Mishnah 1
1)
(a)What does the Mishnah forbid someone who wants to transport barrels of wine from one location to another (inside the T'chum) to do?
(b)Why is that?
(c)How does one then transport the barrels?
(d)Why is this method preferable?
(e)What if, for some reason or other, one is unable to transport them in this way?
1)
(a)The Mishnah forbids someone who wants to transport barrels of wine from one location to another (inside the T'chum [See Tos. Yom-Tov]) - to transport them in a basket or a box ...
(b)... because it is Uvdin de'Chol.
(c)One transports the barrels - either one or two slung over one's shoulder, or one at a time held in front of oneself (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(d)This method is preferable - because it is clear that he is transporting the barrels for the needs of Yom-Tov and not to sell in the market.
(e)If, for some reason or other, one is unable to transport them in this way - then one is permitted to transport them even in a basket or a box.
2)
(a)What does the Tana say about transporting straw from one location to another?
(b)And what does he say about starting a new storehouse of ...
1. ... straw (that the owner did not prepare before Yom-Tov)?
2. ... wood?
(c)Why is the latter called a 'Muktzah'?
(d)On what grounds does the Tana ...
1. ... permit the former?
2. ... forbid the latter?
2)
(a)The Tana equates the Din of transporting straw from one location to another - with the previous ruling regarding transporting barrels of wine.
(b)And he permits starting a new storehouse of ...
1. ... straw (that the owner did not prepare before Yom-Tov), but forbids starting one of ...
2. ... wood.
(c)The latter is called a 'Muktzah' - because it is 'pushed away' (as it were) to the back of the house.
(d)The Tana ...
1. ... permits the former - because he does not hold of Muktzah on Yom-Tov, but ...
2. ... forbids the latter - because he concedes to 'Muktzah Machmas Chesaron Kis' (that pertains to something that one puts away due to its value [See Tos. Yom-Tov]).
Mishnah 2
3)
(a)The Mishnah forbids taking wood from the roof of a Succah. What sort of Succah is the Tana talking about?
(b)Why does he forbid it?
(c)From whereabouts does the Tana permit one to take wood?
(d)Why is that not too considered demolishing?
3)
(a)The Mishnah forbids taking wood from the roof of a Succah - (i.e. any hut, and not necessarily one that is built on Succos [See Tos. Yom-Tov]) ...
(b)... because it is considered 'S'tiras Ohel' (demolishing, which is prohibited on Yov-Tov).
(c)The Tana permits one to take wood - from where it is leaning against the Succah walls.
(d)That is not considered demolishing - since they are not attached in any way to the walls (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
4)
(a)What distinction does the Mishnah draw between bringing wood in from the field and bringing it in from a Karfef (an enclosure)?
(b)Our Mishnah however, is an individual opinion. What is the Halachah in both cases?
(c)What is the reason for the latter ruling?
4)
(a)The Mishnah permits bringing wood in from the field - provided it was gathered before Yom-Tov (See Tos. Yom-Tov), but from a Karfef (an enclosure) - even if it was not.
(b)Our Mishnah however, is an individual opinion. The Halachah is that - whereas the latter is permitted if it was collected, the former is not permitted at all ...
(c)... since the owner's did not intend to use it, seeing as it is not a guarded area.
5)
(a)Rebbi Yehudah defines a Karfef as an enclosure that is right next to the city. What does Rebbi Yossi say?
(b)What other condition does Rebbi Yossi require?
(c)What does Rebbi Yehudah say about a lock and key?
(d)Then why did he not mention it?
(e)Like whom is the Halachah?
5)
(a)Rebbi Yehudah defines a Karfef as an enclosure that is right next to the city. According to Rebbi Yossi - it is one that has a lock and key (See Tos. Yom-Tov) irrespective of where it is ...
(b)... provided it is within T'chum Shabbos).
(c)Rebbi Yehudah - requires that it has a lock and key as well ...
(d)... and he did not mention it - since S'tam Karfifos have a lock and key, so he took it for granted.
(e)The Halachah is - like Rebbi Yossi.
Mishnah 3
6)
(a)The Mishnah forbids chopping on Yom-Tov both beams that have been stacked on the ground and a beam that broke on Yom-Tov. What is the significance of the beams?
(b)Why is one not allowed to chop ...
1. ... them on Yom-Tov?
2. ... the beam that broke on Yom-Tov, bearing in mind that it now stands to be used as firewood?
(c)What does the Mishnah omit that needs to be added? Which sort of beam is one permitted to chop on Yom-Tov?
6)
(a)The Mishnah forbids chopping on Yom-Tov both beams that have been stacked on the ground - (to prevent them from warping) and a beam that broke on Yom-Tov.
(b)One is not allowed to chop ...
1. ... the beams on Yom-Tov - because they are Muktzah Machmas Chesaron Kis (since they have been designated for building).
2. ... the beam that broke on Yom-Tov (despite the fact that it now stands to be used as firewood) - because when Yom-Tov came in it was not designated for that purpose (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)We need to add to the text of the Mishnah - 'One may however, chop a beam that broke on Erev Yom-Tov.
7)
(a)When chopping a beam that is permitted, one may not use a chopper (Kardom), a Mageirah or a Magal. What is ...
1. ... a 'Mageirah'?
2. ... a 'Magal'?
(b)Why is that?
(c)The Tana allows however, using a Kupitz, which is not a professional tool. What exactly is a Kupitz?
7)
(a)When chopping a beam that is permitted, one may not use a chopper (Kardom)...
1. ... a Mageirah - a saw, or ...
2. ... a Magal - a scythe ...
(b)... because using professional tools on Yom-Tov is forbidden - as it conveys the impression that one is going to do repairs on Yom-Tov.
(c)The Tana allows however, using a Kupitz - (a double-sided implement; a long knife on one side and a narrow chopping edge on the other), since it is not a professional tool.
8)
(a)Why is one not allowed to take fruit from a regular house whose windows and doors are fully boarded up, if the boards are taken down on Yom-Tov?
(b)What is the Din with regard to demolishing a stone building that is not cemented?
(c)On what grounds does the Tana Kama then permit taking fruit from the latter that broke on Yom-Tov? How does it differ from the previous case?
(d)How can it be compared to Tevel?
8)
(a)One is not allowed to take fruit from a regular house whose windows and doors were fully boarded up, if the boards are taken down on Yom-Tov - because since the fruit was inaccessible when Yom-Tov came in, it is Muktzah.
(b)One is not permitted to demolish a stone building that is not cemented.
(c)The Tana Kama nevertheless permits taking fruit from the latter that broke on Yom-Tov - because, unlike the previous case, where demolishing it entails a Melachah d'Oraysa, it only entails a Melachah de'Rabbanan (See Tos. Yom-Tov),
(d)It can therefore be compared to Tevel - which one may not rectify on Yom-Tov, but in the event that one did, the fruit is permitted (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
9)
(a)What does Rebbi Meir say about the latter case?
(b)Like whom is the Halachah?
9)
(a)Rebbi Meir - even permits demolishing the stones Lechatchilah.
(b)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
Mishnah 4
10)
(a)What does the Tana mean when he says 'Ein Pochsin es ha'Ner (be'Yom-Tov)' Mipnei she'Hu Oseh K'li?
(b)Why is it forbidden?
(c)Similarly, he forbids making coals on Yom-Tov. On what grounds are coals considered a K'li?
10)
(a)When the Tana says 'Ein Pochsin es ha'Ner (be'Yom-Tov) he means that - one is not permitted to take a ball of potter's clay and punch a hole in it to form a lamp ...
(b)... because he has made a K'li (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)Similarly, he forbids making coals which are considered Keilim - because gold-smiths use them in their work.
11)
(a)What does the Tana Kama say about cutting a long wick?
(b)Why is a wick considered a K'li?
(c)What is one allowed to do on Yom-Tov with a wick that is not soft enough to burn well?
(d)Rebbi Yehudah is more lenient than the Tana Kama. What does he say?
(e)Like whom is the Halachah?
11)
(a)The Tana Kama - forbids cutting a long wick into two.
(b)A wick too, is considered a K'li - since it has a use and requires Tikun.
(c)One is however - allowed to work on a hard wick with one's hands to soften it on Yom-Tov, until it becomes soft enough to burn well.
(d)Rebbi Yehudah - permits placing the two ends of the wick into two lamp-holders and dividing it into two by lighting the middle.
(e)The Halachah is - like Rebbi Yehudah (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
Mishnah 5
12)
(a)The Tana forbids breaking a piece of clay to size and cutting a piece of paper. What was the cut paper used for in those days? How did they use it?
(b)What is one ...
1. ... not permitted to do with the burned out coals in an oven?
2. ... allowed to do to facilitate baking more bread in it?
(c)What if the spent coals will interfere with any loaves that one subsequently bakes?
12)
(a)The Tana forbids breaking a piece of clay to size and cutting a piece of paper - which they would then smear with oil and use as grease-proof paper (for frying etc. See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)One is ...
1. ... not permitted to clear burned out coals from the oven.
2. ... however, allowed to - flatten the ashes to facilitate baking more bread in it.
(c)If the spent coals will interfere with any loaves that one subsequently bakes - then one is even permitted to remove them from the oven.
13)
(a)The Mishnah forbids putting a pot on top of two barrels that are placed one close to the other on Yom-Tov. Why would one want to do that?
(b)And on what grounds does the Tana forbid supporting a pot with a block of wood?
(c)Which other example does he include in the prohibition?
(d)Why does the Tana Kama forbid leading an animal with a stick on Yom-Tov?
(e)What does Rebbi Elazar b'Rebbi Shimon say?
13)
(a)The Mishnah forbids putting a pot on top of two barrels that are placed one close to the other on Yom-Tov - in order to cook on the fire that one has lit in between the two barrels.
(b)The Tana forbids supporting a pot with a block of wood - because Chazal confined the use of wood to firewood (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)The other example he includes in the prohibition is - using it to support a door.
(d)The Tana Kama forbids leading an animal with a stick on Yom-Tov - because it looks as if one is taking it to be sold in the market (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(e)Rebbi Elazar b'Rebbi Shimon - permits it.
Mishnah 6
14)
(a)What does Rebbi Eliezer hold with regard to taking a splinter of wood to use as a tooth-pick on Yom-Tov?
(b)What do the Rabbanan say?
(c)What does Rebbe Eliezer say about taking wood from the courtyard to use as firewood?
(d)Then why does he say specifically 'mi'she'le'Fanav'?
14)
(a)Rebbi Eliezer - permits taking a splinter of wood to use as a tooth-pick on Yom-Tov.
(b)The Rabbanan - forbid it.
(c)Rebbe Eliezer - also permits taking wood from the courtyard to use as firewood ...
(d)... and the reason that he says specifically 'mi'she'le'Fanav' is - to counter the Chachamim who forbid even that.
15)
(a)In what additional point do the Chachamim argue with Rebbi Eliezer?
(b)What is their reason?
(c)Like whom is the Halachah?
15)
(a)The Chachamim also argue with Rebbi Eliezer in that - they only permit taking small splinters of wood (even as firewood) from the wood in the house (not from the Chatzer) ...
(b)... since a person does not tend to designate such small pieces of wood, in which case they still remain Muktzah.
(c)The Halachah is - like the Chachamim.
16)
(a)From where is one permitted to take a splinter of wood to pick one's teeth?
(b)On what condition is it permitted?
(c)Why is that?
(d)What may one not do in the process?
16)
(a)One is permitted to take a splinter of wood to pick one's teeth - from an animal trough ...
(b)... provided the wood is wet and fit for the animals to eat ...
(c)... because whatever is fit for an animal to eat is not Muktzah.
(d)One may not however - cut or shape the splinter in the process.
Mishnah 7
17)
(a)The Mishnah forbids producing fire from wood. How does one do that (See Tos- Yom-Tov)?
(b)The Tana adds to the prohibition producing fire from stones, earth (certain earth it seems, contains flammable properties at the place where it is dug) or water. How does one produce fire from water?
(c)What is the reason for the prohibition?
17)
(a)The Mishnah forbids producing fire from wood, which one does - by rubbing two pieces together or by striking one with the other (Tos- Yom-Tov).
(b)The Tana adds to the prohibition producing fire from stones, location (certain earth it seems, contains flammable properties at the place where it is dug) or water - which one produces by placing it in a glass container in the sun, and holding a piece of paper next to it until it bursts into flames.
(c)The reason for the prohibition is - because it is 'Molid' (produces something new, which resembles a Melachah.
18)
(a)The Mishnah forbids heating Re'afim' on Yom-Tov. What are 'Re'afim'?
(b)For what purpose does one heat them?
(c)With reference to which category of tiles is the Tana speaking? Why does he forbid it?
18)
(a)The Mishnah forbids heating Re'afim' - (hollow roof-tiles) on Yom-Tov.
(b)One heats them - in order to roast food on them.
(c)The Tana is speaking with reference to - new roof-tiles, which he forbids - because heating them up strengthens them and renders the fit for use, thereby completing their production.
19)
(a)What does Rebbi Eliezer permit one to do on Erev Shabbos (See Tos. Yom-Tov) in the Sh'mitah-year standing beside a storage-house (Muktzah)?
(b)Why does the Tana begin with the word 've'Od' (furthermore)?
(c)And why specifically in the Sh'mitah-year?
(d)How would the leniency apply even on Erev Shabbos of other years?
(e)Then why does the Tana mention the Sh'mitah-year? What does a S'tam Muktzah contain?
19)
(a)Rebbi Eliezer permits one to stand beside a storage-house (Muktzah) on Erev Shabbos (See Tos. Yom-Tov) in the Sh'mitah-year - and announce that one will take fruit from there on Shabbos.
(b)The Tana begins with the word 've'Od' (furthermore) - because it is the second leniency in a row (See previous Mishnah) where (atypically) Rebbi Eliezer is lenient (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)Specifically in the Sh'mitah-year - when the fruit does not need to be Ma'asered (which he would not be allowed to do on Yom-Tov).
(d)The leniency would apply even on Erev Shabbos of other years however - if the fruit was already Ma'asered ...
(e)Nevertheless, the Tana mention the Sh'mitah-year - since S'tam Muktzah contains dried figs and raisins, which one does not tend to Ma'aser before they are completely ready (i.e. dry [Se also Tos. Yom-Tov]).
20)
(a)Beside the fact that Hazmanah (designation) is effective, what else is Rebbi Eliezer coming to teach us?
(b)What do the Chachamim say?
(c)Like whom is the Halachah?
20)
(a)Beside the fact that Hazmanah (designation) is effective, Rebbi Eliezer is coming to teach us that - one is permitted to designate on Shabbos itself retroactively ('Yesh B'reirah').
(b)The Chachamim hold - 'Ein B'reirah'. Consequently, the owner is obligated to mark (before Shabbos ('from here till here') the fruit that he intends to take on Shabbos (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)The Halachah is - like the Chachamim.
