[80a - 48 lines; 80b - 28 lines]
***************GIRSA SECTION******************
We recommend using the textual changes suggested by the Bach and the marginal notes of the Vilna Shas. This section is devoted to any OTHER important corrections that Acharonim have pointed out in the Gemara, Rashi and Tosfos
[1] Gemara 80a [line 33]:
The words "Shema Minah d'Ez Ninhu" ù''î ãòæ ðéðäå
should be "Shema Minah Mina d'Ez Ninhu" ù''î ãòæ îéðà ðéðäå
[2] Rashi 80a DH l'Inyan Kisuy ha'Dam ìòðéï ëñåé äãí:
The words "Vadai Chayav b'Kisuy, Safek Patur" åãàé çééá áëñåé, ñô÷ ôèåø
should be "Safek Chayav b'Kisuy, Safek Patur" ñô÷ çééá áëñåé, ñô÷ ôèåø (Rashash, Rav Yitzchak Isaac Chaver; however, see Rash to Bikurim 2:9, from which it is possible to learn that the Girsa of our Rashi is correct, if it is read as follows: "d'Mashma "Vadai" Chayav b'Kisuy; "Safek" Patur. ul'Inyan Matanos..." — YT)
[3] Tosfos 80b DH Shechitah ùçéèä:
The words "Afilu Iy Ein Oso v'Es Beno" àôéìå àé àéï àåúå åàú áðå
should be "Afilu Ein Isur Oso v'Es Beno" àôéìå àéï àéñåø àåúå åàú áðå (Rashash, Chasam Sofer)
[4] ibid:
The words, "Mishum d'Shechitas Rishon Einah Re'uyah... u'Mai Sofeg Nami deka'Amar" îùåí ãùçéèú øàùåï àéðä øàåéä ... åîàé ñåôâ ðîé ã÷àîø in Tosfos' quote from Rashi, are inaccurate. Tosfos had a different Girsa in Rashi DH u'Pasul; Rashi's actual Girsa is quoted in its entirety by Tosfos ha'Rosh. (See Girsa section, Daf 81:2)
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1)[line 21]áøéä áôðé òöîä äéàBIRYAH BIFNEI ATZMAH HI- it is an independent species
2)[line 24]àéì äáøAYIL HA'BAR- the wild ram [that lives in forests]
3)[line 31]òæé ãáàìàIZEI D'VALA- goats of Levanon (RASHI); "Bala" is a forest, where these goats live
4)[line 32]òùø áäîåú îðä äëúåáESER BEHEMOS MANAH HA'KASUV - the verses list ten [kosher] animals (BEHEMOS KESHEROS)
The Torah (Devarim 14:4-5) permits Jews to eat ten kosher animals, among them Behemos (domesticated farm animals) and Chayos (non-farm animals). These animals are:
1.Shor - the bull
2.Seh Chesavim - the sheep
3.Seh Izim - the goat
4.Ayal - the deer, possibly the roe deer or red deer. It is described by Chazal as an animal with solid branched antlers
5.Tzvi - the gazelle. Its non-branching antlers (Chulin 59b) are hollow, like those of a goat
6.Yachmur - (a) bubalis antelope: the water buffalo or Indian buffalo; (b) the fallow deer
7.Ako - the wild goat, which resembles the ibex
8.Dishon - (a) chamois, a small goat-like antelope; (b) the addax, a large light colored antelope with twisted horns
9.Te'o - (a) the wild ox or bison; (b) the oryx, a large straight horned antelope
10.Zemer - (a) the giraffe (RAV SA'ADIA GA'ON); (b) the wild sheep or the oryx
5)[line 34]àéìAYAL- see previous entry, #4
6)[line 34]öáéTZVI- see above, entry #4:5
7)[line 34]ôøè åëìì, ðòùä ëìì îåñó òì äôøèPRAT U'CHLAL, NA'ASEH KLAL MOSIF AL HA'PRAT
(a)In the Introduction to the Sifra (the Halachic Midrash to Vayikra), Rebbi Yishmael lists thirteen methods that Chazal use for extracting the Halachah from the verses of the Torah. These methods made it possible to present the Written Word in a compact form, from which the Oral Law could be interpreted by means of application of these rules. One of these rules is Perat u'Chelal, Na'aseh Kelal Mosif Al ha'Perat:
(b)When a Perat (specification) is followed by a Kelal (general term), then the Halachah of the verse is all-inclusive and applies to all of the cases of the general category.
8)[line 35]àéëà èåáà!IKA TUVA!- There are many [kosher animals, according to this rule]!
9)[line 35]ëì äðé ôøèé ìîä ìé?KOL HANEI PERATEI LAMAH LI?- why did the verse write (lit. why do I need) all of those specifications (i.e. the list of ten animals)
10)[line 36]à÷åAKO- see above, entry #4:7
11)[line 38]úàåTE'O- see above, entry #4:9
12)[line 38]æîøZEMER- see above, entry #4:10
13)[line 40]ùåø äáøSHOR HA'BAR- wild ox, bison
14)[last line]èä ùàéðä øàåéäSHECHITAH SHE'EINAH RE'UYAH
(a)A proper Shechitah (ritual slaughter) that does not permit the animal to be eaten is referred to as a Shechitah she'Einah Re'uyah. The Shechitah of a Shor ha'Niskal (see Background to Chulin 101:5) and the Shechitah of Chulin in the Beis ha'Mikdash (see Background to Chulin 85:10) are examples of Shechitah She'einah Re'uyah. (A Shechitah that was not performed properly is not a Shechitah she'Einah Re'uyah. It is not a Shechitah at all.)
(b)There is a Machlokes Tana'im whether a Shechitah that does not permit the animal to be eaten has the title of "Shechitah" (for various Halachic purposes other than for eating, such as to obligate a Ganav — who slaughters an animal that is found to be a Tereifah — to pay Arba'ah v'Chamishah and such as for the prohibition of "Oso v'Es Beno" to apply).
(c)According to Rebbi Oshaya, the Shechitah of Kodashim is a Shechitah she'Einah Re'uyah because the meat of the Korbanos is permitted to be eaten or offered on the Mizbe'ach only after Zerikas ha'Dam.
80b----------------------------------------80b
15)[line 16]ðçøNACHAR (NECHIRAH)
Nechirah refers to killing an animal not by Shechitah, by rather by sticking a knife into its nostrils ("Necherei") and cutting its throat, all the way down to its chest (RASHI to Chulin 17a, DH veha'Nocher, and to Bava Kama 78b DH ha'Nocher). (Although Rashi to Daf 85b, DH Nochro explains that Nechirah involves "strangling" the animal, it is clear from Rashi's words to the Mishnah (Daf 15b, DH she'Hem) that "strangling" refers to any form of asphyxiation, including the tearing of the animal's trachea. See also ARUCH Erech Nachar and RASHBA in Teshuvos (3:363).)
16)[line 18]îçåñø æîïMECHUSAR ZEMAN
(a)It is forbidden to offer an animal as a sacrifice before it is eight days old, as the verse states, "Shor O Chesev O Ez Ki Yivaled, v'Hayah Shiv'as Yamim Tachas Imo, umi'Yom ha'Shemini va'Hal'ah Yeratzeh l'Korban Isheh la'Sh-m" - "A bull or a sheep or a goat that is born: it shall be under [the care of] its mother for seven days, and on the eighth day and onward it will be acceptable as a fire-offering to HaSh-m" (Vayikra 22:27). An animal that is less than eight days old is called "Mechusar Zeman," since time must pass before it can be offered as a Korban. (See Background to Chulin 38:15.)
(b)An animal, the mother of which was slaughtered today, is also called Mechusar Zeman since it cannot be brought as a Korban until the following day.