(Continuation of Beraisa - R. Elazar): "Beged" teaches only that a 'Beged' must be laundered. (Rashi - Stam 'Beged' in the Torah refers to wool or linen. Rashi did not say this above when explaining R. Yehudah. Perhaps he holds like the opinion (Menachos 39b) that 'Beged' includes all materials);

Question: What is the source to include (garments of) Sak and all materials?

Answer: We learn from "Asher Yizeh Aleha Techaves."

Suggestion: Perhaps this includes hide after Hefshet!

Rejection: "Beged" connotes only things that are Mekabel Tum'ah.

Question: What is the difference between R. Elazar and R. Yehudah?

Answer #1 (Abaye): They argue about a patch less than three by three (fingers; Rambam - three Tefachim by three Tefachim):

R. Yehudah obligates laundering it, for it can be Mekabel Tum'ah (as is it now, once the owner intends to use it, e.g. to patch up a garment).

R. Elazar exempts, for now it is not Mekabel Tum'ah.

Answer #2 (Rava): They argue even about a full garment, if he intends to decorate it before using it:

R. Yehudah obligates laundering it, for it can be Mekabel Tum'ah if he will (reconsider and) decide to use it as it is;

R. Elazar exempts, for now it is not Mekabel Tum'ah.

Answer #3 (Rava): They argue about a cloth mat that intends to cut before using it;

R. Yehudah obligates laundering it, for it can be Mekabel Tum'ah if he will decide to use it as it is;

R. Elazar exempts, for now it is not Mekabel Tum'ah.

Support (Beraisa - R. Shimon ben Menasiyah): If one intends to cut a cloth mat before using it, it is not Mekabel Tum'ah until he cuts it (or decides to use it as it is).

(Mishnah): Only the part of the garment that absorbed the blood must be laundered.

Question: What is the source of this?

Answer (Beraisa) Suggestion: Perhaps if blood splashed on part of a garment, the entire garment must be laundered!

Rejection: "Asher Yizeh" - only the place of the blood must be laundered.

(Mishnah): Only garments proper Lekabel Tum'ah (and proper to be laundered...)

Our Stam Mishnah is like R. Yehudah;

'Proper to be laundered' excludes Kelim that are scraped, and not laundered (e.g. wood or metal).

(Mishnah): The law of laundering is the same for cloth, Sak...(or leather...)

Inference: Laundering applies to leather.

Contradiction (Mishnah #1): (On Shabbos) if there was filth on a cloth, it may be wiped off with a rag;

If there was filth on a leather pillow, one pours water over it until it gets clean. (If laundering applied, this would be forbidden!)

Answer #1 (Abaye): Our Mishnah is like Chachamim, [who say that laundering does not apply to leather]. Mishnah #1 is like Acherim [who says that it does];

(Beraisa): If Dam Chatas splashed on Beged or Sak, it is laundered. If it splashed on a Kli (that is not laundered) or leather, it is scraped off;

Acherim say, if it splashed on Beged, Sak or leather, it is laundered. If it splashed on a Kli, it is scraped off.

Question: According to which Tana is the following episode?

R. Chiya bar Ashi: Many times (on Shabbos) I shook Rav's shoes (in his presence) in water.

Answer: It is like Chachamim.

Objection (Rava): Surely, all agree that laundering applies to leather - "veha'Beged... Oh Chol Kli ha'Or Asher Techaves"!

Answer #2 (Rava): Rather, the verse and our Mishnah discuss soft leather. The Tana'im argue about whether laundering applies to hard leather.

Question: R. Chiya (bar Ashi) often shook Rav's shoes in water!

Answer: They were hard shoes. He held like Chachamim.

Retraction (Rava): I was wrong. The verse did not specify. Surely it applies even to hard, cooked leather!

Correction (Rava): The verse discusses all leather. Even if it was originally hard, since Tzara'as comes from the garment itself, this softens the garment.

Question (Rava - Mishnah): If there was filth on a leather pillow, one pours water over it until it gets clean;

Pillows are soft!

Answer #3 (Rava): Laundering without rubbing (one side of the garment on the other) is not considered laundering.

Question: R. Chiya shook Rav's shoes in water!

Answer: He shook them, but he did not rub them;

If the shoes were soft, all Tana'im agree to this (that one may not rub them);

If they were hard, this was like Acherim. (Chachamim would permit even rubbing.)

Question: If it is not considered laundering without rubbing, the Mishnah should permit shaking a Beged in water!

Answer: Soaking Beged in water is laundering.

This is like Rava holds elsewhere;

(Rava): If one threw a turban into water (on Shabbos), he is liable. If one threw flax (some texts - flax seeds) into water, he is liable.

Question: Granted, he is liable for the turban, for this is laundering;

Why is he liable for flax?

Suggestion: He is liable for seeding (for it will sprout).

Rejection: If so, he should be liable for throwing also wheat or barley!

Answer: He is liable for flax (for kneading), for it has strands (the flax sticks together).

Question: If so, he should be liable also for throwing skins (our text, Rashi; Tosfos - cress)!

Answer: Flax becomes kneaded (but skins or cress do not).

(Rava): One may launder shoes on Shabbos.

Rav Papa: R. Chiya shook Rav's shoes in water. He did not rub them!

Rava publicly retracted. 'I erred. Shaking in water is permitted, but not rubbing.'

(Mishnah): It must be laundered in the Azarah.

Question: What is the source of this?

Answer (Beraisa): It says "Techabes b'Makom Kadosh."

Question: What is the source that a Kli Cheres must be broken in the Azarah?

Answer: It says "u'Chli Cheres Asher Tevushal Bo Yishaver."

Question: What is the source that a copper Kli must be scoured in the Azarah?

Answer: "V'Im bi'Chli Nechoshes Bushalah u'Morak v'Shutaf b'Mayim.

(Mishnah): In this respect, Chatas is more stringent than other Kodshei Kodoshim.

Questions: There are other stringencies!

Question #1: If blood of an outer Chatas entered the Heichal, it is Pasul!

Answer #1: Our Mishnah is R. Akiva, who says that this applies to all Zevachim.

Question #2: Chatas atones for Chayavei Kerisus!

Answer #1: This does not apply to all Chata'os, e.g. to the Chatas for Shevu'as ha'Edus.

Question #3: Dam Chatas requires four Matanos!

Answer #1: Our Mishnah is R. Yishmael, who says that this applies also to (most) Zevachim (i.e. those that require Matanos on opposite edges of the Mizbe'ach. He requires a separate Matanah on each of the two sides that meet at each edge.)

Objection (to all these answers): Surely, there are other stringencies. Dam Chatas must be put on the Keren or the edge, and with the finger!

Answer (and Answer #2 to Questions 1-3): You must say that the Mishnah mentions one of the stringencies.

(Mishnah): If blood splashed onto a garment and it left the Azarah, we return it to the Azarah and launder it there;

If this same garment became Tamei outside the Azarah, we tear it (to be Metaher it), return it to the Azarah, and launder it there.

If Chatas was cooked in a Kli Cheres and it left the Azarah, we return it and break in the Azarah;

If it became Tamei outside the Azarah, we puncture it, return it and break it in the Azarah.

If Chatas was cooked in a copper Kli and it left the Azarah, we return it and do Merikah u'Shtifah in the Azarah;

If it became Tamei outside, we make a big hole in it, return it and scour it in the Azarah.

(Gemara - Ravina) Question: If we tear the garment, there is no Mitzvah to launder it. The Torah commands about a Beged!

Answer: We tear it, but we leave connected enough cloth to make a turban. (Therefore, regarding laundering, it is still considered a Beged.)

Objection: Rav Huna taught that if enough cloth remains connected to make a turban, it remains Tamei!

Answer: Mid'Oraisa it is Tahor. It is Tamei mid'Rabanan. (Chachamim allow returning it to the Azarah to fulfill the Mitzvah.)