(Mishnah): A man may testify about the following things that he saw when he was a minor:

A man is believed to say 'this is the signature of my father, this is the signature of my Rebbi, 'this is the signature of my brother';

I remember when Plonis was married she went out with a Hinuma and uncovered hair (like the custom of virgins);

When Ploni left school he would immerse to eat Terumah;

Ploni used to receive Terumah with us at the granaries;

This area is a Beis ha'Pras (a field in which a plow may have scattered bones from a Mes);

We used to walk this far on Shabbos (it is within the Techum in which one may walk);

However, one may not testify [based on what he saw when he was a minor] that Ploni owned a path to his field here, or that he owned the place here where they pause during funeral processions.

(Gemara - Beraisa): This is only things that he is used to (signatures of his father, Rebbi or brothers, but not of others).

(Beraisa): It is only if he joins with others (he is not believed by himself).

Question: (Why does it help to testify that when Ploni left school he would immerse to eat Terumah?) We should be concerned lest he is a [Kohen's] slave!

Answer: This supports what R. Chama bar Ukvah said in the name of R. Yosi bar Chaninah - it is forbidden to teach Torah to one's slave.

Question: Didn't R. Ze'ira teach in the name of R. Yirmeyah that a slave counts towards the seven Aliyos [on Shabbos], and "va'Ydaber" counts towards three verses (the minimum that one may read in the Torah)?

Answer: The case is, the slave learned by himself, or [he was Kosher and] his master taught him, like Tavi (R. Gamliel's slave. This is not common, so we are not concerned that the boy who immersed after school was a Kosher slave. - SEDEI YEHOSHUA)

Question: (Why does it help to testify that when Ploni used to receive Terumah with us at the granaries?) We should be concerned lest he is a [Kohen's] slave!

Answer: This supports what R. Chiyah taught - women and slaves do not receive at the granaries, but one may give to them Matanos Kehunah and Leviyah from the house.

Question: May we take property from someone through testimony [of what people saw when they were minors]?

Note: Why is this not clear from our Mishnah? 'Plonis went out with a Hinuma' causes that she collects 200! Usually, validation of signatures enables collection of a document! In both of these cases, his testimony is supported by a majority (most women are Besulos when they marry) or a Chazakah (Stam documents are not forged). We ask about whether we extract property without a supporting majority or Chazakah. (PF)

What is the case? Everyone knows that until Reuven's field is the Techum of Shabbos, and they came and said 'until here we used to come on Shabbos.' It is found that it is [now considered] Shimon's field. Do we take it from Shimon and return it to Reuven?

Question: Are they believed to say 'they went out to gather unripe figs in Shemitah, and we heard Ploni talking about his wife Plonis, or Plonis talking about her children? (ALEI TAMAR - this resembles the previous question. They did not intend to testify that those people are suspected to transgress Shemitah, or that Plonis is Ploni's wife, or that these are Plonis' children, but it is inferred from their words.)

Question (R. Acha citing R. Shmuel): If they were Huzam [about what they claimed to see when they were minors], do they pay? Or, is this like R. Ba citing Rav Yehudah said in the name of Shmuel, we do not learn a matter from a matter in Edim Zomemin, and so here.

Question: A Beraisa teaches [that one is believed to say that when he was a minor,] we ate at the Ketzitzah of Ploni and Ploni. What is Ketzitzah?

Answer: When a man sells his Sedei Achuzah (field of ancestral inheritance), the relatives fill barrels of parched grain and nuts, and they break them in front of children, and the children gather [the contents] and say 'Ploni was detached from his Achuzah';

When it returned to him, they did so and said 'Ploni returned to his Achuzah.'

(R. Yosi bei R. Bun): Also one who marries a woman improper for (forbidden to) him, his relatives fill barrels with parched grain and nuts, and they break them in front of children, and the children gather and say 'Ploni was detached from his family';

When he divorced her, they did so and said 'Ploni returned to his family.'

(Mishnah): When he is an adult, [he is believed about these things that he saw when he was a minor...

Inference: He is believed only when he is an adult, about what he saw when he was a minor, but not [to testify] when he is a minor.

Question (Mishnah - R. Yochanan ben Brokah): A woman or child is believed to say 'from here, a swarm of bees passed.' [The owner] goes into the field and takes his bees.

There, it says so [he is believed when he is a minor]!

Answer (R. Acha citing Chananyah citing R. Yochanan): R. Yochanan ben Brokah said so only about a swarm of bees, which is not Gezel mid'Oraisa (one owns it only mid'Rabanan).

Limitation: This is only when they are flying, but when they are on a branch, no (then it is Gezel mid'Oraisa).

Question (R. Ze'ira, to R. Mana): Is it not reasonable that he is believed only immediately, but not afterwards?

Answer (R. Mana): Also I think so.

Support (Beraisa): When is this? It is when they testified in that time and place, but if they left and returned, I say that due to fear or enticement they say so.