[a - 43 lines; b - 36 lines]
1)[line 1]סתם יינםSTAM YEINAM
(a)Wine that was poured as an idolatrous libation is called Yayin Nesech and is Asur b'Hana'ah. This is derived from the verse, "Asher Chelev Zevacheimo Yochelu, Yishtu Yein Nesicham" - "Those who ate the fat of their sacrifices, and drank the wine of their drink offerings" (Devarim 32:38), which compares the wine of libations to an animal sacrificed for idolatrous purposes.
(b)The Chachamim prohibited the wine of a Nochri that was not poured as a libation (Stam Yeinam) out of fear that drinking wine together would lead to intermarriage. In order to avoid confusion between Yayin Nesech and Stam Yeinam, the Chachamim instituted that Stam Yeinam is also Asur b'Hana'ah. Although this is only an Isur mid'Rabanan, it is a very severe prohibition (see Chochmas Adam 75:1). (See Background to Avodah Zarah 62:16.)
2)[line 6]שייחד לו קרן זויתSHE'YICHED LO KEREN ZAVIS- that he (the idol-worshipper) designated a corner in his premises for him (for the Jew to store the wine)
3)[line 8]כלום יש משנת בר קפראKELUM YESH MISHNAS BAR KAPARA- is there a teaching of Bar Kapara [that anyone knows]?
4)[line 24]חותם בתוך חותםCHOSAM B'SOCH CHOSAM- a seal within a seal
5)[line 30]אגנא דפומא דחביתא שריקא וחתימאAGNA D'PUMA D'CHAVISA SHERIKA V'CHASIMA- a basin overturned on the mouth of a barrel and pasted to the sides of the barrel and stamped with a seal. This means that the basin's mouth is smeared with clay connecting it to the walls of the barrel and a seal is stamped into the clay.
6)[line 32]דיקולא ומיהדקDIKULA U'MIHADAK- a basket that is overturned on top of a barrel and is fitted tightly to the barrel
7)[line 34]נוד בדיסקיאNOD B'DISAKYA- a large leather bag with two pouches
8)[line 36]כייף פומיה לגיו וציירKAYEF PUMEI L'GAV V'TZAYER- its mouth is bent towards the inside and it is tied. (He folds the tied top of the flask into the body of the flask and then ties the newly formed top of the flask.)
9)[line 41]כותיKUSI (KUSIM)
See Background to Avodah Zarah 26:42.
31b----------------------------------------31b
10)[line 1]צירTZIR- fish brine
11)[line 2]מורייסMURYIS- fish oil mixed with bits of fatty fish innards and sometimes wine
12)[line 6]בין הגיתות שנינוBEIN HA'GITOS SHANINU- during the wine-pressing season (when the wine has not yet fermented, at the time of year when the grapes are pressed in the field)
13)[line 7]אפכיAPCHEI- [since all of the people ] are found [on the roads during that time]
14)[line 10]חתנותCHASNUS- on the account of intermarriage. If drinking the beer of an idol-worshipper's would be permitted, it would become commonplace to attend drinking parties at the houses of idol-worshippers, where Jewish men might be attracted to the idol-worshippers' daughters.
15)[line 11]גילוי דנזייתאGILUY D'NIZYASA- the uncovering of the barrels used for brewing beer
16)[line 13]דמצלו מיאD'MATZLU MAYA- that they let the water [used for the beer to stand until it would] become clear. If the water is left uncovered, it can later contaminate the beer. Even though snakes do not drink beer, there still would be a risk that the water used in the beer became contaminated.
17)[line 16]מפיקין ליה לאבבאMAFIKIN LEI L'ABAVA- they would bring (the beer of an idol-worshipper) to the door
18)[line 22]שימצאSHIMTZA- a suspicion
19)[line 23]שימצא דשימצאSHIMTZA D'SHIMTZA- a suspicion of a suspicion
20)[line 27]מרורא דכשותא וקלי ליה זיהריהMERURA D'KESHUSA V'KALEI LEI ZIHAREI- the bitterness of the hops [goes] and burns up the venom's potency
21)[line 27]ודלקי מלקי ליה טפיUD'LAKEI MALKEI LEI- and for someone who is sick, it will make him sicker
22)[line 34]ארמאי זוקאניARAMA'EI ZAVKANEI- those bloated Arameans
23)[line 36]חביל גופייהוCHAVIL GUFAIHU- their bodies are heated