Mishnah 1
1)
(a)What does the Tana say about a Get that is not written on behalf of a specific (man or) woman?
(b)What is the case cited in the Mishnah?
(c)What if the Sofer wrote the Get in the name of a specific man and woman, only another couple with the same name wish to use it for themselves?
(d)Which third case does the Tana insert?
(e)Of what significance is the Tana's use of the term 'Gedolah u'Ketanah'?
1)
(a)The Tana rules that a Get which is not written on behalf of a specific (man or) woman - is Pasul.
(b)The case cited in the Mishnah is - where a man is walking in the street when he overhears Sofrim reading aloud the wording of the Get that they are writing 'So-and-so is divorcing so-and-so', and where both names happen to coincide with both his name and that of his wife.
(c)And ythe same will apply - even if the Sofer wrote the Get in the name of a specific man and woman, only another couple from the same town, with the same names now wish to use it for themselves (See Tos. Yom-Tov) and even if ...
(d)... the Sofer wrote the Get in the name of the man's older wife, and he now wants to divorce his younger wife who has the same name (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(e)The Tana's use of the term 'Gedolah u'Ketanah' - has no significance whatsoever.
2)
(a)What will be the Din if, in the previous case, the husband asks the Sofer to write the Get in the name of either of his wives, and he will decide later which one to divorce?
(b)On which famous principle is this latter ruling based?
2)
(a)If, in the previous case, the husband asks the Sofer to write the Get in the name of either of his wives, and he will decide later which one to divorce - the Get is still Pasul ...
(b)... due to the principle 'Ein B'reirah' (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
Mishnah 2
3)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses a Sofer who writes Tofsei Sh'taros in advance. Which three details must he leave blank?
(b)Which additional detail does the Gemara add?
(c)Besides the date, which ...
1. ... three details must the Sofer leave blank when writing Tofsei Sh'tarei Milveh?
2. ... four details must he leave blank whwhen writing Tofsei Sh'tarei Mekach,?
(d)From which Pasuk in Ki Seitzei do we learn that a Get must be written 'li'Shemah'?
(e)On what grounds does the Tana Kama ...
1. ... extend the obligation to leave the Toref blank to other Sh'taros?
2. ... permit writing Tofsei Gitin and Sh'taros?
3)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses a Sofer who writes Tofsei Sh'taros in advance. The three details must he leave blank are - the names of the man, the woman and the date.
(b)The Gemara adds - 'Harei At Muteres le'Chal Adam'.
(c)Besides the date, when writing ...
1. Tofsei Sh'tarei Milveh - the Sofer must leave blank the names of both the creditor and the debtor and the amount of the loan ...
2. ... Tofsei Sh'tarei Mekach, he must leave blank - the names of the seller and the purchaser, the field that is being sold and the amount of money that the purchaser is paying.
(d)We learn that a Get must be written 'li'Shemah' from the Pasuk in Ki Seitzei - "ve'Kasav lah", 'lah, li'Shemah'.
(e)The Tana Kama ...
1. ... extends the obligation to leave the Toref blank to other Sh'taros - because he decrees them on account of Gitin.
2. ... permits writing Tofsei Gitin and Sh'taros - to facilitate the work of the Sofrim ('Mipnei ha'Takanah'), so that they have spare Sh'taros ready when they need them.
4)
(a)What does the Tana mean when he states ...
1. ... 'Rebbi Yehudah Poseil be'Chulan'?
2. ... 'Rebbi Elazar Machshir be'Chulan Chutz mi'Gitei Nashim'?
(b)In which point does ...
1. ... Rebbi Yehudah argue with the Tana Kama?
2. ... Rebbi Elazar argue with the Tana Kama?
(c)Like whom is the Halachah?
4)
(a)When the Tana states ...
1. ... 'Rebbi Yehudah Poseil be'Chulan', he means that - he decrees the Tofeis on account of the Toreif, as well as other Sh'taros on account of Gitin.
2. ... 'Rebbi Elazar Machshir be'Chulan Chutz mi'Gitei Nashim' - he means that he permits writing even the Toref of other Sh'taros in advance.
(b)The Tana Kama decrees other Sh'taros on account of Gitin, but not the Tofeis on account of the Toreif, whereas ...
1. ... Rebbi decrees the Tofeis on account of the Toreif as well, and ...
2. ... Rebbi Elazar decrees the Tofeis on account of the Toreif but not other Sh'taros on account of Gitin.
(c)The Halachah is - like Rebbi Elazar (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
Mishnah 3
5)
(a)The Mishnah declares Kasher a Get that the Shali'ach loses on the way and finds again, provided he finds it le'Altar. What does 'le'Altar' mean?
(b)On what condition (besides a clear Si'man on the Get itself) will it be Kasher even if he finds it only after a long time?
(c)What is an example of a clear Si'man that the witnesses (See Tos.Yom-Tov) can identify.
(d)And on what condition will the Get be Kasher even if there is no such Si'man?
5)
(a)The Mishnah declares Kasher a Get that the Shali'ach loses on the way and finds it again - provided he finds it 'le'Altar' - immediately (See Tiferes Yisrael & Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)Besides if there is a clear Si'man on the Get itself that the witnesses (See Tos. Yom-Tov) can identify, it will it be Kasher even if he finds it only after a long time - if the Shali'ach lost it in a location which is not on a caravan route (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)An example of a clear Si'man that the witnesses (See Tos. Yom-Tov) can identify is - a hole next to a specific letter.
(d)The Get will also be Kasher even if there is no such Si'man - if they claim that this is the only Get on which they ever signed.
6)
(a)What does the Tana say about a lost and found Get, if it was in a Chafisah or a Deluskema (leather containers)?
(b)And on what final condition does he validate the Get even where none of the above conditions apply?
6)
(a)The Tana - validates the lost and found Get if it was in a Chafisah or a Deluskema (leather containers).
(b)And he finally validates the Get even where none of the above conditions apply- if Shali'ach recognizes it (Tevi'as Ayin [See Tos. Yom-Tov]).
7)
(a)The Tana now discusses the Shali'ach of an old or sick man who delivers a Get. What does he instruct the Shali'ach to do?
(b)On what principle is this ruling based?
(c)Based on the same principle, what does the Mishnah say about a bas Yisrael married to a Kohen, whose husband went overseas?
(d)What similar ruling does the Tana issue regarding someone who sends a Shali'ach with his Chatas from overseas, with instructions to sacrifice it on his behalf?
7)
(a)The Tana, discussing the Shali'ach of an old or sick man (See Tos. Yom-Tov) who delivers a Get - instructs him to fulfill his Shelichus ...
(b)... based on the principle - 'Ha'amed Davar al Chezkaso' (that since he left the husband alive, we assume that he is still alive [See Tos. Yom-Tov]).
(c)Based on the same principle, the Mishnah rules that a bas Yisrael married to a Kohen, whose husband went overseas - may continue to eat Terumah (on the assumption that he is still alive [See Tos. Yom-Tov]).
(d)Similarly, the Tana rules that if someone sends a Shali'ach with his Chatas from overseas, with instructions to sacrifice it on his behalf - the latter may go ahead and bring it, based on the same assumption (See Tos. Yom-Tov DH 'ha'Shole'ach Chataso' & 'Makrivin Oso').
8)
(a)In the former case, what will be the Din if we know that the husband died before the Get has reached his wife's hands?
(b)And what do we do with the Chatas if the owner died before it has been sacrificed?
(c)Which principle forms the basis of ...
1. ... the former Halachah?
2. ... the latter Halachah?
8)
(a)In the former case, if we know that the husband died before the Get has reached his wife's hands - we instruct the Shali'ach not to deliver it, and if ...
(b)... in the case of the Chatas, the owner died before it has been sacrificed - it must die.
(c)The principle that forms the basis for ...
1. ... the former Halachah is - 'Ein Get le'Achar Misah'.
2. ... the latter Halachah is - 'Chatas she'Meisu Be'alehah, Meisah'.
Mishnah 4
9)
(a)Two of the three things that Rebbi Elazar ben P'rata said to the Chachamim concern a city that has been besieged by the enemy and a ship that is floundering in the ocean. What did he say about them?
(b)What is the third thing?
(c)How did the Chachamim react to his rulings?
9)
(a)Two of the three things that Rebbi Elazar ben P'rata said to the Chachamim concern a city that has been besieged by the enemy and a ship that is floundering in the ocean (See Tos. Yom-Tov). He ruled - that they have a Chezkas Kayamin (a Chazakah that they are still intact).
(b)The third thing with a Chezkas Kayam is - a person who is being taken to court to be judged on a matter concerning the death-sentence (See Tos. Yom-Tov DH 've'ha'Yotzei Lehareg').
(c)The Chachamim reacted - by accepting his rulings.
10)
(a)What did Rebbi Elazar ben P'rata conclude with regard to the above three cases, but where the city has been captured, the ship has sunk and the husband is being led 'to the gallows'?
(b)What is the ruling that he describes as ...
1. ... 'Chumrei Meisim'?
2. ... 'Meisim Chayim'?
10)
(a)With regard to the above three cases, but where the city has been captured, the ship has broken up (See Tos. Yom-Tov) and the husband is being led 'to the gallows', Rebbi Elazar ben P'rata concluded - that one places on him Chumrei Chayim and Chumrei Meisim.
(b)The ruling that he describes as ...
1. ... 'Chumrei Meisim' is - there where a bas Yisrael is married to a Kohen, in which case she is no longer permitted to eat Terumah.
2. ... 'Chumrei Chayim' is - where a bas Kohen is married to a Yisrael, where she too, is not permitted to eat Terumah.
Mishnah 5
11)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about the Shali'ach of a Get in Eretz Yisrael who falls ill?
(b)What if he is healthy?
(c)What does the Tana say about a case where the husband asks the Shali'ach to take a certain object from his wife and bring it back to him?
(d)On which principle is this ruling based?
11)
(a)The Mishnah rules that the Shali'ach of a Get in Eretz Yisrael who falls ill - is permitted to appoint a Shali'ach to deliver it (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)If he is healthy - he is forbidden to do so (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)The Tana rules in a case where the husband asks the Shali'ach to take a certain object from his wife and bring it back to him that - he is not permitted to appoint a Shali'ach to deliver the Get, even in the event that he falls ill ...
(d)... due to the principle that 'a person does not want his Pikadon (article that he has placed with one person) to be in the hands of somebody else (See Tiferes Yisrael).
Mishnah 6
12)
(a)Why will the Din differ from the first case in the previous Mishnah if the Shaliach who falls ill is from Chutz la'Aretz?
(b)What does the Tana therefore obligate him to do before appointing a second Shali'ach?
(c)What does the second Shali'ach therefore have to declare when delivering the Get?
(d)What can we extrapolate from the fact that, when presenting this Din, the Tana says 'Shali'ach Acharon', rather than 'Shali'ach Sheini'?
12)
(a)The Din will differ from the first case in the previous Mishnah, if the Shali'ach who falls ill is from Chutz la'Aretz - because he is then obligated to declare 'be'Fanai Nichtav ... ' (which the second Shali'ach is unable to do).
(b)The Tana therefore obligates him - to form a Beis-Din and declare 'be'Fanai Nichtav ... ', before appointing the second Shali'ach.
(c)Consequently, when delivering the Get, the second Shali'ach has to declare -that he is a Shali'ach Beis-Din.
(d)From the fact that, when presenting this Din, the Tana says 'Shali'ach Acharon', rather than 'Shali'ach Sheini', we can extrapolate that - in the latter case, the second Shali'ach may appoint a third Shali'ach (should he too fall ill [See Tos. Yom-Tov]), and the third Shali'ach, a fourth one, even as many as a hundred (provided each one hands over to the next Shali'ach in front of a Beis-Din).
Mishnah 7
13)
(a)If a person has lent money to a Kohen, what does the Mishnah allow him to do in order to exact payment from him?
(b)What if his debtor is a Levi or an Ani?
(c)What must he be careful to do before eating the Ma'aser Rishon?
(d)What difference will it make whether he regularly gives his Terumah, Ma'aser Rishon or Ma'aser Ani to this specific Kohen, Levi or Ani or not?
13)
(a)If a person has lent money to a Kohen, the Mishnah allows him - to separate Terumah, to sell it to a Kohen and to keep the proceeds (in lieu of payment).
(b)If his debtor is a Levi or an Ani- he is even allowed to separate Ma'aser Rishon or Ma'aser Ani and eat it himself.
(c)He must be careful however - to separate T'rumas Ma'aser from the Ma'aser Rishon before eating it.
(d)The above will only apply - assuming that he regularly gives his Terumah, Ma'aser Rishon or Ma'aser Ani to the debtor (See Tos. Yom-Tov). Otherwise - he is obligated to first be Mezakeh it to them through a third person before selling or eating it.
14)
(a)What is the Tana not afraid might happen in the case of the Kohen or the Levi?
(b)What additional fear might we have with regard to the Ani?
(c)In the event that any of the above do die, on what condition will the creditor be permitted to continue deducting from the debt in the above manner?
(d)Why is that?
(e)On what condition is this not necessary?
14)
(a)The the Tana not afraid - that the Kohen or the Levi may have died ...
(b)... or that the Ani - may have become wealthy.
(c)In the event that any of the above do die or the poor man does become wealthy, the creditor will be permitted to continue deducting from the debt in the above manner - only with the consent of the deceased's heirs (See Tos. Yom-Tov) ...
(d)... who may prefer to receive the 'Matanah' and pay from another source.
(e)This is not necessary however - if the creditor originally lent the debtor the money in front of Beis-Din (See Tos. Yom-Tov DH 'Im Hilvan' & 'Eino Tzarich').
Mishnah 8
15)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about someone who sets aside fruit from which to separate T'rumos and Ma'asros on the fruit that he eats?
(b)What is the equivalent case regarding Ma'aser Sheini?
(c)What will be the problem if the owner then discovers that the fruit or money has got lost?
(d)What is he therefore obligated to do with the fruit on which he separated and which he has not yet eaten?
(e)How long back must he suspect that that fruit is Tevel, according to Rebbi Elazar ben Shamu'a?
15)
(a)The Mishnah rules that if someone sets aside fruit from which to separate T'rumos and Ma'asros on the fruit that he eats (See Tos. Yom-Tov) - he is permitted to eat without worrying that it got lost.
(b)The equivalent case regarding Ma'aser Sheini is - where he put aside money to redeem it.
(c)If the owner then discovers that the fruit or money got lost the problem is that - the fruit that he has been eating on the assumption that it has been Ma'asered may now still be Tevel.
(d)Consequently, he is now obligated - to separate Ma'asros again from another source on the fruit that he has not yet eaten.
(e)According to Rebbi Elazar ben Shamu'a, He must suspect that that fruit is Tevel - only as far back as twenty-four hours (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
16)
(a)In connection with the previous ruling, Rebbi Yehudah gives three dates as to when one examines wine annually. Why is this necessary specifically with regard to wine?
(b)One of the dates is Motza'ei Succos. On what condition does Rebbi Yehudah require the wine to be examined?
(c)The second date is when the grapes still growing on the tree have reached the stage of S'madar. What is 'S'madar' (See Tos. Yom-Tov)?
16)
(a)In connection with the previous ruling, Rebbi Yehudah gives three dates as to when one examines wine annually - in case the wine has turned into vinegar, and one is not permitted to separate vinegar to cover wine.
(b)One of the dates is Motza'ei Succos. Rebbi Yehudah requires the wine to be examined - if the east-wind has blown on that day (See Tos.Yom-Tov).
(c)The second date is when the grapes still growing on the tree have reached the stage of 'S'madar' - when the flowers turn into grapes, which are now visible in the form of tiny clusters.
17)
(a)The third date is when 'water' gets into the Boser. What is 'Boser'?
(b)One explanation is when the Boser becomes naturally moist. What is the other explanation?
(c)What is the Halachah?
17)
(a)The third date is when 'water' gets into the Boser - when the grapes attain the size of white beans.
(b)One explanation is when the Boser becomes naturally moist; the other - when one minces the Boser and adds water, to form vinegar that is used as a dip.
(c)The Halachah is - like Rebbi Yehudah.
