Mishnah 1
1)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses the Hafarah (nullification) of the Nedarim of a Na'arah ha'Me'urasah. On what two conditions is a girl classified as a 'Na'arah'?
(b)For how long does she remain a Na'arah?
(c)On what condition are the Nedarim and the Hekdesh of an eleven-year old girl valid?
1)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses the Hafarah (nullification) of the Nedarim of a Na'arah ha'Me'urasah. A girl is classified as a 'Na'arah' - provided she has reached the age of twelve and grown two pubic hairs ...
(b)... and she remains a Na'arah - for exactly six months (at which point she becomes a Bogeres).
(c)The Nedarim and the Hekdesh of an eleven-year old girl are valid - provided she understands in whose Name she made the Neder or declared the Hekdesh.
2)
(a)Who, besides a Chacham, is able to annul the Nedarim of a Na'arah ha'Me'urasah?
(b)What if one of them annuls it without the other?
(c)Having said that the Na'arah ha'Me'urasah's father and Chasan can be Matir her Nedarim, why does the Tana find it necessary to add that if one of them is Matir without the other, the Neder is not nullified?
2)
(a)Besides a Chacham - a girl's father and Chasan are able to annul the Nedarim of a Na'arah ha'Me'urasah (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)If one of them is Matir without the other (See Tos. Yom-Tov) - the Neder remains intact.
(c)In spite of having said that the Na'arah ha'Me'urasah's father and Chasan can be Matir her Nedarim, the Tana finds it necessary to add that if one of them is Matir without the other, the Neder is not nullified - because we might otherwise have thought that when the Tana said 'her father and her Chasan', he meant either or.
3)
(a)What Kal va'Chomer does the Tana learn from the previous ruling?
(b)What can we learn from the fact that he finds it necessary to even mention it?
(c)Why is that?
3)
(a)The Tana learns from the previous ruling that - if the girl's Nedarim stand even when either her father or her Chasan is silent, how much more so if one of them actually upholds it.
(b)From the fact that he even finds it necessary to even mention it- we can learn that the same will apply, even if the one who upheld it subsequently nullifies his Kiyum, he no longer has the right to annul the girl's Neder (See Tos. Yom-Tov) ...
(c)... since the two men were unable to nullify the Neder simultaneously.
Mishnah 2
4)
(a)What will be the Din in the event of the death of ...
1. ... her father?
2. ... her Chasan?
(b)What is the source of the latter ruling?
(c)In the former case, at which point will her Chasan be able to nullify her Nedarim?
(d)In the above cases, a girl's father has an advantage over her husband (i.e. Chasan). What advantage does her husband (after they are married) have over her father?
4)
(a)In the event of the death of ...
1. ... her father - the Chasan may no longer nullify the Neder (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
2. ... her Chasan - her father may continue to nullify the Neder on his own ...
(b)... since the Torah writes "bi'Ne'urehah Beis Avihah" (from which we learn that as long as a girl is a Na'arah, she is under her father's jurisdiction [See Tos. Yom-Tov]).
(c)In the former case, her Chasan will be able to nullify her Nedarim - the moment he marries her.
(d)In the above cases, a girl's father has an advantage over her husband (i.e. Chasan). On the other hand, her husband (after they are married) has the advantage over her father - in that he may nullify his wife's Nedarim even after she becomes a Bogeres.
Mishnah 3
5)
(a)What if a Na'arah ...
1. ... makes a Neder and then becomes betrothed?
2. ... ha'Me'urasah makes a Neder and on the same day, she becomes divorced and engaged again, even a hundred times?
(b)Why must it be on the same day?
(c)Which principle governs this Halachah?
5)
(a)If a Na'arah ...
1. ... makes a Neder and then becomes engaged too - her father and her Chasan can nullify it.
2. ... ha'Me'urasah made a Neder and on the same day becomes divorced and engaged again even a hundred times - her father and the current Chasan can annul it.
(b)It must be on the same day - because it is only on the same day that a father (and a husband) are permitted to nullify the Nedarim of his daughter (or his wife).
(c)The principle that governs this Halachah is that - as long as a girl has not entered her own jurisdiction (even for one moment), her father and her current Chasan have the right to annul her Nedarim.
Mishnah 4
6)
(a)What does the Mishnah say Talmidei-Chachamim tend to do before their daughter leaves home (to enter the Chupah)?
(b)How about her Chasan?
(c)Why can he not wait until after the wedding?
(d)What Chidush can we derive from the Mishnah?
6)
(a)The Mishnah informs us that Talmidei-Chachamim tend to annul all their daughter's Nedarim before she leave home (to enter the Chupah).
(b)Needless to say - her Chasan must do likewise.
(c)He cannot wait until after the wedding - because a husband cannot annul the Nedarim that his wife made before the wedding.
(d)The Tana is coming to teach us - that a husband (and a father [See Tos. Yom-Tov]) can annul Nedarim that his wife made without even having heard them.
Mishnah 5
7)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses a Bogeres who waited twelve months. What is the significance of the twelve months?
(b)What does Rebbi Eliezer say about her, based on the fact that the Chasan then becomes obligated to feed her?
(c)What does he rule in the equivalent case regarding an Almanah?
(d)And what do the Chachamim say about this?
7)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses a Bogeres who waited twelve months - from the time that her Chasan asked her to prepare for the wedding (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)Based on the fact that the Chasan then becomes obligated to feed her, Rebbi Eliezer rules that - he may already annul her Nedarim (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)In the equivalent case regarding an Almanah - he gives the time as after thirty days.
(d)The Chachamim - forbid a Chasan to annul his wife's Nedarim until after they are married (See Tos. Yom-Tov DH 'va'Chachamim Omrim' & 'ad she'Tikaneis ... ').
Mishnah 6
8)
(a)According to Rebbi Eliezer, a Yevamaher Nedarim annuled, whether there are one or two Yevamin. What does Rebbi Yehoshua say?
(b)What is the case? On what condition can a Yavam annul his Yevamah's Nedarim?
(c)What is then the basis of the above Machlokes?
(d)Which dual principle governs Rebbi Yehoshua's ruling, permitting one Yavam to annul the Yevamah's Nedarim?
(e)On what grounds does Rebbi Akiva disagree with Rebbi Eliezer?
8)
(a)According to Rebbi Eliezer, a Yavam may annul the Yevamah's Nedarim whether there are one or two Yevamin. Rebbi Yehoshua permits it provided there is only one Yavam, but not where there are two (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)The case is - where one of the Yevamin performed Ma'amar.
(c)The basis of the ABOVE Machlokes is - whether Ma'amar acquires fully (Rebbi Eliezer) or not (Rebbi Yehoshua).
(d)The principle that governs Rebbi Yehoshua's ruling, permitting one Yavam to annul the Yevamah's Nedarim is - that not only do we say 'Yesh Zikah' (there is a bond between Yavam and a Yevamah), but that Zikah is akin to marriage (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(e)Rebbi Akiva disagrees with Rebbi Eliezer, because he holds - a. Zikah is not akin to marriage, and b. because Ma'amar does not acquire min ha'Torah.
9)
(a)On what Kal va'Chomer does Rebbi Eliezer base his ruling permitting a Yavam to nullify the Yevamah's Nedarim?
(b)How did Rebbi Akiva refute his proof?
(c)On what grounds did Rebbi Yehoshua query Rebbi Akiva?
(d)What did Rebbi Akiva mean when he replied that when all's said and done, the Yavam does not acquire the Yevamah in the same way as a man acquires his betrothed?
(e)Like whom is the Halachah?
9)
(a)Rebbi Eliezer bases his ruling permitting a Yavam to nullify the Yevamah's Nedarim on the Kal va'Chomer that - if a man is permitted to annul the Nedarim of a woman whom he acquired, how much more so of a woman who is handed to him from Heaven.
(b)Rebbi Akiva refutes his proof however on the grounds that - whereas in the former case, nobody else has jurisdiction over her, in the latter case, others (his brothers) do (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)Rebbi Yehoshua queried Rebbi Akiva - inasmuch as his argument falls away there where the Yavam has no brothers.
(d)When Rebbi Akiva replied that when all's said and done, the Yavam does not acquire the Yevamah in the same way as a man acquires his betrothed - he was referring to the fact that whereas a man who commits adultery with a betrothed woman is subject to Misah, someone who has relations with a Yevamah transgresses only a La'av (See also Tos. Yom-Tov).
(e)The Halachah is - like Rebbi Akiva.
Mishnah 7
10)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about a man who upholds in advance all the Nedarim that his wife will make from the time he departs (See Tos. Yom-Tov) up to the time that he returns from such and such a place?
(b)Why is that?
(c)According to Rebbi Eliezer, if he were to annul those same Nedarim, they would be annulled. Why is that?
(d)What do the Chachamim say?
10)
(a)The Mishnah rules that if a man upholds in advance all the Nedarim that his wife will make from the time he departs (See Tos. Yom-Tov) up to the time that he returns from such and such a place - his Kiyum is invalid ...
(b)... because, seeing as there are bound to be some Nedarim with which he disagrees, it is considered a Kiyum be'Ta'us.
(c)According to Rebbi Eliezer, if he were to annul those same Nedarim, they would be annulled - because a man does not want his wife to make Nedarim.
(d)The Chachamim hold - that they are valid.
11)
(a)What Kal va'Chomer does Rebbi Eliezer make to support his current ruling?
(b)How do the Chachamim counter his proof, based on the Pasuk in Matos "Iyshah Yekimenu ve'Iyshah Yefeirenu"?
11)
(a)To support his current ruling, Rebbi Eliezer Darshens - that if a man is able to annul his wife's Nedarim that have already taken effect, Kal va'Chomer those that have yet to take effect!
(b)The Chachamim counter his proof however, based on the Pasuk in Matos "Iyshah Yekimenu ve'Iyshah Yefeirenu" which teaches us that - it is only Nedarim that are subject to Kiyum that are subject to Hafarah, but not those that are not (Seeing Tos. Yom-Tov).
Mishnah 8
12)
(a)What does the Tana mean when he says 'Hafaras Nedarim Kol ha'Yom'?
(b)From which Pasuk in Matos does he learn this?
(c)Then why does the Torah write "mi'Yom el Yom" (implying twenty-four hours)?
(d)On what condition?
12)
(a)When the Tana says 'Hafaras Nedarim Kol ha'Yom', he means that - from the moment a father/husband hears his daughter/wife's Neder, he has until the following nightfall to annul it.
(b)He learns this from the Pasuk in Matos - "be'Yom Sham'o" (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)And the Torah writes "mi'Yom el Yom" (implying twenty-four hours) - to teach us that a father/husband are permitted to annul his daughter/wife's Nedarim at night-time as well as during the day ...
(d)... on condition he made the Neder after nightfall.
13)
(a)Up to when, for example, is a father/husband allowed to annul a Neder that his daughter/wife declared on Friday night?
(b)Why does the Tana give the example specifically of a Neder that is made on Shabbos?
(c)In what way does this differ from a Neder that a Chacham annuls?
(d)What is the reason for this distinction?
(e)What if a daughter or a wife makes a Neder shortly before the termination of Shabbos?
13)
(a)A father/husband is allowed, for example, to annul a Neder that his daughter/wife declared on Friday night - until Motza'ei Shabbos.
(b)The Tana gives the example specifically of a Neder that is made on Shabbos to teach us that - he is permitted to annul Nedarim (even if they do not affect Shabbos in any way) on Shabbos ...
(c)... as opposed to a Chacham - who may annul only Nedarim that affect Shabbos.
(d)The reason for this distinction is - because, whereas a father/husband only has until nightfall to annul the Neder, a Chacham will be able to annul it later.
(e)If a daughter or a wife makes a Neder shortly before the termination of Shabbos - her father/husband has until nightfall to annul it (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
14)
(a)When annulling a Neder, what does ...
1. ... a Chacham say?
2. ... a father or a husband say?
(b)Why the difference (Based on the technical difference between the Hatarah of a Chacham and the Hafarah of a father and of a husband)?
(c)What if the former says 'Mufar lach' or the latter 'Mutar lach'?
14)
(a)When annulling a Neder ...
1. ... a Chacham says - 'Mutar lach ... !'
2. ... a father or a husband must say - 'Mufar lach ... !' ...
(b)... because, whereas the former uproots the Neder retroactively from its inception, the latter negate it only from that moment on.
(c)Consequently, if the former says 'Mufar lach' or the latter 'Mutar lach' - the Neder remains intact.
15)
(a)What will be the Din if, instead of saying 'Kayam lechi' (to uphold his daughter/wife's Neder, he says 'If you don't declare the Neder, then I will!'?
(b)Why is that?
(c)What should they say on Shabbos, when one needs to make a change from the regular Lashon?
15)
(a)If, instead of saying 'Kayam lechi' (to uphold his daughter/wife's Neder, he says 'If you don't declare the Neder, then I will!' - the Neder stands ...
(b)... because, seeing as if he would have remained silent until nightfall, the Neder would have automatically taken effect - any Lashon that he uses is sufficient to uphold the Neder immediately.
(c)On Shabbos, when one needs to make a change from the regular Lashon, he should say - 'Take the food and eat it!' or 'Take the drink and drink it!', and the Neder will automatically be annulled.
16)
(a)What in the previous case, should he do if he is unable to force his daughter/wife to transgress her Neder?
(b)Will this be effective with regard to a regular Hafarah?
16)
(a)If, in the previous case, he is unable to force his daughter/wife to transgress her Neder - he is permitted to make the statement in his heart ...
(b)... though that will not suffice with regard to a regular Hafarah.
