(Mishnah): What is the case of Pogemes her Kesuvah? Her Kesuvah was 1000 Zuz, he says that she received it all, and she says that she received only 100. She collects [the rest] only with a Shevu'ah.

What is the case of one witness says that it was paid? Her Kesuvah was 1000 Zuz; he says that she received it, she denies this, and one witness says that it was paid. She collects only with a Shevu'ah.

What is the case of collecting from buyers? Her husband sold his property to others, and she collects from them. She collects only with a Shevu'ah.

What is the case of collecting from orphans? He died and left his property to orphans, and she collects from them. She collects only with a Shevu'ah.

What is the case of collecting not in front of [her husband]? He went overseas, and she collects in his absence. She collects only with a Shevu'ah;

R. Shimon says, whenever she claims her Kesuvah, the heirs can make her swear. If she does not claim her Kesuvah, they cannot make her swear.

(Gemara): Our Mishnah means that [anyone] who collects not in front of [the one from whom he collects], collects only with a Shevu'ah.

Question: Do we collect from someone in his absence?!

Answer (R. Yirmeyah): The case is, Ribis is accumulating in a document.

Question: Does Beis Din collect Ribis?!

Answer: The case is, he was an Arev for a loan from a Nochri. (Had he himself borrowed from the Nochri, we would not collect from his property, lest he does not really owe. Regarding an Arev, we can say that the borrower (a Yisrael) is here, and admits that he owes.)

This is like Alachsah said to R. Mana: We (in Bavel) do better than you (in Eretz Yisrael)! We send a summons [before we collect from someone's property in his absence]. If he comes, this is fine. If not, we give his property [to the claimant].

R. Mana: Also we do so! We announce for 30 days [that we will give his property to the claimant]. If he comes, this is fine. If not, we give his property.

Alachsah: Exert yourself [and you will find the answer]! If [the defendant] was far away (he will not hear the announcements)!

R. Mana: We send three letters [to summons him to Din]. One is within 30 days [of the claim], one within 30 days [of the first], and one within 30 days [of the second]. If he comes, this is fine. If not, we give his property.

(R. Matanyah): This is if he stood in Din and fled, but if he did not stand in Din, and fled, we do not give his property (right away), rather, [first] we announce. (PNEI MOSHE)

[A Mishnah (below, 13:1) teaches that if a man went overseas and his wife requests food, Chanan says that she swears only at the end, when she collects her Kesuvah. In our Mishnah, R. Shimon says that as long as a widow does not claim her Kesuvah, the heirs cannot make her swear about food. When you investigate,] you find that Chanan and R. Shimon taught the same matter. Just like Chanan says that she swears only at the end, R. Shimon says that she swears only at the end. Just like you say that the Halachah follows Chanan, here the Halachah follows R. Shimon.