Query #1(R. Bun and Rabbanan to R. Zeira): Can Pe'ah (see previous daf) serve as a wall of a Sukah?

Answer (R. Zeira): Yes.

Query #2: Can the end of the Schach (that is resting on four vertical beams) serve as a wall for the Sukah (in the way of the reed cord stretched between canes)?

Answer: No.

Question: What is the difference?

Answer: One is built for this purpose (Pe'ah), one is not (Schach).

R. Abahu: All of these discussions are theoretical, but a Rav may not instruct a person to rely on Pe'ah as a partition on Shabbos. If for Sukah, which is relatively lenient (it is a positive Mitzvah) we do not rely on it; for Shabbos which is stringent (transgressing it is punishable with Kares), we certainly do not rely on it.

Question (R. Bun bar Chiya to R. Zeira): Who is the Tana that holds that Pe'ah acts as a partition for Kilayim? Is it not R. Yochanan ben Nuri (who said earlier that Pe'ah also helps for a partition on Shabbos - so why conclude that it does not help for Shabbos)?!

Answer (R. Zeira): Yes, but R"YBN's view is a minority opinion and is not the Halacha. (Note: This entry follows the explanation of the Pnei Moshe and Rav Chaim Kanievski.)

The rule is - for the laws of Kilayim, a breach of less than three is considered to be closed up;

Between three and four (not inclusive), if the solid is the majority it is permitted to plant; if the breach is the majority, it is prohibited;

Between four and ten (inclusive), if the solid is the majority it is permitted to plant; if the breach is the majority, opposite the solid is permitted; opposite the breach is prohibited.

If it is more than ten, even if the solid is the majority, opposite the solid it is permitted to plant, opposite the breach is prohibited.

For the laws of Shabbos, a breach of less than three is considered to be closed up.

Between three and four and between four and ten, if the majority is solid, it is permitted (for it to serve as a partition); if the breach is the majority, it is prohibited.

More than ten, even if there is a majority of solid, it is prohibited.

R. Chananya/ R. Yehuda bar Pazi quoting R. Yochanan: Remove the case of between three and four because once there is a breach of three, we cannot view it as closed up (Lavud).

Question (R. Mana): The Mishnah (in Maseches Eiruvin) teaches that one may make an enclosure using vertical canes. Are canes usually a Tefach wide?

Response (R. Chananya): You cannot question me from the case of canes, as the Mishnah is discussing a case when the canes are positioned close together (less than three apart) allowing us to use Lavud to view them as one unit.

R. Yosi bei R. Bun quoting Rav: Nevertheless, whether the breaches are less than three or between three and four, since the solid is the majority, it is permitted.

If the ends of the Schach protrude beyond the Sukah, they are viewed as part of the Sukah itself.

R. Chuna quoting Rabbanan of Bavel: This is only true if the canes protrude across the entire width of the Sukah.

R. Yaakov bar Acha/ R. Yasa/ R. Yochanan quoting R. Hoshiya: This law applies even if only one of the walls extends adjacent with the canes.

R. Yaakov bar Acha/ R. Chiya/ R. Yochanan quoting R. Hoshiya: This law applies even if they protrude beyond the Sukah walls into an area that is not enclosed with any walls.

Question: According to R. Yasa it is fine (that such as Sukah is valid, since it has one wall enclosing it); but according to R. Chiya [bar Aba] (that there are no walls enclosing it) how could he validate it?

Answer: The case of (p) merely refers to when there is an area of a Sukah that has more sun than shade - the Sukah is valid.

Question: (We learned in our Mishnah that( if there is more sun than shade, it is invalid. This implies that if it is exactly half shade and half sun, it is valid. However, the Mishnah (in Perek 2, Halacha 3) teaches that "a Sukah that is Medubleles, that its shade is more than its sun is valid". This implies that if it is exactly half and half, it is invalid?!

Answer (Rabbanan of Kisarin/ R. Yitschak bar Nachman quoting R. Hoshiya): The case there (Perek 2) is when he used Schach that is prone to spread out (such as leaves on a branch) - therefore, there needs to be a majority of shade so that if it spreads out during Sukos, there will still be half and half remaining. However, our Mishnah refers to Schach that does not spread out (such a straw); therefore, half and half is sufficient.