The reference numbers below that appear in parentheses (e.g., TY #43) represent vessels or parts of the structure of the Beis ha'Mikdash. The labeling follows that of the diagram of the Tiferes Yisrael. This diagram, which has been included in a separate mailing and can also be found on our site (at http://www.dafyomi.co.il/midos/mids-charts.htm), is printed both in the Tiferes Yisrael Mishnayos (Midos Chapter 2 or following Midos) and in Rav P. Kahati's Mishnayos (page 290, at the beginning of Midos).
[36a - 56 lines; 36b - 25 lines]
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We recommend using the textual changes suggested by the Bach and the marginal notes of the Vilna Shas. This section is devoted to any other important corrections that Acharonim have pointed out in the Mishnah, Gemara and Rosh.
[1] Rosh 36b DH Hayu Kevu'im ד"ה היו קבועים:
The words "Muzhavos v'Tzayaros v'Olos k'Ein Ataros" מוזהבות וציירות ועולות כעין עטרות
should be "Muzhavos u'Metzuyaros k'Min Ataros" מוזהבות ומצויירות כמין עטרות (Ezras Kohanim, quoting the Rosh)
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1)[line 1]בקרן מערבית דרומית היו שני בקביםB'KEREN MA'ARAVIS DEROMIS HAYU SHNEI NEKAVIM- and in the southwestern corner [of the Mizbe'ach, on the Yesod adjoining the Mizbe'ach] were two pipes
2)[line 2]כמין שני חוטמיןK'MIN SHNEI CHOTAMIN- like two nostrils
3)[line 7]שבו יורדין לשית ומנקין אותוSHE'BO YORDIN L'SHIS U'MENAKIN OSO- through which they (the Pirchei Kehunah) would go down to the Shisin (a hollow located under the foundation of the Mizbe'ach of the Beis ha'Mikdash, into which the wine libations would flow) to clean it because of the congealed wine (as in Sukah 49a) (the Tana of our Mishnah rules that the Shisin did not go down to the Tehom, but they were finite — ROSH)
4)[line 9]רבובהREVUVAH- a one-Amah square aperture in the western side of the Kevesh
5)[line 10]חטאת העוףCHATAS HA'OF
(a)The offering of the Chatas ha'Of (which is brought by a Zav, Zavah, Yoledes and Nazir Tamei, and by a Metzora who is poor, and by a poor person who was Nishba l'Sheker (see Background to Shevuos 2:1), or who transgressed Shevu'as ha'Edus (see Background to Kerisus 12:7), or was Metamei Mikdash v'Kodashav (see Background to Kerisus 2:10) consists of three procedures (see, for example, Vayikra 5:8-9): Melikah, Hazayah, and Mitzuy.
1.MELIKAH - Standing on the floor of the Azarah near the southwestern corner of the Mizbe'ach, the Kohen cuts the back of the neck of the bird with his right thumbnail. He makes sure to cut one Siman (either the trachea or the esophagus), but does not sever both Simanim ("v'Lo Yavdil" - Vayikra 5:8). (The Melikah of the Chatas anywhere on the Mizbe'ach does not invalidate it — Zevachim 63a.)
2.HAZAYAH - The Kohen sprinkles its blood on the Mizbe'ach (directly from the neck of the bird), below the Chut ha'Sikra (red line) that is located halfway up the Mizbe'ach.
3.MITZUY - The Kohen presses the cut neck of the bird to the Mizbe'ach and squeezes its remaining blood onto the Mizbe'ach.
(b)The Chatas ha'Of is eaten by the Kohanim, in the Azarah, on the day that it is offered and the following night. No part of it was burned on the Mizbe'ach ("Ein Mimenu la'Ishim").
6)[line 12]בקעת בית הכרםBIK'AS BEIS KEREM- from the location of the modern-day suburb of Yerushalayim called Ein Kerem, a place that contained rocks that did not need to be smoothed or chiseled
7)[line 12]בתולהBESULAH- unturned earth
8)[line 16]מלבנים אותן פעמים בשנהMELABNIM OSAN PA'AMAYIM BA'SHANAH- and they whitewashed them twice a year
9)[line 19]מפהMAPAH- with a towel
10)[line 23]טבעותTABA'OS- VS #26, TY #46. Twenty-four rings set into the floor of the Azarah to the north of the Mizbe'ach for use during Shechitah; the animal's neck would be held firmly by the ring which opened and closed on a hinge.
11)[line 26]בית המטבחיםBEIS HA'MITBECHAYIM- VS #24, TY #44-45. The Butchering Chamber, where the slaughtered animals were hung in order to be skinned and cut up
12)[line 27]שמונה עמודים ננסיןSHEMONAH AMUDIM NANASIN- VS #24, TY #44. Eight short posts with hooks used for skinning Korbanos.
13)[line 27]רביעים של ארזREVI'IM SHEL EREZ- square blocks of cedar wood
14)[line 28]אנקליות של ברזלUNKELIYOS SHEL BARZEL- iron hooks
15)[line 31]הכיורHA'KIYOR- VS #31, TY #52. The Water Basin for washing hands and feet (Shemos 30:19-21). It had twelve faucets and was attached to a pulley that lowered it into a well of water.
16)[line 35]רובדROVED- a wide step
17)[line 39]מלתראות / אמלתראותMALTERA'OS / AMALTERA'OS- cornices, horizontal strips of stone, wood or plaster crowning a building or entrance, usually molded and projecting. They served the purpose of (a) beauty (ROSH); (b) strength also, to hold up the sixty Amos of stones that made up the wall of the Ulam above the entryway. (Also, it is not clear that they used stones that were bigger than ten Amos, and the entryway of the Ulam needed a twenty-Amah long lintel) (EZRAS KOHANIM) (The method of using cornices of increasing length higher up the wall was an engineering masterpiece that spread the downward force of the stones out to the sides, making it possible for a one-hundred-Amah wall to stand and not collapse into the entryway — Rav Y. Landy)
18)[line 39]מילא /מילתM ILA / MILAS- (a) a type of cedar (ROSH); (b) a species of oak from which gall-nuts are collected. (Gall nuts (O.F. gales) are (i) an abnormal growth caused by insects; or (ii) the acorns, which are used as a tanning material) (RASHI to Eruvin 3a); (c) Ash wood (RAV P. KEHATI)
19)[line 43]נדבךNIDBACH- and a row of stones
20)[line 44]כלונסות של (אבן) [ארז]KELUNSOS SHEL (EVEN) [EREZ]- (O.F. perches) beams of cedar
21)[line 45]כדי שלא יבעטKEDEI SHE'LO YIV'AT- so that it not collapse (lit. kick)
22)[line 48]העטרותHA'ATAROS- (a) the crowns in the windows of the Heichal (BARTENURA, RASHI to Zecharyah 6:14) or the Ulam (RABEINU SHEMAYAH); the Pirchei Kehunah would climb there for the sheer pleasure of seeing these crowns; (b) the windows of the Ulam that were shaped like crowns; the Pirchei Kehunah would climb there to see if they needed repair (ROSH)
23)[line 48]"והעטרות [תהיה] לחלם ולטוביה [ולידעיה] ולחן בן צפניה לזכרון בהיכל ה'""VEHA'ATAROS [TIHEYEH] L'CHELEM UL'TOVIYAH [VELI'YEDA'YAH] UL'CHEN BEN TZEFANYAH L'ZIKARON B'HEICHAL HASH-M."- "And the crowns shall remain, as a memorial to Chelem, and to Toviyah, and to Yeda'yah, and to Chen the son of Tzefanyah, in the temple of HaSh-m." (Zecharyah 6:14)
24)[line 51]מודלה על גבי כלונסותMUDLEH AL GABEI KELUNSOS- propped up, hung from thin beams, poles (O.F. treille - a trellis)
25)[line 52]עלהALEH- a [golden] leaf
26)[line 53]גרגירGARGIR- a [golden] berry, grape
27)[line 53]אשכולESHKOL- a [golden] cluster [of grapes]
28)[last line]לפנותהLEFANOSAH- (lit. to take it out) to take off the donated gold
36b----------------------------------------36b
PEREK #4 PISCHO SHEL HEICHAL
29)[line 1]היכלHEICHAL- VS #41 (the number is missing from the picture). The Sanctuary, inside of which was the Menorah, the Shulchan of the Lechem ha'Panim, and the Mizbe'ach for the Ketores
30)[line 3]"שתים דלתות להיכל ולקדש""SHETAYIM DELASOS LA'HEICHAL VELA'KODESH"- "And the sanctuary and the Kodesh had two doors." (Yechezkel 41:23)
31)[line 7]טוח בזהבTU'ACH B'ZAHAV- overlaid with gold leaf
32)[line 9]איצטרמיטאITZTERAMITA- shutters
33)[line 10]נקפלות לאחוריהןNIKPALOS L'ACHOREIHEN- and that fold [in half] backwards
34)[line 13]"ושתים דלתות לדלתות שתים מוסבות דלתות שתים לדלת אחת ושתי דלתות לאחרת""U'SHTAYIM DELASOS LA'DELASOS SHETAYIM MUSABOS DELASOS SHETAYIM L'DELES ECHAS U'SHTEI DELASOS LA'ACHERES."- "And the doors had two leaves each, two turning leaves; two leaves for the one door, and two leaves for the other door." (Yechezkel 41:24)
35)[line 15]פשפשיםPISHPESHIN- small doors or gates contained in (or next to) a larger door or gate
36)[line 18]"ויאמר אלי ה' השער הזה סגור יהיה לא יפתח ואיש לא יבא בו כי ה' אלקי ישראל בא בו והיה סגור""VA'YOMER EILAI HASH-M, 'HA'SHA'AR HA'ZEH SAGUR YIHEYEH, LO YIPASE'ACH, V'ISH LO YAVO BO, KI HASH-M ELOKEI YISRAEL BA VO, V'HAYAH SAGUR.'" - "And HaSh-m said to me, 'This gate shall remain shut, it shall not be opened and no man shall enter it, for HaSh-m the G-d of Yisrael shall pass through it, so it shall remain closed.'" (Yechezkel 44:2) (THE GATE THAT REMAINS SHUT)
(a)The Mal'ach that took Yechezkel on a tour of an image of the third Beis ha'Mikdash had just shown him around the Azarah, and he now turned to the Heichal. The gate of the Heichal (which adjoined the Ulam) was flanked by two smaller gates (known as Pishpeshin; see previous entry), one on its north and one on its south.
(b)The gate mentioned in this verse is the southern one, through which the Shechinah is destined to pass. It is therefore not befitting for ordinary mortals to use it. Due to its importance, the Nasi (Mashi'ach) will use it whenever he wishes to eat the meat of the Kodshim Kalim (Shelamim) that he brings to the Beis ha'Mikdash. He shall enter the Pishpesh via the Ulam, and eat his Kodshim in the presence of HaSh-m, before taking leave the same way that he entered.
37)[line 22]מהתאMEHA'TA- from the compartment
38)[line 23]בתוך עוביו של כותל היה מהלךB'SOCH OVYO SHEL KOSEL HAYAH MEHALECH- he would walk [in a passageway] in the width of the wall (and emerge in between the two sets of doors)