(Mishnah): A Cheresh (deaf-mute) gestures or reacts to gestures (to make transactions);

Ben Beseirah says, he moves his lips or responds to lip motion (and this suffices) for Metaltelim.

Pa'utos (mature children), their purchase or sale of Metaltelim is valid.

(Gemara): Ben Beseirah says, he moves his lips or responds to lip motion; [via this] he hires [workers] and hires himself [to work for others - PNEI MOSHE].

Pa'utos are youths.

(R. Yochanan): [They can buy and sell Metaltelim] for their life essentials.

(R. Mana): Even though R. Yosi did not collect documents based on Asmachta (fines if one will not fulfill his stipulation), for these people who give their children to craftsmen [to learn a trade], we collect them, due to livelihood (if not, people will not teach trades to children).

(Mishnah): The following are enactments for the sake of Shalom.

A Kohen reads the Torah first, followed by a Levi, followed by a Yisrael, for the sake of Shalom;

The Eruv (bread used to make a courtyard shared by different houses considered one joint domain) is placed in the old house (we do not change to a different house), for the sake of Shalom.

The pit closest to [the river, which is the source of] the irrigation channel fills first, for the sake of Shalom.

If a Cheresh, lunatic or minor found a [Hefker] Metzi'ah, theft applies to it (it is considered stealing to take it from him), for the sake of Shalom;

R. Yosi says, this is absolute theft!

[What was caught in] traps for Chayos, birds and fish, theft applies to it, for the sake of Shalom;

R. Yosi says, this is absolute theft!

If an Oni (poor person) knocks down olives from an olive tree, theft applies to (the olives below), for the sake of Shalom;

R. Yosi says, this is absolute theft!

We do not object to poor Nochrim who take Leket, Shichechah and Pe'ah (agricultural gifts left for the poor), for the sake of Shalom.

(Gemara): R. Shimon ben Yochai's words show that it is mid'Oraisa (that the order of reading the Torah is Kohen, Levi, Yisrael);

(Beraisa - R. Shimon ben Yochai): "Va'Yichtov Moshe Es ha'Torah ha'Zos va'Yitnah El ha'Kohanim Bnei Levi..." and afterwards "v'El Kol Ziknei Yisrael."

R. Yehoshua ben Levi's words show that it is mid'Rabanan;

(R. Yehoshua ben Levi): I never blessed before a Kohen, and I never let a Yisrael bless before me. (If it were mid'Oraisa, it is no Chidush that he never transgressed!)

R. Chaninah's words show that it is mid'Rabanan;

(R. Chaninah): If a city is [almost] all Kohanim, a Yisrael reads first, for the sake of Shalom. (If it were mid'Oraisa, we could not enact against the Torah for the sake of Shalom!)

(R. Achi and R. Tanchum bar Chiya citing R. Simlai): If a city is all Kohanim, all of them raise their hands (give Birkas Kohanim).

Question: Whom do they bless?

Answer: [They bless] their brethren in the north and in the south (i.e. everywhere else).

Question: Who answers [to their Brachah]?

Answer: Women and children [answer].

(Abaye bar Binyamin - Beraisa): People standing in back of the Kohanim are not included in (do not receive) the Brachah.

People standing in front of the Kohanim - R. Chiya bar Ba said that even an iron wall does not interrupt (they receive the Brachah).

Question: What is the law of people standing to the side?

Answer: We learn from the following. If one intended to sprinkle [Mei Chatas] in front of himself and he sprinkled in back, or [he intended to sprinkle] in back and he sprinkled in front, the sprinkling is Pasul;

If he intended in front and he sprinkled to the side, the sprinkling is Kosher.

Inference: People standing to the side are included in the Brachah.

(Rav Chisda): The Chazan (Makri, the one who says the words for the Kohanim to repeat) must be a Yisrael.

Note: Presumably, this is only l'Chatchilah, for above we said that there is Birkas Kohanim even in a city of all Kohanim. (PF) The RAMBAM (Hilchos Tefilah 14:14) says that we strive that the Makri be a Yisrael.

(Rav Chisda): If there was one Kohen, [the one who calls them to bless] says 'Kohen'. If there were two Kohanim, he says 'Kohanim'.

(Rav Huna): Even to one Kohen he says 'Kohanim', for he calls to the Shevet, lest [a Kohen be suspected of Aveiros, and] you will say 'how is it that Ploni transgresses Arayos or murders, and he blesses us?!'

Hash-m said, who blesses you? Is it not Me - "v'Samu Es Shemi Al Bnei Yisrael va'Ani Avarchem"!