(Mishnah): It must be wide enough and strong enough to hold it;

R. Yehudah says, if it is wide enough [this suffices], even if it is not strong enough.

(Gemara - Beraisa - R. Shimon): It must be strong enough [to hold a half brick], even if it is not wide enough.

(Rav Huna citing Rav): The Halachah follows R. Meir (the Stam first Tana of our Mishnah).

(Shmuel): The Halachah follows R. Yehudah.

(R. Yehoshua ben Levi): The Halachah follows R. Shimon.

(R. Shimon bar Karsena): Since some say that the Halachah follows this opinion, and some say that the Halachah follows this opinion, one who does like this need not be concerned, and one who does like this need not be concerned (we do not retract it).

Objection (R. Mana): Since [one opinion] says that the Halachah follows Chachamim, we abandon the individual and do like Rabanan!

Version #1: Rav went to a place and saw a Mavuy permitted through a flimsy Korah. He hit it with a stick, and toppled it.

Rav Huna: A date tree stands [at the opening. They can rely on it for a Lechi!]

Rav: [Do you think that] the eyes of Rav Huna see [the tree], and the eyes of Rav do not see [it]?!

Version #1A: Rather, I forbid to them [to carry this Shabbos, since they thought that it is permitted] due to the Korah, and I permit to them the coming Shabbos due to the Lechi, so they will know that if the date tree is removed, it is forbidden to carry.

Version #1B: [He forbade to them this Shabbos] lest they think that the Halachah follows R. Yehudah. R. Yehudah says, if it is wide, even if it is not strong.

Version #2: R. Chinena did not say so. Rather, Rav went to a place and saw a Mavuy whose Korah was removed. He forbade it.

Rav Huna: A date tree stands [at the opening. They can rely on it for a Lechi!]

Rav: [Do you think that] the eyes of Rav Huna see [the tree], and the eyes of Rav do not see [it]?!

Version #2A: Rather, I forbid to them [this Shabbos] due to the Korah, and I permit to them the coming Shabbos due to the Lechi, so they will know that if the date tree is removed, it is forbidden to carry.

Version #2B: [He forbade to them this Shabbos] lest they think that the Halachah follows R. Yehudah. (In Menachos 9:3, he says that if the Lechi or Korah was removed from a Mavoy on Shabbos, it is permitted for that Shabbos and forbidden in the future.)

Contradiction: A Mishnah (Beitzah 4:2) says "what is a Karfef (from which one may bring wood on Yom Tov)? It is any [enclosed area] close to the city.'' R. Yehudah says so, and here he says so?! (Below (Mishnah 2:5), the first Tana permits a Karfef... if there is a watchman's shack or Beis Dirah inside, or it is close to the city. R. Yehudah says, even if there is only a pit or cave inside, one may carry inside. I.e. it is not enough to be close to the city!)

Answer (R. Mana): R. Yehudah teaches only that a pit or cave is like a Beis Dirah. (He agrees that anything close to the city is permitted. We explained this like PNEI MEIR.)

(Mishnah): If the Korah is made of straw or reeds, we consider it to be of metal. If it is bent, we consider it to be straight. If it is round (cylindrical), we consider it to be square (rectangular).

If the circumference is three Tefachim, it is a Tefach wide. (This is not exact. See note 5 in Appendix.)

(Gemara) Question: According to whom [does our Mishnah teach that if it is made of straw or reeds, we consider it to be of metal]? It is like R. Yehudah, who says that if it is wide, even if it is not strong.

(Mishnah): If it is bent, we consider it to be straight.

(R. Acha citing R. Ze'ira): This is like R. Yehudah.

(R. Yosah citing R. Ze'ira): All agree to this. This is when the bend is not Me'akev the Mavuy (this will be explained), but if the bend is Me'akev the Mavuy, it is forbidden;

Which bend is not Me'akev the Mavuy? Anything that if [what leaves Hechsher Mavuy, i.e. within three Tefachim of the opening] were removed, there is not three Tefachim] between this [end of what remains] and this [end].

(Mishnah): If it is round, we consider it to be square.

Also this is like R. Yehudah.

They learned from the Yam [Shel Shlomo, that if the circumference is three, it is one wide]. "Va'Ya'as Es ha'Yam Mutzak Eser ba'Amah...'' (its width was 10, and its circumference was 30).

Implied question: You cannot say that [the Yam] was round, for it already says that that it was square. (It does not say so explicitly, but "u'Feka'im... Sovevim Oso Eser ba'Amah... Saviv'' connotes so.) You cannot say that it was round, for it already says "Agol''!

[Also,] if you will say that that it was square, (since the width was 10, the area on top was 100, and it was five Amos deep, so it was 500 cubic Amos, i.e. 166 and two thirds times the Shi'ur of a Mikveh (three cubic Amos). And if you will say that that it was round, (since the diameter was 10, the area on top was 75, and it was five Amos deep, so) it was 125 times the Shi'ur of a Mikveh (375 cubic Amos! We know that it was 150 times the Shi'ur of a Mikveh.)

Resolution: The top two Amos were round (their volume was 150 cubic Amos), and the bottom three Amos were square (their volume was 300 cubic Amos). It turns out that it held [in all 450 cubic Amos, i.e.] 150 times the Shi'ur of a Mikveh.

Contradiction: One verse says "Alpayim Bas Yachil'' (it holds 2000 Bas. Bas is three Sa'im, so the Yam was 6000 Sa'im, i.e. 150 Mikva'os). Another verse says "Machazik Batim Sheloshes Alafim Yachil''!

You cannot say that it holds 2000, for it says 3000! You cannot say that it holds 3000, for it says 2000 Bas!

Resolution: It held 2000 of liquid [which cannot be piled up above the top], which equals 3000 of dry (for one can pile up an additional 1000 on top).

Consequence: From here Chachamim learned that a measure of 40 Sa'im of liquid equals two Korim (60 Sa'im) of dry (one can pile up on top half the volume of the Kli. This is for Kelim of a standard shape. The amount that one can pile up on top depends only on the area of the top. The depth does not affect this at all!)