Query: If one third of the congregation were Zavin, one third were Temeyim and one third were Tehorim, what is the law?

Answer (R. Mana quoting Chizkiyah): The Zavin and Temeyim outweigh the Tehorim and they may perform the Pesach in Tum'ah; whilst the Zavin neither perform it on Pesach Rishon nor Pesach Sheni.

R. Zeira: Chazal made a Zav like a Mumar in the case of Beis Din erring in their ruling.

Just as we say that a Mumar is not included in the calculation of the majority/ minority; so too the Zav is not included.

If one of a group became Tamei and it is unknown which one, they must bring the Pesach on Pesach Sheni.

If one of a congregation became Tamei, but it is unknown which one -

R. Zeira said that they perform the Pesach in Tum'ah.

R. Hoshiya taught that they perform it in a state of doubt, but not in a state of Tum'ah.

R. Hoshiya is more logical, as if the individual Temeyim join them in Tum'ah, they will be liable for Kares.

R. Imi quoting R''SBL: In the case of Beis Din erring, we follow the majority of Jews living in Eretz Yisrael. In the case of Tum'ah, we follow the majority of those entering the Temple Courtyard.

Question: Do we require the majority of all of the three groups or do we only calculate for the first group?

Answer (R. Yosa bei R. Bun): When all of Israel are standing outside the Temple Courtyard, we make the calculation.

R''YBL: For the case of Beis Din erring, we calculate including all Jews located along the Lavo Chemas to Nachal Mitzrayim border.

R. Tanchuma quoting R. Chuna: R''YBL's source is the Pasuk that states (Melachim 1, 8,65), "And at that time, Shlomo observed the festival, together with all of Israel etc. (a large congregation from Levo Chemas until Nachal Mitzrayim).

(Mishnah): If the blood of the Pesach was thrown and then he discovered that he is Tamei, the Tzitz causes acceptance of the Korban.

If the owner had became Tamei by coming in contact with a corpse, the Tzitz does not cause acceptance, as they equated a Nazir with one who brings a Korban Pesach. (The Pasuk, when speaking about a Nazir states, "and if a person dies upon him, his earlier days will fall'' - if he became Tamei through a corpse before bringing his sacrifices, his count is destroyed).

The Tzitz causes acceptance for the blood becoming Tamei (consequently, the shaving of his hair is valid and he may drink wine and become Tamei), but not for the Tum'ah of a corpse - therefore, if he became Tamei when bringing his sacrifices, his count is destroyed.

If he became Tamei through Tum'ah of the deep (see earlier 78-3 (b)), the Tzitz causes acceptance.

(Gemara): The Mishnah (see (a)) refers to when the blood became Tamei after entering the airspace of the receptacle; but if it was before, it is as if it has received water and the Tzitz does not cause acceptance.

Question: What is the source for the unverifiable Tum'ah of Kever Tehom?

Answer (R. Yaakov bar Acha quoting Rabbanin): The Pasuk states (Bamidbar 9, 10), "or if you are on a distant road''. Just as the road is visible, so the Tum'ah must be visible - this excludes the Kever Tehom which is not visible.

Question: This only teaches the Korban Pesach; what is the source for Nazir?

R. Yochanan quoting Rebbi: The Pasuk states (Bamidbar 6, 9), "And if a person will die upon him''. Just as "upon him'' is visible, so too all Tum'ah must be visible. This excludes the Kever Tehom which is not visible.

Query: If a congregation became Tamei through a doubtful Kever Tehom, does the Tzitz cause acceptance?

It is a Kal Vechomer - If for an individual, who is postponed to Pesach Sheni because of Tum'ah, you have allowed the Tzitz to cause acceptance for a doubtful Kever Tehom; a congregation who is strong in that it is not postponed to Pesach Sheni because of Tum'ah, certainly the Tzitz will cause acceptance for a doubtful Kever Tehom!

The leniency that there is for the individual (that even if he discovered the Tum'ah before the throwing of the blood, it is as if it was discovered afterwards and he does not bring a Pesach Sheni as the Tzitz always causes acceptance) does not apply to a congregation (as if it is discovered after the blood was thrown, it is as if it was Tamei before the throwing, in order that he not eat the flesh).

The leniency that there is for the Nazir Tahor, that if the Tum'ah was discovered before the blood was thrown, it is as if he became Tamei after the throwing, so that the Korban will not be brought in Tum'ah; it does not apply to a Nazir Tamei, that if it was discovered after the throwing, it is as if he became Tamei and then became Tamei again - he brings a Korban for each Tum'ah; as the Beraisa teaches that if he became Tamei twice, he brings a Korban of Tum'ah for each one.

Query: If the Kohen who is bringing the Pesach became Tamei from Kever Tehom, does the Tzitz cause acceptance or not?

Answer: It is a Kal Vechomer - if the owners who are weak in that you may not slaughter for the sick or elderly, are strong in that the Tzitz causes acceptance for a doubtful Kever Tehom; the Kohen who is strong in that he may perform Divine service even when sick or old, certainly the Tzitz will cause acceptance for him!

Rejection: If you say it for the owners who are strong in all other Tum'ah throughout the year (that Temeyim send their sacrifices), would you say it for the Kohen who is weak in all other Tum'ah throughout the year. If you say that he is weak in all other Tum'ah throughout the year, he will also be weak in the law of Tum'ah from a corpse on Pesach!

Question: What is the law?

Answer (R. Nachman quoting R. Mana): The Pasuk referring to a person who is too distant to bring the Pesach states "to you'' (plural) - whether it is the owner or the Kohen.

Question: This only teaches the Korban Pesach; what is the source for Nazir?

R. Yosa quoting Rav Chisda: They wanted to suggest from the word "upon him'', that it only refers to the Nazir himself but not the Kohen...

Answer: The Beraisa teaches that a Nazir has the same law as the Pesach - meaning whatever happens to this one happens to that one.