1)

WHEN IS A CUT UP FETUS CONSIDERED BORN? (Yerushalmi Perek 3 Halachah 5 Daf 12a)

îçåúê ùéöà øàùå îäå

(a)

Question: If it came out cut up and the head left, what is the law? (Our Mishnah taught only if the majority left.)

øáé éñà àîø àéúôìâåï øáé éåçðï åøáé ìòæø øáé éåçðï àîø øàùå ëøåáå øáé ìòæø àîø øàùå ëàçã îàéáøéå

(b)

(R. Yosa): R. Yochanan and R. Lazar argue about this. R. Yochanan says that the head is like the majority, and R. Lazar says that the head is like one of the limbs.

îúðéúà ôìéâà òì øáé éåçðï éöà îçåúê àå îñåøñ îùéöà øåáå äøé æä ëéìåã

(c)

Question (against R. Yochanan - Mishnah): If it came out cut up or Mesuras, once the majority leaves, it is as if was born.

ôúø ìä (áùéöà øàùå) [ö"ì òì îñåøñ - ôðé îùä]

(d)

Answer: He explains that [both of them refer to Mesuras (i.e. whether the fetus came out cut up or whole);

[ãó éá òîåã á] îúðéúà ôìéâà òì ø' ìòæø éöà ëãøëå òã ùéöà øåá øàùå

(e)

Question (against R. Lazar - Mishnah): If it came out normally, it is not as if it was once born until the majority of the head leaves.

[ö"ì ôúø ìä áùéöà øàùå - ôðé îùä]

(f)

Answer: He explains that this is when the head left [first].

äãà ÷ãîéúà àîøä øàùå ìà ëìåí

(g)

Question: The Reisha taught that the head means nothing (it depends on the majority of the body! Rather, we must say that the Seifa discusses an intact fetus.)

(ôúø ìä òì îñåøñ - ôðé îùä îåç÷å) øáé éåðúï åøáé ùîòåï áï ì÷éù øáé éåðúï ëøáé éåçðï øáé ùîòåï áï ì÷éù ëøáé ìòæø

(h)

R. Yonason and Reish Lakish argue about this. R. Yonason holds like R. Yochanan, and Reish Lakish holds like R. Eliezer.

øáé æòéøà îçåé ìçáøééà ôãçúå åâåìâåìúå

(i)

R. Ze'ira showed Talmidim [that the majority of the head] is its forehead and skull.

äãà ãáé âîìéàì áé øáé ìéàðé áòà ÷åîé øáé îðà îëéåï ãàú àîø ååìã äåà îòúä äáà àçøéå àéðå áëåø ìà ìðçìä åìà ìëäï

(j)

Question (a Talmid of the academy of Gamliel bei R. Li'ani, to R. Mana): Since you say that it is a child, if so, what comes after it should not be a Bechor, not for inheritance and not for [giving five Shekalim to] a Kohen!

à"ì úéôúø ùéöàå îúéí

(k)

Answer (R. Mana): The case is, they left dead. (Inheritance depends on "Reishis Ono" - one that the father would mourn his death.)

øáé éöç÷ áø ðçîï áùí øáé ìòæø âåìâåìú äòåó áøåáå

(l)

(R. Yitzchak bar Nachman citing R. Lazar): The skull of a bird, the majority [must be crushed to make it Tereifah].

øáé æòéøà áùí ùîåàì âøâøú äòåó áøåáå

(m)

(R. Ze'ira citing Shmuel): The windpipe of a bird, the majority [must be cut to make it Tereifah].

àúà òåáãà ÷åîé øáé éåñé áàçã ùðé÷á îìà îçè åëé àéï àðå éåãòéï àé æä äåà øåáå:

(n)

A case came in front of R. Yosi, of one that was punctured the size of a needle [point. He said,] do we not know what is the majority (that we have a Safek about this)?

äãøï òìê ôø÷ äîôìú
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