Mishnah 1
1)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about a Shali'ach who brings a Get from overseas and declares that although it was ...
1. ... written in his presence, it was not signed in his presence?
2. ... signed in his presence, it was not written in his presence?
(b)The Mishnah goes on to discuss a case where he declares that it was written entirely in his presence but only half-signed, or vice versa. What does 'half-signed' mean?
(c)What does the Tana rule there?
(d)On what condition is the Get Kasher even if the Shali'ach declares that the Get was half-written in his presence?
(e)And on what condition is even that not necessary?
1)
(a)The Mishnah rules that if a Shali'ach brings a Get from overseas and declares that although it was ...
1. ... written in his presence, it was not signed in his presence or ...
2. ... signed in his presence, it was not written in his presence - the Get is Pasul.
(b)The Mishnah goes on to discuss a case where he declares that it was written entirely in his presence but only half-signed - by only one of the witnesses), or vice versa.
(c)There too, the Tana rules - that the Get is Pasul.
(d)The Get is Kasher however, even if the Shali'ach declares that the Get was half-written in his presence - if what he heard was the first half (which contains the names of the man and the woman, and the date [See Tos. Yom-Tov]).
(e)Even that is not necessary - there where he heard the sound of the quill scratching on the parchment.
2)
(a)What does the Tana Kama say about a case where a Get is delivered by two Sheluchim, one of whom declares 'be'Fanai Nichtav' and the other, 'be'Fanai Nechtam'?
(b)On what condition is the Get nevertheless Kasher?
(c)Why is that?
(d)What does Rebbi Yehudah say about this case?
(e)Like whom is the Halachah?
2)
(a)The Tana Kama rules that in a case where a Get is delivered by two Sheluchim, one of whom declares 'be'Fanai Nichtav' and the other, 'be'Fanai Nechtam' - the Get is Pasul ...
(b)... unless they both produce the Get (See Tos. Yom-Tov) ...
(c)... because two Sheluchim who deliver a Get do not need to say 'be'Fanai Nichtav ... '.
(d)According to Rebbi Yehudah - the Get is Kasher in any case (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(e)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
3)
(a)What does the Mishnah finally rule in a case where one Shali'ach declares 'be'Fanai Nichtav and two, be'Faneinu Nechtam'?
3)
(a)The Mishnah finally rules, in a case where one Shali'ach declares 'be'Fanai Nichtav and two, be'Faneinu Nechtam' - that the Get is Kasher (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
Mishnah 2
4)
(a)According to the Tana Kama, what did Chazal do to prevent the scenario of a man giving his niece (to whom he is married and) who has committed adultery, an undated Get to save her from the death-penalty?
(b)What does the Mishnah now say about a Get that is written ...
1. ... by day and signed on the same day or written by night and signed the same night?
2. ... by night and signed the following day?
3. ... by day and signed the following night?
(c)What is the reason for the difference between the last two cases?
4)
(a)According to the Tana Kama, to prevent the scenario of a man giving his niece (to whom he is married [See Tos. Yom-Tov] and) who has committed adultery, an undated Get to save her from the death-penalty - Chazal instituted that every Get must be dated.
(b)The Mishnah now rules that a Get that is written ...
1. ... by day and signed on the same day or written by night and signed the same night, as well as one that is written ...
2. ... by night and signed the following day - is Kasher, but one that is written ...
3. ... by day and signed the following night - is Pasul ...
(c)... because it is post-dated (and does therefore not serve its purpose), whereas in the previous case, the day follows the night.
5)
(a)Rebbi Shimon rules that the last Get is also Kasher. In which basic point does he argue with the Tana Kama?
(b)What does 'Peiros' mean?
(c)Why does he therefore declare the latter Get Kasher?
(d)What does he say about all other post-dated 'Gitin'? What does 'Gitin' mean?
(e)Like whom is the Halachah?
5)
(a)Rebbi Shimon rules that the last Get is also Kasher. He argues with the Tana Kama in that, according to him - the reason for dating a Get is on account of Peiros and not because of the infidelity of his niece (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)Peiros' refers to - the husband's rights to eat or to sell all the fruit of his wife's Nechsei Milug, which he will continue selling after the divorce and, claiming that the divorce took place after the sale.
(c)He therefore declares the latter Get Kasher - since he anyway loses his rights to the Peiros the moment he decides to divorce his wife.
(d)He concedes that 'all other post-dated Gitin' - (i.e. Sh'taros) are Pasul (as we learned at the beginning of Rosh ha'Shanah).
(e)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
Mishnah 3
6)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about a Get that is written with ...
1. ... red paint, sap, or Kankantum (vitriol)?
2. ... liquid or fruit-juice?
(b)On which dual principle are these rulings based?
(c)On what condition does the Tana permit writing a Get on ...
1. ... an olive-leaf?
2. ... the horn of a cow or the hand of an Eved?
(d)How does he learn this from the Pasuk "Vekasav lah Seifer Kerisus Venasan be'Yadah"?
6)
(a)It The Mishnah rules that a Get that is written with ...
1. ... red paint, sap, or Kankantum (vitriol) - is Kasher.
2. ... liquid or fruit-juice - is Pasul.
(b)These rulings are based on the dual principle - that as long as the writing will last it is Kasher (See Tos. Yom-Tov), but if it will fade, it is Pasul.
(c)The Tana permits writing a Get on ...
1. ... an olive-leaf (See Tos.Yom-Tov) - provided it is detached, and ...
2. ... the horn of a cow or the hand of an Eved - provided the man gives his wife the cow and the Eved as well.
(d)He learns this from the Pasuk "Vekasav lah Seifer Kerisus Venasan be'Yadah" - which implies that the Get is Kasher as long as it requires only writing and handing over, but not if it also needs to be cut off.
7)
(a)What does Rebbi Yossi ha'Gelili say about writing a Get on something that is alive or on a food?
(b)How does he learn this from the word "Seifer" (a scroll)?
(c)How does the Tana Kama counter Rebbi Yossi ha'Gelili's D'rashah? What does he learn from "Seifer"?
7)
(a)Rebbi Yossi ha'Gelili - prohibits writing a Get on something that is alive or on a food (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)He learns this from the word "Seifer" (a scroll) - which is neither alive nor is it a food.
(c)The Tana Kama counters Rebbi Yossi ha'Gelili's D'rashah by learning from "Seifer" that - the Get must relate the separation ('Sefiras Devarim').
Mishnah 4
8)
(a)Why can a Get not be written on something that is 'Mechubar le'Karka' (attached to the ground)?
(b)On what condition does the Tana Kama ostensibly permit it?
(c)What the Tana really means is that if one writes the Tofeis before detaching it, and the Toreif afterwards, it is Kasher. What is ...
1. ... the 'Tofeis'?
2. ... the 'Toreif'?
(d)What does Rebbi Yehudah say?
8)
(a)A Get cannot be written on something that is 'Mechubar le'Karka' (attached to the ground) - because it still needs to be detached (as we explained in the previous Mishnah).
(b)The Tana Kama ostensibly permits it - provided it is signed after it has been detached.
(c)What the Tana really means is that if one writes ...
1. ... the Tofeis (the bulk of the Get, excluding the names of the husband and wife and the date) before detaching it, and ...
2. ... the Toreif (the names of the husband and wife and the date) afterwards, it is Kasher (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(d)Rebbi Yehudah - invalidates the Get unless both the Tofeis and the Toreif are written after it has been detached.
9)
(a)Rebbi Yehudah ben Beseira invalidates a Get that is written and signed (See Tos. Yom-Tov) on 'paper' that contains writing that has been erased or on Dift'ra. What is 'Dift'ra' (See Tiferes Yisrael)?
(b)What is his reason?
(c)On what grounds do the Chachamim disagree with Rebbi Yehudah ben Beseira?
(d)What will they hold by other Sh'taros?
(e)Like whom is the Halachah?
9)
(a)Rebbi Yehudah ben Beseira invalidates a Get that is written and signed (See Tos. Yom-Tov) on 'paper' that contains writing that has been erased or on Dift'ra - skin that has been only partially tanned (See Tiferes Yisrael) ...
(b)... because one can easily erase the writing up to the signatures and rewrite whatever one wants.
(c)The Chachamim disagree with Rebbi Yehudah ben Beseira however - because they hold 'Eidei Mesirah Karti' (It is the witnesses who see the handing over of the Sh'tar that validate the Get) See Tos. Yom-Tov.
(d)They will concede however - that other Sh'taros that are written in this way are Pasul (See Tos. Yom-Tov DH 'va'Chachamim Machshirin').
(e)The Halachah is - like the Chachamim.
Mishnah 5
10)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about a 'Chashu' (Cheresh, Shoteh ve'Katan) writing a Get?
(b)On what condition is it Kasher?
(c)Why then, may a Nochri and an Eved not write a Get on the same condition?
(d)On what condition is a Get that is written by a Nochri or an Eved nevertheless Kasher Bedi'eved?
(e)Having said that, on what condition do we allow a Katan to write a Get (even under supervision)?
10)
(a)The Mishnah - permits a 'Chashu' (Cheresh, Shoteh ve'Katan) to write a Get (See Tos. Yom-Tov) ...
(b)... provided a Gadol stands next to him and reminds him to write it Lish'mah (in the name of the man and woman on whose behalf it is being written).
(c)A Nochri and an Eved are not permitted to write a Get on the same condition - seeing as they are b'nei-Da'as and do things on their own volition (irrespective of what they are told).
(d)A Get that is written by a Nochri or an Eved is nevertheless Kasher Bedi'eved - as long as a Yisrael wrote the Toreif.
(e)Having said that, we only allow a Katan to write a Get (even under supervision) - provided a Gadol writes the Toreif.
11)
(a)What does the Tana say about ...
1. ... a woman writing her own Get?
2. ... a man writing his own receipt?
(b)What is the reason for the former ruling?
11)
(a)The Tana permits ...
1. ... a woman to write her own Get (See Tos. Yom-Tov), and ...
2. ... a man to write his own receipt (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)The reason for the former ruling is - because a Get is substantiated by its signatories (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
12)
(a)Three of the exceptions that are not eligible to deliver a Get overseas are a 'Chashu'. Why is that?
(b)What are the other two.
(c)What is the reason for ...
1. ... the former.
2. ... the latter.
12)
(a)Three of the exceptions that are not eligible to deliver a Get overseas are a 'Chashu' - because they are not b'nei Da'as (intelligent like a normal grown-up).
(b)The other two are - a blind man and a Nochri.
(c)The ...
1. ... former is Pasul - because he cannot declare 'be'Fanai Nichtav ... ' (See Tos. Yom-Tov); the ...
2. ... latter - because he himself is not subject to the Din of Gitin and Kidushin (so he cannot be a Shali'ach for others).
13)
(a)Why is a blind man permitted deliver a Get in Eretz Yisrael?
(b)On what condition is he permitted to deliver a Get even from Chutz la'Aretz?
(c)What about receiving the Get on behalf of the woman?
13)
(a)A blind man may deliver a Get in Eretz Yisrael (since he does not need to declare 'be'Fanai Nichtav ... ').
(b)He is permitted to deliver a Get even from Chutz la'Aretz - provided it has been substantiated (See Tos. Yom-Tov) ...
(c)... and he is also permitted to receive the Get on behalf of the woman.
Mishnah 6
14)
(a)Following on from the previous Mishnah, what does the Tana say about a case where, after receiving the Get from the man, a Katan, a blind man, a Shoteh or a Nochri become a Gadol, is cured from his blindness or mental illness, or converts before delivering the Get to the woman?
(b)Under what circumstances does he validate the Get?
(c)Which of the initial cases ...
1. ... is not included in the latter ruling?
2. ... does not actually require the Shali'ach to regain his former state of health?
(d)Then why does the Tana say that he does?
(e)On what principle does the Mishnah base the above rulings?
14)
(a)Following on from the previous Mishnah, in a case where after receiving the Get from the man, a Katan, a blind man, a Shoteh or a Nochri become a Gadol, is cured from his blindness or mental illness, or converts before delivering the Get to the woman, the Tana rules that - the Get is nevertheless Pasul.
(b)He validates the Get however - if all of the above Pesulim occurred only after they received the Get and they became cured before handing it over.
(c)The initial case that ...
1. ... is not included in the former ruling - is that of a Nochri, since he cannot reverse his Geirus..
2. ... does not actually require the Shali'ach to regain his former state of health is - that of a blind man ...
(d)... and the reason that the Tana says that he does is - in order to match the case of the Shoteh who must regain his sanity.
(e)The Mishnah bases the above rulings on the principle - 'Zeh ha'Kelal, Kol she'Techilaso ve'Sofo be'Da'as (See Tos. Yom-Tov), Kasher'.
15)
(a)What is the Din regarding appointing Shali'cah someone who is Pasul le'Eidus on account of a sin that he committed?
(b)Why is that?
(c)On what condition is he nevertheless Kasher?
15)
(a)Someone who is Pasul le'Eidus on account of a sin that he committed - cannot be a Shali'ach to deliver a Get ...
(b)... because when he declares 'be'Fanai Nichtav ...', he is not believed.
(c)He is Kasher however - if the Get has been substantiated (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
Mishnah 7
16)
(a)What is the significance (in the realm of Dinei Nashim) of a woman's mother-in-law and sister-in-law (the former's daughter)?
(b)Why is that?
(c)Why does the Mishnah mention them here (with regard to delivering a Get)?
(d)Who else, besides her rival wife, does the Tana include in the list?
(e)Why the difference?
16)
(a)A woman's mother-in-law and sister-in-law (the former's daughter) - are not believed to testify that the woman's husband died ...
(b)... because she hates her and we suspect that she is out to incriminate her.
(c)The Mishnah mentions them here - to teach us that they are nevertheless eligible to deliver a Get.
(d)Besides her rival wife, the Tana also includes in the list - her step-daughter.
(e)The difference is due to the fact - that in this case, the Get supports the testimony of the Shali'ach (See also Tos. Yom-Tov).
17)
(a)On what condition is a woman believed to bring her own Get from Chutz la'Aretz to Eretz Yisrael?
(b)On what condition is this necessary?
(c)What procedure does that Beis-Din then follow?
(d)What will the Din otherwise be with regard to a woman who produces her own Get anywhere in the world?
(e)What if the signatures on the Get have not been substantiated?
17)
(a)A woman is believed to bring her own Get from Chutz la'Aretz to Eretz Yisrael - provided she declares 'be'Fanai Nichtav u've'Fanai Nechtam!' (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)This is only necessary however - there where her husband stipulated that she is only to be divorced in such and such a Beis-Din together with the declaration 'be'Fanai Nichtav ...' (See Tos. Yom-Tov DH 'u'Bil'vad').
(c)That Beis-Din then - takes the Get from her and appoints a Shali'ach to hand it back to her.
(d)Otherwise, a woman who produces her own Get anywhere in the world - is automatically divorced, without having to make a declaration ...
(e)... even if the signatures on the Get have not been substantiated.
