Rosh Hashanah Chart #1
Chart for Rosh Hashanah Daf 10a
ON WHICH DAY DO FRUITS OF A 3-YEAR-OLD TREE
PLANTED IN 5757 BECOME MUTAR IN 5760
(see Insights to Daf 10a)
| (A) TREE PLANTED BETWEEN 15 SHEVAT AND 30 DAYS BEFORE R"H (1) |
(B) TREE PLANTED WITHIN 30 DAYS *BEFORE R"H (2) OF 5757* |
(C) TREE PLANTED BETWEEN R"H AND 15 SHEVAT |
||
| 1 | RASHI (3), R. SHMUEL b. DAVID (4) |
Tu b'Shevat | Rosh Hashanah | Rosh Hashanah (5) |
| 2 | RAMBAM (6), ME'IRI |
Tu b'Shevat | Rosh Hashanah (7) | Three years to the day (8) |
| 3 | RA'AVAD (6) | Tu b'Shevat | Rosh Hashanah | Tu b'Shevat |
| 4 | ME'OR, RASHBA, RITVA |
Tu b'Shevat | Tu b'Shevat | Tu b'Shevat |
TIMELINE:
5757 5758 5759 5760
-----R-----T-------R-----T-------R-----T-------R-----T KEY:
R = Rosh Hashanah
|_|_____|______| T = Tu b'Shevat
(B) (C) (A) - = one month
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FOOTNOTES:
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(1) This Halachah is mentioned explicitly in the Beraisa.
(2) Some infer from the language of the Beraisa (which says "the fruits of this plantling are Asur until Tu b'Shevat," and "sometimes the fourth year arrives and the fruits are still Asur") that in another case, such as this one, the fruits are permitted when Rosh Hashanah arrives and there is no need to wait until Tu b'Shevat. See Insights.
(3) This is Rashi's opinion as recorded by the Rosh (Hilchos Orlah, #9), and so it appears from the text of Rashi in our Gemara. However, in some records of Rashi, a line is omitted at the end of Rashi, which would equate Rashi's opinion with that of the Ba'al ha'Me'or (row #4 in the chart). See Insights.
(4) Cited in the Shitas Rivav on the Rif. Rabeinu Shmuel bar David was one of the Torah leaders in Provence during the generation that preceded the Ra'avad.
(5) See Insights for the logic behind this. (According to what we wrote in the Insights, it could be that this Halachah applies only when the tree was planted before 30 days prior to Tu b'Shevat. Only then will the fruits become Mutar on Rosh Hashanah of 5760.)
(6) Hilchos Ma'aser Sheni 9:11-12.
(7) This is the ruling of the Rambam there. However, the Me'iri writes that also in this case, the fruits become Mutar after three years have passed to the day (m'Yom l'Yom), and it is not necessary to wait another few days until Rosh Hashanah of 5760.
(8) It seems that his source is the Yerushalmi here (1:2), according to his Girsa and explanation in the Yerushalmi.