[25a - 23 lines; 25b - 18 lines]
1)[line 5]àîèå ìäëéAMATU L'HACHI- because of this
2)[line 8]ëáø ôñ÷ä úðà ãáé ø' éùîòàìKEVAR PASKAH TANA D'VEI REBBI YISHMAEL- the Tana from the Yeshiva of Rebbi Yishmael has already set down that law (that money that has been designated for a Chatas is not used to bring an Olas Nedavah)
3)[line 9]"ø÷ ÷ãùéê""RAK KODASHECHA"- "Only your sacrifices" (Devarim 12:26) - These words refer to the Temurah of Kodshim (Bechoros 14b, Temurah 17b) (since there are many other verses that require that Kodshim themselves be brought to Yerushalayim - RASHI to Bechoros 14b).
4)[line 9]"àùø éäéå ìê""ASHER YIHEYU LECHA"- "which will be [born] to you" (Devarim 12:26) - These words refer to the offspring of Kodshim (Bechoros 14b, Temurah 17b).
5)[line 17]åúîåøú àùíTEMURAS ASHAM (TEMURAH)
(a)The Torah states, "Do not try to transfer or exchange it (an animal that has been designated as a Korban) [for another animal], neither a good animal for a bad one nor a bad one for a good one. If you do exchange an animal [of Kodesh] for another animal [that is not], both the original animal and the one given in exchange for it, will be Kodesh" (Vayikra 27:10). The Chinuch explains that the reason for the prohibition of Temurah is to teach us the proper reverence that we must have for objects of Kedushah (SEFER HA'CHINUCH 351, 352).
(b)The second animal, or the Temurah, is a valid Korban, and if it has no Mum (blemish that invalidates it), it must also be offered on the Mizbe'ach (unless the original Korban was a Chatas or an Asham).
(c)A person who intentionally makes a Temurah receives Malkus (lashes). Sometimes, even if a person makes a Temurah b'Shogeg (unintentionally), he receives Malkus (see Chart to Temurah 17a).
6)[line 19]àùí äåà áäåééúå éäàASHAM HU, B'HAVAYASO YEHEI- the Girsa in Temurah 17b and in Tosfos to 25b DH Rebbi Akiva is "ASHAM HU," HU KAREV V'EIN TEMURASO KEREIVAH
7a)[line 22]äà åìã çèàú äåà ãâîéøéï áä îéúäHA VELAD CHATAS, HU D'GEMIRIN BAH MISAH- but we have learned that only the offspring [and the Temurah] of a Chatas are put to death [and not the Temurah of an Olah or offspring of a Shelamim]
b)[line 22]åìã çèàú äåà ãâîéøéï áä îéúäVELAD CHATAS, HU D'GEMIRIN BAH MISAH (CHAMESH CHATA'OS MESOS)
(a)There are five Chata'os that are put to death by locking them up without food until they die:
1.The offspring of a Chatas
2.The Temurah (see Background to Yoma 50:10) of a Chatas
3.A Chatas, the owner of which has died
4.A Chatas of a sheep or goat that became a year old (and is therefore invalid as a Korban Chatas), the owner of which brought a different Chatas to atone for his sins
5.A Chatas that was lost and was later found with a Mum, the owner of which brought a different Chatas to atone for his sins (Temurah 21b)
25b----------------------------------------25b
8)[line 14]àùí ùðéú÷ ìøòééäASHAM SHE'NITAK L'RE'IYAH - The Asham Animal that is Put to Pasture
An Asham that is in one of the 5 categories for which a Chatas is put to death (see previous entry) is put out to pasture until it develops a Mum, after which it is redeemed. Its value is used to purchase an Olas Nedavah for the Tzibur.
9)[last line]÷éðéïKININ - Bird Sacrifices Offered in Place of Animal Sacrifices
(a)A Metzora (see Background to Nazir 14:5), on the eighth day after he is healed from his Tzara'as, must bring Korbanos to complete his Taharah. The animal Korbanos are two male sheep and one female sheep. One of the male sheep is offered as an Olah, the other as an Asham. The female sheep is offered as a Chatas. If he could not afford to buy all these animals, he is called a poor Metzora. The poor Metzora brings two Torim (turtledoves) or two Bnei Yonah (common doves) as the Olah and the Chatas; however, a sheep is still brought as his Asham.
(b)When a woman becomes Tehorah after being a Yoledes (a woman who gave birth), she must bring a Korban to complete her purification process and to enable her to eat Kodshim and enter the Beis ha'Mikdash. The Korban brought by a Yoledes includes a male sheep as an Olah and a Tor or a Ben Yonah as a Chatas. If she could not afford a sheep, she brings a Ken, i.e. two Torim or two Bnei Yonah, one as an Olah and one as a Chatas.
(c)A person brings a Korban Oleh v'Yored in three specific cases:
1.Shevu'as ha'Edus (see Background to Yoma 74:1),
2.Tum'as Mikdash v'Kodashav (see Background to Nazir 17:3b),
3.Korban Shevu'ah (see Background to Nedarim 2:3).
(d)What constitutes a Korban Oleh v'Yored varies based on the means of the penitent.
1.If he is wealthy, he brings a female sheep or goat as a Chatas (Korban Ashir).
2.If he cannot afford this, he brings two Torim or two Bnei Yonah, one as an Olah and one as a Chatas (Korban Oleh v'Yored b'Dalus).
3.If he cannot even afford the birds, he brings one tenth of an Eifah of fine flour as a Minchas Chatas (Korban oleh v'Yored b'Dalei Dalus) (Vayikra 5:6-13).
(e)An Olas ha'Of and a Chatas ha'Of were offered on the Mizbe'ach differently (e.g. the blood of the Olas ha'Of was pressed out above the Chut ha'Sikra (red line) that divided the Mizbe'ach in half, whereas the blood of the Chatas ha'Of was sprinkled below the Chut ha'Sikra). If one was offered in the manner prescribed for the other, it became Pasul. Therefore, the Kohen had to know which one he was offering.
(f)The Gemara below, Daf 26a, refers to a person who becomes wealthy and uses the money that he set aside for Kinin to purchase a Chatas Behemah or an Olas Behemah. The only case that fits this description is the Metzora, where his animal Korbanos include both of these Behemos. Purchasing a Chatas Behemah can apply also to those who are obligated in a Korban Oleh v'Yored and purchasing an Olas Behemah by itself can apply to a Yoledes.