1)

Why does it say "v'Gam Eleh ba'Yayin Shagu"?

1.

Sanhedrin 111b:Midas ha'Din asked, why are Tzadikim with these Midos (refer to 28:5:3:1) treated better than others who do Your will? Hashem answers, the others (were not such Tzadikim;) also stumbled in wine.

2.

Rashi: Also those who judge and fight wars in the generation, i.e. the best of them, erred in wine. Now, there are no good ones among them.

3.

Radak: Also Yehudah and Binyamin erred with wine, in the days of Achaz. Also they were worthy to be exiled; they were not, for a king (Chizkiyah) was destined to rule over them who would return them in Teshuvah.

4.

Malbim: This refers to the rest of His nation and it Giborim, i.e. Shevet Yehudah. They should have learned a lesson from Efrayim, who were stricken through wine!

2)

Why does it add "uva'Shechar Ta'u"?

1.

Malbim: First they erred slightly via wine. Later, they erred greatly via Shechar, i.e. intoxicating wine 1 .


1

If "Yayin" does not intoxicate, why did they err through it? Perhaps it intoxicates a little. (PF)

3)

Why does it mention "Kohen v'Navi"?

1.

Radak: It is upon them to teach the Torah. They erred like [the others], through drinking and pleasures. "Navi" refer to false Nevi'im. They deceived them, and permitted to them pleasure, and said 'you will have Shalom. Do not fear; do what you want.'

2.

Radak citing Targum Yonasan: Navi is Safar (a Talmid).

3.

Malbim: It is upon them 1 to teach the Torah.


1

Malbim explains that Navi is a true Navi, unlike Radak. Refer to 28:7:4:2. (PF)

4)

Did the wine swallow them?!

1.

Radak: They were ruined through drinking too much, and strayed from the proper path from much strong drink.

2.

Malbim: The Navi's power of Nevu'ah and imagination were destroyed.

5)

What is the meaning of "Shagu ba'Ro'eh"?

1.

Rashi: They mocked the words of the Ro'eh (Navi).

2.

Rashi citing Targum Yonasan: [They erred in] eating delicacies that they saw delight in them.

3.

Radak: Ro'eh is a name; its grammatical form is like "Yoreh [u'Malkosh]" (Devarim 11:14). They erred about the Nevu'ah of the true Nevi'im, and did not follow them.

4.

Radak citing his father: They erred even about something that the eye can see.

5.

Malbim: [Since their Nevu'ah and imagination were destroyed,] they saw false visions and seductions.

6)

Why does it say "Paku Peliliyah"?

1.

Sanhedrin 111b: Judges who judged when they were drunk will go to Paku, i.e. Gehenom - "this should not be for you l'Fukah" (Shmuel I, 25:31). Peliliyah implies judges - "v'Nasan bi'Flilim" (Shemos 21:22).

2.

Rashi: They gave wrong judgment. Paku is an expression of [stumbling], like "u'Fik Birkayim" (Nachum 2:11) and " l'Fukah." Radak - this refers to the Kohen and Navi, who should judge them true Mishpat.

Sefer: Perek: Pasuk:

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