12th Cycle Dedication

ERCHIN 5 - Dedicated in memory of Rivkah bas Reb Avraham Leib, who passed away on 15 Adar 5764, and her husband, Nachum ben Reb Shlomo Dovid (Mosenkis) Z"L, who passed away on 23 Teves 5700, by their son and daughter-in-law, Sid and Sylvia Mosenkis (of Queens, NY).

[5a - 40 lines; 5b - 44 lines]

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We recommend using the textual changes suggested by the Bach and the marginal notes of the Vilna Shas. This section is devoted to any other important corrections that Acharonim have pointed out in the Gemara, Rashi and Tosfos.

[1] Rashi 5a DH Hasam (at the end of the Daf) : ã"ä äúí

Should be corrected as suggested by Shitah Mekubetzes #15

[2] Rashi 5b DH Ela me'Atah ã"ä àìà îòúä:

the words "Lo Yim'alu Vo" ìà éîòìå áå

are a new Dibur

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1)[line 10]ãáø ùàéï äðùîä úìåéä áåDAVAR SHE'EIN HA'NESHAMAH TELUYAH VO- a part of an animal's body, the removal of which does not result in death

2a)[line 13]÷ãåùú äâåóKEDUSHAS HA'GUF- an animal whose body is consecrated to be offered on the Mizbe'ach

b)[line 13]÷ãåùú ãîéíKEDUSHAS DAMIM- with an animal whose value is consecrated; i.e. he consecrated it to be sold and to buy an animal for an offering in exchange

3)[line 14]æëøZACHAR- a ram

4a)[line 26]úé÷åTEIKU - An Unresolved Question

(a)The Pri Megadim (in his Igeres preceding his introduction to Orach Chaim, #9) quotes and discusses various explanations for the word Teiku:

1.It is sealed in its container ("Tik") (ARUCH, Erech Tik).

2.Tehei Ka'i - "Let it (the question) stand" (MUSAF HA'ARUCH).

3.Tishbi Yetaretz Kushyos v'Ibayos - "Eliyahu ha'Navi will answer difficulties and questions" (TOSFOS YOM TOV, end of Eduyos).

b)[line 26]úé÷åTEIKU- In the Gemara here, at the time that Rava asked his question, there was no proof known with which to resolve the question. However, when the Beraisa (quoted at the end of 4b) was discovered the matter was resolved, as the Gemara mentions earlier (TOSFOS DH d'Ba'i).

5)[line 31]ùãä àçåæäSEDEH ACHUZAH

(a)A Sedeh Achuzah is a field that came into the possession of its owner's family after the conquest and division of Eretz Yisrael, at the time of Yehoshua bin Nun.

(b)If a person was Makdish (consecrated to the possession of the Beis ha'Mikdash) his Sedeh Achuzah, everyone has the right to redeem it from Hekdesh from that day until Yom ha'Kipurim of the Yovel year. If the Makdish redeems it, he must pay to Hekdesh an additional fifth (of the ensuing total, or a quarter of the original value) of the value of the field. If the Makdish does not redeem his field by Yom ha'Kipurim of the Yovel year, but rather it is not redeemed, or another person redeems it, it is given to the Mishmar of Kohanim who are on duty at that time (Vayikra 27:15-21).

(c)When redeeming a Sedeh Achuzah from Hekdesh, its "value" is determined according to the fixed endowment value stated in Vayikra 27:16, i.e. 50 silver Shekels for every parcel of land that is normally sown with a Chomer (1 Chomer = 1 Kur = 30 Se'ah or approximately 216, 248.9 or 432 liters, depending upon the differing Halachic opinions) of barley seed (75,000 sq. Amos — see Background to Kidushin 60:17). However, fifty Shekels are given only if the field was redeemed at the beginning of a new Yovel cycle; the amount decreases proportionally with every year that passes until it is less than two years before the next Yovel. At that point, it is once again redeemed for fifty Shekels per Chomer (ibid. 25a).

6)[line 35]àéï àãí îåöéà ãáøéå ìáèìäEIN ADAM MOTZI DEVARAV L'VATALAH

Rebbi Meir is of the opinion that a person does not utter words for no purpose. Therefore, when a person's statement seems to be nonsensical, we "read into" his words a more plausible explanation.

5b----------------------------------------5b

7)[line 14]àé àîéðà ìä ìîøä îæáéï ìä ðéäìé, úé÷ãåù ìä îäùúàIY AMINA LAH L'MARAH MAZBIN LAH NIHALI, TIKDOSH LAH ME'HASHTA- if I will convince its owner to sell it to me, it should be consecrated as a sacrifice from now

8)[line 16]àîø "òìé" / àîø "äøé æå"AMAR "ALAI" / AMAR "HAREI ZO" (NEDER / NEDAVAH)

(a)A person may offer a Korban in the Beis ha'Mikdash as a voluntary sacrifice, as it states in Vayikra 1:2. Voluntary Korbanos may be Olos (which are burned entirely on the Mizbe'ach, see Vayikra 1:2-17, 6:1-6), Shelamim (parts of which are eaten, see Vayikra 3:1-17, 7:11-21, 7:28-37) or Menachos (flour offerings, see Vayikra 2:1-13, 6:7-11, 7:9-10).

(b)When a person states, "I pledge an Olah" ("Harei Alai Olah"), without singling out a specific animal, his pledge is called a Neder. When he afterwards sets aside an animal with which to fulfill his pledge, and the animal gets lost or dies, he must bring another in its place. If he states, "This animal is an Olah" ("Harei Zo Olah"), his pledge is called a Nedavah. If the animal gets lost or dies, he has no obligation to bring another in its place.

9)[line 34]"[åéàîø ìäí æøááì åéùåò åùàø øàùé äàáåú ìéùøàì] ìà ìëí åìðå ìáðåú áéú ìà-ì÷éðå [ëé àðçðå éçã ðáðä ìä' à-ì÷é éùøàì ëàùø öåðå äîìê ëåøù îìê ôøñ]""[VA'YOMER LAHEM ZERUBAVEL V'YESHU'A U'SHE'AR ROSHEI HA'AVOS L'YISRAEL:] LO LACHEM VA'LANU LIVNOS BAYIS L'EL-KEINU [KI ANACHNU YACHAD NIVNEH LA'SH-M EL-KEI YISRAEL, KA'ASHER TZIVANU HA'MELECH KORESH MELECH PARAS]" - "[And Zerubavel, Yeshu'a, and the remaining heads of the fathers of Yisrael said to them:] It is not up to you and us to build (together) a house for our G-d, [rather we by ourselves will build it for HaSh-m, G-d of Yisrael, just as Koresh, King of Persia, commanded us]" (Ezra 4:3) (ZERUBAVEL REFUSES THE ENEMY'S OFFER TO HELP BUILD THE BEIS HA'MIKDASH)

(a)When the enemies of Yisrael — the Kutim and other nations that Sancheriv captured and resettled in Eretz Yisrael before the destruction of the Beis ha'Mikdash — volunteered to assist in the construction of the Beis ha'Mikdash, Zerubavel understood that their intention was to sabotage the work and prevent it from being completed, so he declined to accept their offer.

(b)Nevertheless, they hired advisors to disrupt the building in every possible way. They threatened the Jews as they built, and they encouraged the first Koresh, and later Achashverosh (who brought to a halt to the entire building project), to interfere with the construction. This continued until the second year of Daryavesh the second (son of Esther and Achashverosh), when the king finally permitted the construction of the Beis ha'Mikdash to continue unimpeded.

10)[line 40]çîù çèàåú äîúåúCHAMESH CHATA'OS HA'MESOS

There are five Chata'os that are put to death by being locked up without food until they die:

1.The offspring of a Chatas

2.The Temurah (see Background to Erchin 2:11) of a Chatas

3.A Chatas whose owner has died

4.A Chatas of a sheep or goat that became a year old (and is therefore invalid as a Korban Chatas), whose owner brought a different Chatas to atone for his sins

5.A Chatas that was lost and was later found with a Mum, whose owner brought a different Chatas to atone for his sins (Temurah 21b)

11)[last line]"åéäé òí äàøõ îøôéï éãé òí éäåãä åîáäìéí àåúí ìáðåú""VA'YEHI AM HA'ARETZ MERAPIM YEDEI AM YEHUDAH U'MEVAHALIM OSAM LIVNOS"- "Then the people of the land weakened the hands of the people of Yehudah, and frightened them off from building" (Ezra 4:4).

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