(Mishnah): Kishus (cucumbers) and Melafafon (white gourds) are not Kilayim with each other. R. Yehuda says that they are Kilayim. (Note: In this Mishnah as well as the coming Mishnayos, we have stated the Hebrew name for each species as well as a possible translation, although the translation is often a dispute amongst the various commentators.)

Chazeres (lettuce) and Chazeres Galin (wild lettuce); Olshin (endives) and wild Olshin; Kereshin (leek) and wild Kereshin; Kusbar (coriander) and wild Kusbar; Chardal (mustard) and Egyptian Chardal; Egyptian Dala'as (gourd) and Harmutza (bitter) Dala'as (gourd), Egyptian Pul (bean) and Charuv Pul are not Kilayim with each other.

(Gemara) (R. Yudan bar Menashe): The reasoning of the Chachamim that cucumbers and white gourds are not Kilayim is that a person sometimes plants a seed from the inner chamber of the Kishus and it grows into an Avatiach (watermelon). And sometimes he plants a seed from the inner chamber of an Avatiach and it grows into a Melafafon. (This shows that they are all one species.)

(R. Yehuda): The core of Melafafon is a mixed breed - a person sometimes plants a seed from the inner chamber of the Avatiach and a seed from the inner chamber of an apple and puts them in a pit and they combine and become Kilayim. Therefore, in Greek they call a Melafafon a Mulafefon (i.e. a mixture).

Question: What does R. Yehuda say about whether Kishus and Avatiach are Kilayim?

Answer: Learn from the Tosefta - Kishus, Avatiach and Melafafon are not Kilayim with each other. R. Yehuda says that they are.

Rebuttal: Perhaps it means that Kishus and Melafafon are not Kilayim; similarly Avatiach and Melafafon are not Kilayim. R. Yehuda says that these two pairs are Kilayim; but as for Kishus and Avatiach, it is still questionable as to R. Yehuda's view of them.

Chazares and Chazeres Galim - R. Chananya said that Chazeres Galim is Chasa D'Igron (mountain lettuce). Shimon son of R. Avi said that it is Antochin. R. Yosi bei R. Bun said that it is Yasi Chali.

Olshin is Troksimon (endives); wild Olshin is Olsin; Kereshin is Karsi (leek) and wild Kereshin is Kaflotin.

The Mishnah taught that Egyptian Dala'as (gourd) and Harmutza Dala'as (bitter gourd) are not Kilayim with each other. The Mishnah is not like R. Nechemia, as it was taught in a Baraisa from R. Nechemia - the Aramian Dala'as, which is the Egyptian Dala'as, is considered Kilayim with the Greek Dala'as and the Harmutza Dala'as.

Harmutza - R. Chinana said that it's a type of bitter Dala'as and it's sweetened by baking it in ashes.

Charuv - R. Yona said that it is a type of Egyptian bean from Persia whose leaves are similar to a carob.

(Mishnah): Lefes (turnip) and Nafus (a type of radish), Keruv and Truvtor (two types of cabbage), Teradin and Leonim (two types of beets) are not Kilayim.

R. Akiva added Shum (garlic) and Shumanis (wild garlic); Betzal (onion) and Betzaltzul (wild onion); Turmus (lupine) and Pluslus (wild lupine) are not Kilayim.

(Gemara): 'Lefes, Nafus, Keruv and Truvtor' - Truvtor is thin cabbage; 'Teradin and Leonim' - Leonim is Me'uyin (a sharp tasting fruit).

R. Akiva added Shum and Shumanis. Shumanis is Tumnisan garlic.

'Betzal and Betzaltzul' - Betzaltzul is Pallalgola (a small desert onion). 'Turmus and Pluslus' - Pluslus is Parmu'ah and they are not Kilayim with each other.