[18a - 46 lines; 18b - 47 lines]
*********************GIRSA SECTION*********************
We recommend using the textual changes suggested by the Bach, the Tzon Kodashim, the Vilna Ga'on and the marginal notes of the Vilna Shas. This section is devoted to any other important corrections that Acharonim have pointed out in the Gemara, Rashi and Tosfos.
[1] Gemara 18a [line 38]:
"she'Lo Yikarvu, Ela Yikarvu" ùìà é÷øáå àìà é÷øáå
Hagahos ha'Gra #5 belongs here (and not on the previous line)
[2] Gemara 18b [line 12]:
The words "Kol Yom va'Yom Over Aleihem b'Val Te'acher" ëì éåí åéåí òåáø òìéäí ááì úàçø
should be "Over b'Aseh" òåáø áòùä as suggested by the Tzon Kodashim
*******************************************************
1)[line 13]àùí ùðéú÷ ìøòééäASHAM SHE'NITAK L'RE'IYAH
Rebbi Yehoshua rules that an Asham animal that is in one of the five categories for which an animal that is a Korban Chatas is put to death (see Background to Temurah 15:1), is put out to pasture until it develops a Mum, after which it is redeemed. Its value is used to purchase an Olas Nedavah for the Tzibur ("Kayitz ha'Mizbe'ach," see Background to Menachos 90:13). (Rebbi Eliezer argues, ruling that the Asham animals are put to death just like the Chatas animals.)
2a)[line 21]îîéøòééäåMI'MIR'AIHU- from their pastures
b)[line 21]îîåøâééäåMI'MORGAIHU- from their threshing sledges (an implement with protrusions, grooves and indentations used to thresh grain)
3)[line 24]ø''à àåîøREBBI ELIEZER OMER- see Background to Temurah 17:6
18b----------------------------------------18b
4)[line 2]åìã ùðé àéðå ÷øáVLAD SHENI EINO KAREV- "Vlad Sheni" means "Veladei Velados," the second generation of offspring. The Gemara's proof is from this part of the Beraisa.
5)[line 8]"òáøä" "òáøä" îáëåø"AVARAH" "AVARAH" MI'BECHOR- a Gezeirah Shavah of "Avarah-Avarah" from Bechor. With regard to Ma'asar Behemah it is written, "v'Chol Ma'asar Bakar va'Tzon, Kol Asher Ya'avor Tachas ha'Shavet, ha'Asiri Yiheyeh Kodesh la'Sh-m" (Vayikra 27:32). With regard to Bechor it is written, "v'Ha'avarta Chol Peter Rechem" (Shemos 13:12).
6)[line 12]áì úàçøBAL TE'ACHER
(a)It is forbidden to delay fulfilling one's sacrificial commitments. For example, if one is obligated to bring a Korban (such as a free-will offering which he committed himself to bring), he must bring it by the first Regel. If he delays bringing it past the Regel, he has transgressed the Aseh of "ve'Heveisem Shamah..." (Rosh Hashanah 4a-b). If he delays bringing it for three Regalim, he has transgressed the Lo Sa'aseh of "Lo Se'acher l'Shalmo" (Devarim 23:22). The Tana'im argue as to how to count the three Regalim (see Beitzah Chart #7).
(b)Bal Te'acher applies not only to Korbanos, but to other vows as well, such as Tzedakah (Rosh ha'Shanah 6a) and Nezirus (Nedarim 3b).
7)[line 16]àé äëé, îàé àñäãåúéä?IY HACHI, MAI AS'HADUSEI?- if so, what is his testimony (what new thing is Rebbi Papeyas teaching)? This question applies to both interpretations of the word "Chag."
8)[line 19]úåãäTODAH (KORBAN TODAH)
(a)The Todah (thanksgiving offering) is a form of Shelamim that is eaten for only one day and one night (Vayikra 7:15). Korbenos Shelamim that are offered by an individual may be brought from male or female sheep, cows or goats. They are Kodshim Kalim, and may therefore be slaughtered in the entire Azarah (and not only in its northern part). Before its slaughter, the owner presses his hands on the head of the animal (Semichah). The blood of the Todah is cast on the northeastern and southwestern corners of the Mizbe'ach ("Shenayim she'Hen Arba"). Nesachim (a flour offering consisting of flour and oil and a wine libation) are brought as part of the Korban (Bamidbar 15:3-12). The flour offering is completely burned on the Mizbe'ach and the wine is poured into one of the Sefalim (the silver libation pipes located at the top of the southwest corner of the Mizbe'ach) (RAMBAM and RA'AVAD Hilchos Ma'aseh ha'Korbanos 2:1). The amount of flour, oil and wine needed depends upon the animal offered, as specified in Bamidbar (ibid.).
(b)An animal that was sacrificed as a Todah was brought together with forty loaves of bread, ten each of the following:
1.Chalos Matzos - Matzos mixed with oil;
2.Rekikin - flat Matzos saturated with oil;
3.Soles Murbeches - Matzos made of boiled flour mixed with oil;
4.Loaves of leavened bread. (Vayikra 7:12-13)
(c)One loaf of each type of bread was given to the Kohen who performed the Zerikas ha'Dam of the Todah (Vayikra 7:14). (These four loaves were known as Terumas Lachmei Todah.) The Chazeh (breast) and Shok (thigh) of the Shelamim were given to the Kohen (Vayikra 7:34). Certain fats and other parts of the Korban were offered on the Mizbe'ach (Vayikra 3:3-4, 9-10, 14-15). The owner and his guests (men or women) eat the rest of the Korban inside the borders of the city of Yerushalayim. The meat may be cooked in any fashion and is eaten on the day that it is slaughtered and the following night.
9)[line 22]"é÷øéáðå""YAKRIVENU"- ["If] he offers it [as a thanksgiving sacrifice, then he shall offer with the sacrifice of thanksgiving Matzos mixed with oil, and flat Matzos saturated with oil, and Matzos made of boiled flour mixed with oil]." (Vayikra 7:12) - The Gemara expounds the seemingly unnecessary word, "Yakrivenu," in the verse.
10a)[line 32]äôùè åðéúåçHEFSHET V'NITU'ACH
After the Korban Olah (burnt offering) is slaughtered, it is skinned (Hefshet) and dismembered (Nitu'ach), as the Torah commands, "And he shall skin the burnt offering, and he shall cut it into sections" (Vayikra 1:6). The parts are given to the Kohanim who were selected to offer that particular Olah (Vayikra 1:6). They all stand in one line, holding the limbs in a very specific arrangement (Yoma 26b). The Kohanim then take the sections of the animal to the Kevesh (the ramp of the Mizbe'ach) where they are salted. Afterwards, they are taken to the top of the Mizbe'ach to be offered.
b)[line 32]ëìéì ìàùéíCHALIL LA'ISHIM- it is totally burned on the fires of the Mizbe'ach
11)[line 45]îåúøåú ìðãáú éçéã ... îåúøåú ìðãáú öéáåøMOSAROS L'NIDVAS YACHID AZLEI ... MOSAROS L'NIDVAS TZIBUR