[28a - 39 lines; 28b - 56 lines]

1)[line 1]פוטיתאPUTISA- name of a small fish or other water creature

2)[line 1]נמלהNEMALAH- an ant

3)[line 2]צירעהTZIR'AH- a hornet

4)[line 7]הרקקHA'REKAK- mud

5)[line 10]כללא בתרא דוקאKELALA BASRA DAVKA- the final Klal (generalization) is the main one

6)[line 10]פרט וכלל נעשה כלל מוסף על הפרטPRAT U'KLAL, NA'ASEH KLAL MOSIF AL HA'PRAT

(a)In the Introduction to the Sifra (the Halachic Midrash to Vayikra), Rebbi Yishmael, who is Doresh Klalei and Pratei (see Background to Shabbos 27:23), lists thirteen methods that Chazal use for extracting the Halachah from the verses of the Torah. One of them is "Prat u'Chlal, Na'aseh Klal Mosif Al ha'Prat."

(b)When a Prat (specification) is followed by a Klal (general term), then the Halachah of the verse is all-inclusive and applies to all of the cases of the general category.

7)[line 14]כלל ופרט ואין בכלל אלא מה שבפרטKLAL U'PRAT, EIN B'KLAL ELA MAH SHEB'PRAT

(a)See above, entry #6a. One of the thirteen methods that Chazal use for extracting the Halachah from the verses of the Torah is "Klal u'Frat, Ein ba'Klal Ela Mah sheba'Prat."

(b)When a Klal (general term) is followed by a Prat (specification), without teaching any new Halachos that pertain to that Prat, then the Halachah of the verse is limited and applies only to the Prat.

8)[line 19]פעפועיןPA'APU'IN- (a) (O.F. joteles) a type of beet; (b) the name of a herb, probably a type of cress

9)[line 19]חלגלוגותCHALAGLOGOS- (O.F. polpier) the purslane plant

10)[line 19]גודגדניותGUDGEDANIYOS- (O.F. aillendre) coriander

11)[line 20]חזיזCHAZIZ- grain in its earliest stage of growth (which is usually used as animal fodder)

12)[line 20]כפניותKAFNIYOS- poor-quality dates that have not completely ripened

13)[line 22]חשוכי בניםCHASUCHEI BANIM- people who are childless

14)[line 29]הנדקוקי מדאיHINDEKOKEI MADA'EI- Median Gudgedaniyos (see above, entry #10)

15)[line 30]כשותKESHUS- (O.F. homlon) hops

16)[line 34]הפולHA'POL- beans

17)[line 35]התילתןHA'TILTAN- fenugreek

18)[line 36]השחלייםHA'SHACHALAYIM- (O.F. cresson) a type of cress

19)[line 37]הגרגירHA'GARGIR- (O.F. orugue, Eruca sativa, the rocket plant) a medicinal plant that is beneficial for the eyes

20)[line 37]מתעשרין ירק וזרעMIS'ASRIN YEREK V'ZERA- tithes are taken from their stalks and leaves and from their seeds

21)[last line]מתעשרין זרע וירקMIS'ASRIN ZERA V'YEREK- tithes are taken from their seeds and from their stalks and leaves; however, the primary produce is the seed. Therefore, the type of Ma'aser for the entire plant depends on the period of time when the seeds develop to the point that they are fit to be tithed. (Ma'aser Sheni is tithed in the first, second, fourth and fifth year of the Shemitah cycle and Ma'aser Ani is tithed in the third and sixth year.) It is also forbidden to take Terumah and Ma'asros from the stalks and leaves in order to rectify the seeds. The opposite is permitted. (TOSFOS)

28b----------------------------------------28b

22)[line 1]דגנונייתאD'GENUNYASA- those that grow in gardens

23)[line 2]פלפליןPILPELIN- pepper corns

24)[line 4]כי הוה חליש מגרסיהKI HAVAH CHALISH MI'GIRSEI- when he was weak from his learning

25)[line 7]ינוקא דבי רבYENUKA D'VEI RAV- a young Yeshiva student

26)[line 15]קטלינן לה להיזמתאKATLINAN LAH L'HIZMESA- if the prickly shrub (or tree) is killed

27)[line 15]מייתא כשותאMAISA KESHUSA- the hops (that grow on it) die

28)[line 16]קורKUR- the white heart or terminal bud of a palm tree that is the new growth of the year, which eventually hardens

29)[line 22]ניסחניNISCHANEI- male palms, the fruits of which never mature

30)[line 25]פגי ביתיוניPAGEI BEISYONI- the unripe figs of Beis Oni, a place in Eretz Yisrael

31)[line 26]אהיניAHINEI- a species of late-blooming and inferior dates, similar to Kafniyos

32)[line 26]טובינאTOVYANA- name of a place

33)[line 31]שקדיםSHEKEDIM- almonds

34)[line 41]שלקו וטגנוSHALKO V'TAGNO- when he thoroughly cooked or fried it

35)[line 42]השיליאHA'SHILYA- placenta (common translation); fetal membranes in which the fetus forms, which are attached to the placenta (RASHI; TOSFOS Nidah 18a DH Shilya and numerous Rishonim)

36)[line 48]שיננאSHINENA- well-learned person

37)[line 49]פוגלאPUGLA- a radish

38)[line 53]אוזילתא דאיכריOZILTA D'IKAREI- a bunch of herbs (O.F. boljole?) that the farmers tie up

39)[line 53]קליאKALYA- ashes of an alkaline plant which is used to make soap

40)[line 54]ירקא דקליאYARKA D'KALYA- the plant from which Kalya is made (RABEINU CHANANEL, ARUCH)

41)[line 54]נפק לקירייתאNAFAK L'KIRYASA- went out to the villages, where his farmlands were, to take care of his fields

42)[line 55]פולין לחיןPOLIN LACHIN- moist raw beans (which are edible)

43)[last line]תרדין חייןTERADIN CHAYIN- raw beets

44)[last line]סילקא חייאSILKA CHAYA- a raw beet

45)[last line]קטיל גברא חייאKATIL GAVRA CHAYA- kills a healthy person

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