a family in Yerushalayim, the women used to take large steps, causing their Besulim to fall out. They made Kevalim for them to limit the size of their steps - this solved the problem.

(j)

R. Yirmeyah woke up and approved of this answer, for R. Yochanan also said so.

6)

TUM'AH OF ARIG AND TACHSHITIM

(a)

(Rav Dimi citing R. Yochanan): Arig (a woven garment) of any size is Tamei (Mekabel Tum'ah) - we learn from the Tzitz.

(b)

Objection: (Abaye): The Tzitz was not woven!

1.

(Beraisa): The Tzitz was a golden plate two fingers wide; it went [across the forehead] from ear to ear;

2.

'Kodesh la'Shem' was written on it in two lines - 'Hashem' was written on top [on the right], 'Kodesh' and the letter 'Lamed' were written on bottom [on the left. R. Tam, cited by Rishonim - 'Kodesh' and 'Lamed' were on top on the left, 'Hashem' was on bottom, on the left].

3.

R. Eliezer b'Rebbi Yosi says, I saw it in the treasure-house of Romi - 'Kodesh la'Shem' was written in one line. (Rambam - Chachamim agree that it is Kosher in one line; Me'iri - Chachamim did not accept R. Eliezer's testimony.)

(c)

(Rav Dimi): I erred - rather, R. Yochanan taught that a Tachshit of any size is Tamei - we learn from the Tzitz;

1.

Arig of any size is Tamei - we learn from "O Beged".

(d)

(Beraisa): Arig or a Tachshit of any size is Tamei;

(e)

Version #1 (Rashi): Something half-Arig and half-Tachshit of any size is Tamei;

(f)

Version #2 (Tosfos ha'Rosh): Arig or Tachshit to any degree (it is barely decorative) is Tamei; (end of Version #2)

(g)

Sak (sackcloth, made out of goat's hair) has an advantage over Beged (fabric) - it is Tamei on account of Arig (this will be explained).

(h)

(Rava): Arig of any size is Tamei - we learn from "O Veged";

1.

A Tachshit of any size is Tamei - we learn from the Tzitz;

2.

Arig and Tachshit of any size is Tamei - we learn from "Kol Kli Ma'aseh".

(i)

Question (a Chacham): The verse refers to Kelim taken from Midyan (Tosfos - it does not discuss Tum'ah at all)!

(j)

Answer (Rava): Indeed, we learn about Tum'ah from a Gezerah Shavah "Kli-Kli".

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