DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TUM'AS NEVEILAH AND TUM'AS MES (Yerushalmi Perek 7 Halachah 2 Daf 35a)
úðé ø' ùîòåï áï éåçé àåîø îôðé îä àîøå äùøõ îèîà áëòãùä îôðé ùäùøõ úçéìú áøééúå áëòãùä
(Beraisa - R. Shimon ben Yochai): Why did they say that ka'Adashah (the size of a lentil) of a Sheretz is Tamei? It is because its initial creation is ka'Adashah.
ø' éåãï áòé äîú éèîà ôçåú îëæéú ãà"ø éåçðï ìäáéà àú äðôì ùàéï áå ëæéú
Questions (R. Yudan): [If so, also] less than k'Zayis of a Mes should be Tamei, [for its initial creation can be less than a k'Zayis], for R. Yochanan said 'this includes a Nefel that does not have a k'Zayis!'
åðáéìä îèîà ëàôåï ãàîø ø' çðéðä àðé øàéúé òâì ëàôåï áùôéø
And the size of a pea of a Neveilah should be Tamei, for R. Chaninah said 'I saw a calf the size of a pea in a fetal sac'!
îàé ëãåï
Question: How [can R. Shimon answer this]?
îãøùåú àîéðà ãøåù å÷áì ùëø
Answer: These are Drashos; [when we can find a reason for the Shi'ur], we expound and receive reward. (We do not learn from it to other places - MAHARHAM DI LUZANZO, KIKAR LA'ADEN. MEICHAL HA'MAYIM and ALEI TAMAR - a Sheretz' initial creation is always ka'Adashah. Regarding Tum'as Mes or Neveilah, the initial creation is normally a k'Zayis, just in special cases, it is less.)
àé æäå ðöì áùø äîú ùðúå÷ åäîåäì ù÷øù
(Beraisa): What is Netzel? It is flesh of a Mes that melted, or liquid came out, and they congealed.
äà òåãäå îçåé ìà ìà ëï àîø ø' çðéðä áùí ø' çìáå äîú ùäúéëå äøé æä èîà çúëå åäúéëå äøé æä èäåø
Question: This implies that while it is melted, no (it is not Metamei). Didn't R. Chaninah say in the name of R. Chelbo, if one melted a Mes, it is Tamei. If he cut it and melted it, it is Tahor?!
ø' éåãï åø' éåñé çã àîø ìäåöéà îé áùø ùáå
Answer #1: R. Yudan and R. Yosi [answered this]. One said, this excludes liquid that came out (it is not Metamei until it congeals, but melted flesh is Tamei even while it is a liquid).
åçøðä àîø ùàí [ãó ìä òîåã á] é÷øù åéäà áå ëæéú éäà îèîà îçåé
Answer #2: The other said, (the Beraisa mentioned congealed) for if it congeals and there is a k'Zayis, it is Tamei (even when it was a liquid).
úðéðï øáé éåñé àåîø áùø äîú ùéáù åàéðå éëåì ìäùøåú åìçæåø ëîåú ùäéä èäåø
(Mishnah - R. Yosi): Flesh of a Mes that dried, and one cannot soak it to return to how it was, it is Tahor.
îàé èòîà ãøáé éåñé
Question: What is R. Yosi's reason?
åìà îï äðáéìä ìîã îï äðáéìä îä ðáéìä àí éáùä èäåøä àó äîú àí éáù éäà èäåø
Answer: Does he not learn from Neveilah? Just like Neveilah, if it dried [and cannot become moist again] it is Tahor, also a Mes, if it dried, it should be Tahor.
øáé àîé áòé àé îä äðáéìä àí ðñøçú èäåøä àó äîú àí ðñøç éäà èäåø îòúä àéï ðöì ëøáé éåñé
Question (R. Ami): If [he learns from] Neveilah, [he should say that] just like Neveilah, if it spoiled, it is Tahor, also a Mes, if it spoiled, it is Tahor. If so, there is no [Tum'as] Netzel according to R. Yosi!
àùëç úðé áùí øáé éåñé éù ðöì
A Beraisa was found in the name of R. Yosi, that there is [Tum'as] Netzel according to R. Yosi!
çáøééà áòåï ÷åîé øáé éåñé àé îä äðáéìä àéï ìä ø÷á àó äîú àéï ìå ø÷á
Question (Talmidim, to the Amora R. Yosi): If [he learns from] Neveilah, [he should say that] just like Neveilah has no [Tum'as] Rekev, also a Mes has no Rekev!
àîø ìåï ìà ìîã äîú îï äðáéìä ìòöîåú àìà ìáùø àéï ø÷á ìáùø éù ø÷á ìòöîåú
Answer (R. Yosi): [The Tana R. Yosi] does not learn about bones from Neveilah, only about flesh. There is no Rekev from flesh, but there is Rekev from bones.
ëäãà ãúðé áø ÷ôøà [îùìé éã ì] åø÷á òöîåú ÷ðàä
This is like Bar Kapara taught - "v'Rekev Atzamos Kin'ah."
øáé éðàé àîø [áîãáø éè èæ] àå á÷áø àôéìå ðâò á÷áø àãí äøàùåï
(R. Yanai): "Oh b'Kever" [is extra, to teach] even if he touched the grave of Adam ha'Rishon (even though Hash-m formed him from the place of the Mizbe'ach, like it says right after this - MEICHAL HA'MAYIM).
çáøééà àîøéï îñøñ ÷øééà àå á÷áø àå áø÷á
(Talmidim): Rearrange the [word in] the verse "Oh b'Kever" [to read] '"Oh b'Rekev."
äåà úðé áø ÷ôøà àåîø àå á÷áø àå áø÷á
Support (Bar Kapara - Beraisa): "Oh b'Kever" - '"Oh b'Rekev."