(Mishnah): Whatever is more frequent has precedence. Whatever is more Kadosh has precedence.

If Par Mashi'ach and the Par of the Tzibur (for sins through Hora'ah) are waiting to be offered, all actions of Par Mashi'ach are before the Tzibur's Par.

A man precedes a woman for sustaining their lives and returning a lost object;

A woman precedes a man for clothing and to be redeemed from captivity;

If both are destined for sexual exploitation, we redeem the man first.

(Gemara): [If the Parim of the Kohen Gadol and Tzibur must be offered,] since this atones and this atones, it is better that the Mechaper (one who brings atonement) precede [his Kaparah to that of] those who get Kaparah (the Tzibur).

Source: It says "v'Chiper ba'Ado uv'Ad Beiso uv'Ad Kol Kahal Yisrael" (the Kohen Gadol atones first for himself, and then for his household and Yisrael).

A Nedavah of the Mashi'ach and a Nedavah of the Nasi - the Nedavah of the Nasi comes first. (This is like GILYON EFRAYIM. Our text is difficult. If for Nedavah the Mashi'ach precedes the Nasi, and the Nasi precedes the Tzibur, all the more so the Mashi'ach precedes the Tzibur! Why was this a question?)

A Nedavah of the Tzibur and a Nedavah of the Nasi - the Nedavah of the Nasi comes first.

Question: A Nedavah of the Mashi'ach and a Nedavah of the Tzibur - which comes first?

Answer: We learn from the following. If a Nedavah of the Mashi'ach and Se'irei Avodah Zarah are standing [to be offered], Se'irei Avodah Zarah come first, for their blood enters inside [the Heichal];

Inference: We said so only because their blood enters inside. This implies that a Nedavah of the Mashi'ach and a Nedavah of the Tzibur (neither blood goes inside), the Nedavah of the Mashi'ach comes first.

Question: If there was a Par (Olah) for idolatry and the Se'ir (Chatas) that comes with it and another Chatas, the Par should precede the Se'ir (for the Torah mentioned it first), the Se'ir should precede the Chatas (for its blood enters inside), and the Chatas should precede the Par (Chatas always precedes Olah). What do they do?

Answer (R. Yosi): Since the Se'ir is Mechusar Zman to (one may not offer it before) the Par, it is as if the Par comes before it, and the Chatas precedes the Par.

A Par for idolatry precedes the Se'ir that comes with it, for the Torah mentioned it first.

Question (R. Shmuel the brother of R. Berachiyah): If so, [the Parim] of Rosh Chodesh (which are Olos) should precede the Se'ir [Chatas] that comes with them, for they are earlier [in the Parshah]!

Answer (R. Ba): You cannot say so, for its Chatas is written lacking [an Aleph, to teach that it is unlike other Chata'os] - "Al Olas ha'Tamid Ye'aseh v'Nisko" - it is put next to (after) Olas ha'Tamid.

A man's Korban and a woman's Korban - the man's Korban is first.

Limitation: This is when both were equal, but if this was a Par and this was a kid, it is like R. Pinchas said in the name of R. Hoshayah - if a slave brings a Par and his master brings a goat, the slave's comes before his master's;

Source (Mishnah): If the Par of the Mashi'ach and the Par of the Tzibur are standing, all actions of Par Mashi'ach are before that of the Tzibur's Par. (NO'AM YERUSHALMI - it did not say "the Korban of the Mashi'ach and the Korban of the Tzibur", for the Mashi'ach's Korban comes first only when the Korbanos are the same.

A case occurred in which R. Eliezer, R. Yehoshua and R. Akiva went to Antuchiya to collect to support Chachamim. There was a man there Aba Yehudah who used to do the Mitzvah (give Tzedakah) generously. Once, he lost his wealth and saw our Rebbeyim, and hid from them [amidst shame that he had nothing to give]. He entered his house, and his face was depressed.

His wife asked him why his face was depressed. He said "our Rebbeyim came, and I do not know what I will do!"

His wife, without was a greater Tzadekes than he, said to him "one field remained for you. Sell half, and give to them! He went and did so, and came to our Rebbeyim and gave to them.

Our Rebbeyim prayed for him, and said "Hash-m should replace your losses."

When they went, he went to plow in his half-field. When he was plowing in his half-field, his cow's leg sank in the ground and broke. He descended to lift it, and Hash-m enlightened his eyes and he found a treasure. He said "it was for my benefit that my cow's leg broke"!

When Rebbeyim returned, they asked about him - what is Aba Yehudah doing? [Others] told them "who can see him?! (He is so esteemed due to his wealth!) Aba Yehudah has much cattle, Aba Yehudah has many camels, Aba Yehudah has many donkeys!

Aba Yehudah returned to like he used to be, and went to our Rebbeyim and greeted them. They asked, what is Aba Yehudah doing?

He said to them "your prayer had Peros and Peirei Peros (tremendous results)!"

They told him "even though others gave more than you at first (beforehand), we wrote you at the top of the list [of donors, due to your great sacrifice]!

They took him and seated him by them, and applied to him the verse "Matan Adam Yarchiv Lo v'Lifnei Gedolim Yanchenu."

R. Chiya bar Ba told people to pledge for a Beis Midrash in Tiverya. There was a man there who pledged a Litra of gold. R. Chiya bar Ba took him and seated him by him, and applied to him the verse "Matan Adam Yarchiv Lo..."

Reish Lakish went to Batzrah. There was there a sly Rebbi. Heaven forbid, he was not a swindler! Rather, he was cunning in Mitzvos. He saw how much the Tzibur pledged, and he pledged as much as all of them.

Reish Lakish took him and seated him by him, and applied to him the verse "Matan Adam Yarchiv Lo..."

(Mishnah): A man precedes a woman...

This is when this one needs [help] to sustain his life, and this one needs to sustain her life, or this one needs clothing and this one needs clothing.

If this one needs [help] to sustain his life, and this one needs clothing, we learn from what R. Yehoshua ben Levi said in the name of R. Antigonus. Clothing for a Chaver's wife and the life of an Am ha'Aretz, clothing for a Chaver's wife comes before an Am ha'Aretz' life, due to the Chaver's honor;

This was said only about clothing for a Chaver's wife in the Chaver's life, but normally, if this one needs [help] to sustain his life, and this one needs clothing, sustaining the life comes first.

[If one sees] his own Aveidah and his father's Aveidah, his own comes first. His Aveidah and his Rebbi's Aveidah, his comes first. His father's Aveidah and his Rebbi's Aveidah, his Rebbi's comes first, for his father brought him to life in this world, and his Rebbi, who taught to him Chachmah, brought him to life in the world to come.

This refers to his Rebbi who taught to him Mishnah, and not his Rebbi who taught to him Mikra (Tanach).

If his father was equal to his Rebbi (in Chachmah), his father comes first.

Question: How did [his father's Chachmah] help? (Still, his father brought him to this world, and his Rebbi brought him to the world to come!)

Answer (R. Yosi bei R. Bun): [If his father was equal to his Rebbi, his father comes first] discusses when he learned half from this one, and half from this one.

Question: His father's Aveidah, from whom he learned half his learning, and the Aveidah of his mother, who was divorced, which comes first? (If they were still married, his father's comes first, for his mother must honor his father.)

Does his father's come first [for he taught him]? Or, is this only if all his learning is from him? (lf not, he may choose which to return first.)

Question: His Rebbi's Aveidah, from whom he learned half his learning, and the Aveidah of his mother, who was divorced, which comes first? (If they were still married, since his Rebbi's precedes his father's, all the more so it is before his mother's!)

Does his Rebbi's come first? Or, is this only if all his learning is from him? (lf not, his mother's comes first.)

His Aveidah, and his mother's Aveidah, and his father's Aveidah (he learned half from his father), and his Rebbi's Aveidah - his comes before his father's, and his father's before his mother's, and his mother's before his Rebbi's.

Question: Do we not learn this from our Mishnah [that his father comes before his mother]? A man precedes a woman for sustaining their lives and returning an Aveidah!

Answer: One might have thought that this is when his Rebbi is not there. This [teaching] comes to teach that it is even if his Rebbi is there (and his mother comes before his Rebbi, since his Rebbi taught him only half, we do not say that since the precedence of a man over a woman does not help for his Rebbi, also for his father it does not help - NO'AM YERUSHALMI.)

Note: Alternatively, the Gemara means that from our Mishnah, we would think that his Rebbi comes before his mother, therefore we need to teach unlike this. It says here "this is when his Rebbi is not there..." for parallel structure with the coming answer.

If he, his mother, his Rebbi and his father are in captivity, he comes before his mother, and his mother before his Rebbi, and his Rebbi before his father.

Question: Do we not learn this from our Mishnah? A woman precedes a man for clothing and to be redeemed from captivity!

Answer: One might have thought that this is when is Rebbi is not there. This [teaching] comes to teach that it is even if his Rebbi is there.

Question: Which is his Rebbi?

Answer #1: It is the one who taught to him Chachmah, whoever opened for him first. R. Meir says so;

Answer #2 (R. Yehudah): It is the one who taught to him most of his learning.

Answer #3 (R. Yosi): It is the one who enlightened his eyes in his Mishnah.

(R. Avahu citing R. Yochanan): The Halachah follows the one who says "the one who taught to him most of his learning."

Question: Why didn't he say "[the Halachah is] like R. Yehudah"?

Answer: Some switch the opinions [in the Beraisa].

R. Liezer tore [on the death of] the one who opened for him first [like R. Meir's opinion]. Shmuel bared his shoulder [on the death of] the one who enlightened his eyes in his Mishnah.

Question: How did that person enlightened [Shmuel's] eyes in his Mishnah?

Answer (R. Yosi bei R. Bun): [A Mishnah in Tamid 3:6 says that] one key [to open the gates of the Heichal], he descends to Amas Beis ha'Shechi, and one he opens straight. [Shmuel did not know] "one, he descends to Amas Beis ha'Shechi." The man explained that he bends an Amah until he can open it.

R. Chananyah was leaning on R. Chiyah bar Ba in Tziparin. He saw everyone running. [R. Chananyah] said "why is everyone running?" [R. Chiyah] said that R. Yochanan is sitting and expounding in the Beis Midrash of R. Beniyah, and everyone is running to hear him.

R. Chananyah: Blessed is Hash-m, who showed to me Peros [of my efforts to teach R. Yochanan] in my lifetime! I explained to him every Agada, except for Mishlei and Koheles.

(Mishnah): If both are destined for sexual exploitation, we redeem the man first.

What is the reason? It is because this is normal for a woman [to have Bi'ah with a man], but it is abnormal for a man [to have Bi'ah with a man].

A case occurred in which R. Yehoshua ascended to Romi. They told him about a [captive] Yerushalmi boy who was red with beautiful eyes and good appearance, and his locks of hair are braided, and he is standing in disgrace.

R. Yehoshua went to check him. Once he reached his door, R. Yehoshua said to him "Mi Nasan li'Mshisah Yakov v'Yisrael l'Bozezim"? The child [finished the verse] "ha'Lo Hash-m Zu Chatanu Lo v'Lo Avu bi'Derachav Haloch v'Lo Sham'u b'Soraso"!

Immediately, R. Yehoshua's eyes flowed with tears. He said, I call Heaven and earth to testify that I will not move from here until I redeem him! He redeemed him for a great amount of money, and sent him to Eretz Yisrael, and applied to him the verse "Bnei Tziyon ha'Yekarim..."

(Mishnah): A Kohen precedes Levi, and a Levi precedes Yisrael, and a Yisrael precedes a Mamzer, and a Mamzer precedes a Nasin (a descendant of the Giv'onim, who converted through trickery; Chachamim decreed that they are like slaves), and a Nasin precedes a convert, and a convert precedes a freed slave.

When is this? It is when they are equal in Chachmah, but a Mamzer Chacham precedes a Kohen Gadol ignoramus.

(Gemara): A Chacham precedes a king. A king precedes a Kohen Gadol. A Kohen Gadol precedes a Navi. A Navi precedes the Mashu'ach Milchamah. A Mashu'ach Milchamah precedes the head of the Mishmar (a division of Kohanim; each week, one Mishmar serves in the Mikdash). The Rosh Mishmar precedes the [Rosh] Beis Av (a subdivision of a Mishmar; each day, one Beis Av serves).

The [Rosh] Beis Av precedes a Markal (the one appointed over the Gizbarim). A Markal precedes a Gizbar. A Gizbar precedes a Kohen Hedyot. A Kohen Hedyot precedes Levi, and a Levi precedes Yisrael, and a Yisrael precedes a Mamzer, and a Mamzer precedes a Nasin. A Nasin precedes a convert, and a convert precedes a freed slave.

When is this? It is when they are equal in Chachmah, but a Mamzer Chacham precedes a Kohen Gadol ignoramus.

A Chacham precedes a king. If a Chacham died, there is no one like him! If a king died, all of Yisrael are proper for kingship.

(R. Yochanan): All 40 days that Moshe was on Har Sinai, he learned Torah and forgot it. At the end, it was given to him for a gift.

Why [did he need to toil] so much [before it was given to him for a gift]? To refute fools (who forget what they learn, and think that they toil for nothing. Moshe shows that this is wrong!)

When R. Simon bar Zavid died, R. Heili ascended and eulogized about him "Ki Yesh l'Kesef Motza... Barzel me'Afar Yikach" - [silver and iron,], if they are lost, they have replacements. If a Chacham died, who will bring like him?!

"Veha'Chachmah me'Ayin Timatzei... v'Ne'elamah me'Einei Kol Chai..." R. Levi said, Yosef's brothers, when they found a Metzi'ah (their money in their sacks), they were stricken with fear - "va'Yetzei Libam." We, who lost R. Simon bar Zavid, all the more so!

A king precedes a Kohen Gadol, for it says "v'Hirkavtem Es Shlomo Beni" (even though Tzadok the Kohen Gadol was there, greater honor was given to Shlomo).

A Kohen Gadol precedes a Navi - "u'Mashach Oso Sham Tzadok ha'Kohen v'Nasan ha'Navi l'Melech" - he mentioned Tzadok before Nasan.

(R. Yonah citing R. Chama bar R. Chaninah): A Navi closes his hands and feet (i.e. does not move, due to humility) in front of a Kohen Gadol. What is the source? "Shma Na Yehoshua ha'Kohen ha'Gadol Atah v'Re'echa ha'Yoshvim Lefanecha...";

Suggestion: Perhaps they were commoners [sitting in front of him]!

Rejection: It says "Ki Anshei Mofes Hemah." Mofes refers only to Nevu'ah, like it says "v'Nasan Lecha Os Oh Mofes."

A Navi precedes the Mashu'ach Milchamah. A Mashu'ach Milchamah precedes the Rosh Mismar. The Rosh Mishmar precedes the [Rosh] Beis Av. The [head of a] Beis Av precedes a Markal. A Markal precedes a Gizbar. A Gizbar precedes a Kohen Hedyot. A Kohen Hedyot precedes Levi, and a Levi precedes Yisrael.

Question: (A Mishnah teaches that if a Levi and Yisrael find a Mes Mitzvah, the Yisrael becomes Tamei, and not the Levi.) Is a Levi not [just like] a Yisrael [regarding Tum'ah]?!

Answer (R. Avun): This was taught about the time of the Duchan (the Levi needs to sing in the Mikdash).

(R. Avun): If a [Nochri comes to] convert and a Mumar (comes to repent from idolatry), the Mumar comes first, due to an episode that occurred [with "Oso ha'Ish", who was a Talmid of R. Yehoshua ben Perachiyah." He wanted to repent, but R. Yehoshua rejected him, and catastrophe resulted!]

Question: Why does everyone pursue [to marry] a female convert, and they do not pursue a freed slave (i.e. they prefer a convert to a freed slave)?

Answer: It is because a female convert is established to be guarded [from Zenus], and a freed slave is b'Chezkas Hefker (men freely had Bi'ah with her).

Question: Why does everyone pursue [to kill] a mouse?

Answer: It is because it acts wickedly with people (it ruins everything, even though things like garments, from which it does not benefit).