12th CYCLE DEDICATION
SOTAH 23-25 - A week of study material has been dedicated by Mrs. Rita Grunberger of Queens, N.Y., in loving memory of her husband, Reb Yitzchok Yakov (Irving) ben Eliyahu Grunberger. Irving Grunberger helped many people quietly in an unassuming manner and is dearly missed by all who knew him. His Yahrzeit is 10 Sivan.

[25a - 52 lines; 25b - 9 lines]

1)[line 3]דעוברת על דתD'OVERES AL DAS- that a woman who does not act according to the modest behavior of Jewish women, e.g. who is seen in public with her hair uncovered, who speaks with many men in an immodest manner, who secludes herself with men other than her husband, etc.

2)[line 6]התראהHASRA'AH

(a)If a person transgresses a Lav for which the punishment is the death penalty or lashes, he can only be put to death or lashed if he has been given a proper Hasra'ah (warning). The warning must be, "Abstain, because this action is prohibited and you will be punished with the death penalty (or with lashes) for doing it," or something to that effect. The warning must specifically name the Lav or Av Melachah that the person is about to transgress.

(b)In the case of a woman who is Overes Al Das, the need for a Hasra'ah or not will determine whether or not she will receive the value of her Kesuvah.

3)[line 20]מדיסקרתאMI'DISKARTA- This is probably the name of a place. The word means private town, settlement, or part of a town (e.g. (d'Iskarta) [Diskarta] d'Reish Galusa - the private town of the Reish Galusa - Eruvin 59a)

4)[line 24]וכולהוV'CHULHU- and all of them (i.e. the sages who attempted to answer this question previously, the Stama d'Gemara and Rava)

5)[line 24]שאני התם דלית לה אימתא דבעל כללSHANI HASAM D'LEIS LAH EIMSA D'VA'AL KELAL- those cases [where she needs Hasra'ah] are different, since the wife does not fear her husband at all

6)[line 27]כיון דקפיד קפידKEIVAN D'KAPID KAPID- that is, since a husband usually is Makpid (objects) to such conduct, we deal with this case as if it was a standard case of Kepeida, and he must divorce his wife

7)[line 29]סתמא דמילתאSETAMA D'MILSA- the standard case

8)[line 37]לחליה לקינויהL'CHALEI L'KINUYEI- let him annul his Kinuy

9)[line 40]ובן סורר ומורהBEN SORER U'MOREH - the "stubborn and rebellious son"

(a)A boy can become a Ben Sorer u'Moreh (Devarim 21:18-21) from the time that he shows signs of puberty (when two hairs grow) until he reaches a further stage of development (approximately three months later). He must steal money from his father, and buy 50 Dinars of meat, eating it rare outside his father's property and in bad company. He must also drink half a log (5 oz.) of wine with the meal. It is therefore forbidden for a boy of this age to eat such a meal at any time (Sefer ha'Mitzvos, Lo Sa'aseh #195).

(b)A Ben Sorer u'Moreh is punished with Sekilah (stoning). Rebbi Yosi ha'Glili explains that since he is running after worldly pleasures, he will eventually deplete all of his father's possessions, and when there is nothing left, he will stand at a crossroads and steal from people. It is better to kill him when he is young and has few sins than to let him live and die a wicked man (Sanhedrin 72a).

(c)The Gemara (Sanhedrin 68b-72a) learns that there are additional conditions necessary to become a Ben Sorer u'Moreh, which are so numerous and intricate that it is unfeasible for this punishment ever to be executed.

10)[last line]שטר העומד לגבות כגבוי דמיSHTAR HA'OMED LIGAVOS K'GAVUY DAMI

Ownership of a Shtar (a document of debt or deed) that gives a person title over property is equated to ownership of the property itself. Just as the person who owns and uses the property has a "Chazakah" over that property, so, too, the person who owns a document that gives him title to property has a "Chazakah" over that property.

25b----------------------------------------25b

11)[line 5]"[ואם לא נטמאה האשה וטהרה הוא] ונקתה ונזרעה זרע""[V'IM LO NITME'AH HA'ISHAH, U'TEHORAH HI;] V'NIKESAH, V'NIZRE'AH ZARA"- "[And if the woman was not defiled, and she is Tehorah,] she would be blessed that she would become pregnant." (Bamidbar 5:28)