(Mishnah - Question): What is the difference between Pesach Rishon and Pesach Sheni?

On Pesach Rishon it is prohibited to own Chametz but on Pesach Sheni both Chametz and Matzah are with him in his house.

Pesach Rishon requires the recital of Hallel when it is eaten but Sheni does not; but they both require Hallel in their performance.

They are both eaten roasted with Matzah and Maror and they both override Shabbos.

(Gemara): The Pasuk states (Bamidbar 9,12), "They may not leave from it until the morning'' - this teaches the positive commandment in the Korban itself to eat the Pesach Sheni.

(Ibid) "and they may not break a bone in it'' - this teaches a negative commandment in the Korban itself.

When the Pasuk states (ibid), "they shall perform it with all of the laws of the Pesach'', I might have included the requirement to destroy the Chametz and eat Matzah for seven days - the (previous) Pasuk states, "they shall eat it with Matzah and Maror'' - the only external law that applies to it is to eat it with Matzah and Maror.

This follows R. Yishmael who said "Prat uKlal Hakol Bichlal'' - "if there is a detail followed by a general term, the general term includes everything''. (The Pasuk first said that they may not leave over until morning and then said that they perform it with all of the laws of the Pesach) - from these phrases one would include all of the laws of Pesach Rishon; the Pasuk therefore states "they shall eat it with Matzah and Maror'' to teach that this is the only external law upon the Korban itself that applies to Pesach Sheni.

Beraisa #1: For Pesach Sheni he could be liable for Kares but not for Pesach Rishon.

Beraisa #2: For Pesach Rishon he could be liable for Kares but not for Pesach Sheni.

Beraisa #3: He could be liable for Kares for both Pesach Rishon and Pesach Sheni.

Beraisa #4: He could only be liable for Kares for Pesach Sheni if he did not perform Pesach Rishon.

The source of the Beraisa that he is liable for Kares for Pesach Rishon is the Pasuk that states (Bamidbar 9, 13), "he shall bear his sin'' - which refers to Pesach Rishon.

The source of the Beraisa that he is liable for Kares for Pesach Sheni is the same Pasuk - this Beraisa reasons that it is referring to Pesach Sheni.

The source of the Beraisa that he is liable for Kares for both is the same Pasuk - this Beraisa reasons that it refers to both Pesachs.

The source of the Beraisa that he is liable for Kares for Pesach Sheni if he did not perform Pesach Rishon is the same Pasuk that earlier stated (ibid), "for he did not sacrifice the Korban of Hash-m at its time'' - referring to Pesach Rishon, "he shall bear his sin'' - for the Pesach Rishon, if he also did not later bring Pesach Sheni.

R. Yochanan quoting R. Shimon ben Yehutzedek: The Pasuk states (Yishayahu 30,29), "the song will be yours like the night of the consecration of the festival'' - the night of Pesach comes to teach about the downfall of Sancherev but it also teaches about the night of Pesach that just as the downfall of Sancherev requires Hallel, Pesach also requires Hallel.

Question: Perhaps just as Pesach Rishon requires a Korban Chagigah, so Pesach Sheni requires a Korban Chagigah?

Answer (R. Zeira): It is like the night of the consecration of the festival (i.e. Yom Tov) - whatever requires Hallel (Pesach Rishon) requires a Chagigah; whatever does not require Hallel (Pesach Sheni) does not require a Chagigah.

Question: Does Pesach Sheni also override Tumah (like Pesach Rishon)?

Answer: Pesach Sheni comes as a result of Tumah on Pesach Rishon - so how could it be brought in Tumah? (Therefore, Pesach Sheni does not override Tumah.)

(Mishnah): If a Korban Pesach was brought in Tumah; Zavim, Zavos, Nidos and Yoldos may not eat from it. If they did eat, they are not punishable with Kares.

R. Eliezer also exempts them from Kares for coming into the Temple in their state of Tumah.

(Gemara - Beraisa): If a Zav ate from a Korban Pesach brought in Tumah -

R. Meir says that he is liable for Kares.

R. Shimon says that he is exempt.

Question: What is R. Shimon's source? (Vayikra 7, 19&20), "...and Tahor flesh, any Tahor person may eat the flesh. A person who eats from the flesh of the Shelamim offering...[while he is Tameh....that soul shall be cut off (Kares)]''. That which is permitted to Tahor people makes a Tameh person liable; this excludes a Korban Pesach that is brought in Tumah that was eaten by Zavim, Zavos, Nidos and Yoldos; that which is not permitted to Tahor people does not make a Tameh person liable for eating it.

If one of these Tameh people ate from a Korban Olah or from the limbs of other Korbanos that are burned, since a Tahor person cannot eat them, the Tameh person is not liable.

Query: If a Zav entered the Temple on the night of the 14th or in the daytime before the 6th hour, is he liable for Kares?

R. Yosi: This depends on whether or not R. Eliezer follows R. Shimon (that they are exempt for eating the Korban Pesach in their state of Tumah; if he does, he should also say that they are exempt for entering the Temple).

What is the source? (Vayikra 12, 4), "you shall not touch any Kodesh and you shall not enter the Temple'' - whoever is liable for eating Kodesh will be liable for entering the Temple; whoever is not liable for eating Kodesh will not be liable for entering the Temple.

Similarly, it depends on whether or not R. Shimon follows R. Eliezer (that they would also be exempt for entering the Temple).

What is the source? (Ibid), "you shall not touch any Kodesh and you shall not enter the Temple'' - whoever is liable for entering the Temple will be liable for eating Kodesh; whoever is not liable for entering the Temple will not be liable for eating Kodesh.