1)

TOSFOS DH B'YOM ARBA'IM LI'YETZIRAS HA'VELAD

úåñ' ã"ä áéåí î' ìéöéøú æëø

(Summary: Tosfos ugh describes Shmuel's expertise.)

àó ùàéï éëåìéï ìéãò éåí àøáòéí ìéöéøä...

(a)

Implied Question: Even though one cannot generally know the exact fortieth day of the baby's formation ...

ãäìà ùëáú æøò ùåää ì÷ìåè ôòîéí òã ùìùä éîéí...

1.

Reason: Seeing as the semen can delay taking root until the third day ...

åîéäå ùîåàì äéä á÷é...

(b)

Answer: Nevertheless, Shmuel was an expert ...

ëãàîøéðï ôø÷ äîôìú (ðãä ëä:) 'ùàðé ùîåàì ãøá âåáøéä.'

1. Source: As the Gemara explains in Perek ha'Mapeles (Nidah, Daf 25b) "Shmuel is different, since he was an expert

2)

TOSFOS DH KA MASHMA LAN

úåñ' ã"ä ÷à îùîò ìï

(Summary: Tosfos clarifies the conclusion and cites the She'iltos le'Halachah.)

ôéøåù -àôùø ìôúéçú ä÷áø áìà ãí...

(a)

Clarification: It is possible for the womb to open without blood ...

åäëé ôñé÷ áùàìúåú ãøá àçàé ...

(b)

Halachah: And this is how the She'iltos of Rav Acha'i Gaon Paskens ...

îäàé ãäëà- ã'ùåçèéï åæåø÷éï.'

1.

Source: Based on the current Sugya - from the fact that one can Shecht and sprinkle the blood for her.

10b----------------------------------------10b

3)

TOSFOS DH MI'CHELAL D'KEVES BEN SHANAH B'SELA

úåñ' ã"ä îëìì ãëáù áï ùðä áñìò

(Summary: Tosfos reconciles this with two Sugyos which suggest otherwise, and describes the differences between Chatas and Asham.)

å÷ùä, ùäøé àåîø 'áçèàú áú ãð÷à' áôø÷ àéæäå î÷åîï (æáçéí ãó îç.)?

(a)

Question #1: The Gemara in Perek Eizehu Mekoman (Zevachim, Daf 48a) states that one may bring a Chatas that is worth a Danka (a sixth of a Dinar).

åâí àîøéðï ì÷îï (ãó ëæ.) 'îôðé îä ìà ðúðä úåøä ùéòåø ÷öáä ìîçåñøé ëôøä? ùîà éåæìå èìàéí åàéï ìäí ëôøä?'

(b)

Question #2: Furthermore, the Gemara later (on Daf 27a) Explains that the Torah did not specify a fixed amount for Mechusrei Kaparah - in case the value of lambs drops and they will not be able to obtain a Kaparaha?

åé"ì, äà ã÷àîø 'ëáù áñìò' ,øâéìåú äåà ù÷åðäå áñìò ìîöåä îï äîåáçø, àáì áôçåú ñâé.

(c)

Answer: When the Gemara talks of 'a lamb for a Sela', it was customary to purchase it at that price in order to perform the Mitzvah in an ideal fashion , but one was permitted to spend less.

àáì àùí öøéê ëñó ù÷ìéí, ãîãàåøééúà äåà...

(d)

Asham: An Asham on the other hand, had to be worth two Shekalim, since it is d'Oraysa ...

àáì çèàú ãàåøééúà àéï ìä ùéòåø ø÷ îãøáðï...

1.

Chatas: Whereas a Chatas has no Shi'ur min ha'Torah, only mi'de'Rabanan ...

ìëê îöåä ìëúçìä áñìò åáôçåú ñâé òã ãð÷à, àáì ôçåú îãð÷à îé÷øé òáøééðà.

2.

Chatas (cont.): Therefore Lechatchilah, one should spend a Sela, and Bedi'eved, a Danka, but for less than that, one is called 'Avaryana' (a sinner).

åîëì î÷åí àí äåæìå åäí ùîðéí áôçåú îãð÷à, îúëôø áäí.

3.

Chatas (concl.): Nevertheless, in the event that the price drops, and there are fat sheep that are worth les than a Danka, one attains one's atonement with them.

åáàùîåú àôéìå äí ùîðéí åèåáéí áôçåú îëñó ù÷ìéí ùäåæìå, àéðå îúëôø ...

(e)

Asham (cont): But Ashamos, even if the rams are fat and good, if they are worth less two Shekalim, due to a drop in price, one does not attain atonement ...

îùåí ãëúéá "ëñó ù÷ìéí".

1.

Reason: Since the Torah writes "Kesef Shekalim".

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