(Mishnah): Birkas Kohanim outside the Mikdash is three Berachos. In the Mikdash, it is one Berachah;

In the Mikdash, Hash-m's name is pronounced like it is written (with Yud-Kei). Outside the Mikdash, a Kinuy (substitute name) is said (Aleph-Dalet);

Outside the Mikdash, the Kohanim lift their hands to shoulder height. In the Mikdash, they raise their hands above their heads, except for the Kohen Gadol, since he may not raise his hands above the Tzitz on his forehead;

R. Yehudah says, even the Kohen Gadol raises his hands above the Tzitz - "va'Yisa Aharon Es Yadav El ha'Am va'Yvarchem."

How was the Brachah of the Kohen Gadol [on Yom Kipur]? The overseer of the Beis ha'Keneses (near the Mikdash) takes the Sefer Torah and gives it to the head of the Beis ha'Keneses (Gabai). He gives it to the Segan (the Kohen ready to substitute for the Kohen Gadol if necessary), and the Segan gives it to the Kohen Gadol.

The Kohen Gadol stands up, receives it and reads from the Parshiyos "Acharei Mos" and "v'Ach be'Asor" (which discuss Yom Kipur);

He rolls (closes) the Torah and puts it in his bosom and says 'there is more written in this Sefer than what I read.' He reads [Parshas] uve'Asor (Korbanos Musaf of Yom Kipur) in Sefer Bamidbar, by heart.

He blesses eight Berachos on it - for the Torah, for the Avodah, of thanks, for forgiveness of sin, for the Mikdash, for Yisrael, for the Kohanim, and for the rest of the prayer.

(Gemara) Question: Everywhere, you say that we go to the [Sefer] Torah, and here we bring the Torah to [the Kohen Gadol, and to the king, in the next Mishnah]?!

Answer: Rather, since they are great people, the Torah is elevated through them.

Question: There (in Bavel) they bring the Torah to the Reish Galusa (even though he is not always so great)!

Answer (R. Yosi bei R. Bun): Since David's seed is entrenched in them, they do like the custom of their fathers.